Clofibrate | CAS#637-07-0 | Aryloxyisobutyric Acid | Fibrate

MedKoo Cat#: 317552 | Name: Clofibrate

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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Clofibrate (Atromid-S) is an aryloxyisobutyric acid derivate with antihyperlipidemic activity. It is marketed as a fibrate. It is a lipid-lowering agent used for controlling the high cholesterol and triacylglyceride level in the blood. It increases lipoprotein lipase activity to promote the conversion of VLDL to LDL, and hence reduce the level of VLDL. It can increase the level of HDL as well.

Chemical Structure

Clofibrate

CAS#637-07-0 (free)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317552

Name: Clofibrate

CAS#: 637-07-0 (free)

Chemical Formula: C12H15ClO3

Exact Mass: 242.0710

Molecular Weight: 242.70

Elemental Analysis: C, 59.39; H, 6.23; Cl, 14.61; O, 19.78

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability	Quantity
5g	USD 250.00	2 Weeks
25g	USD 550.00	2 Weeks

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Related CAS #

39087-48-4 (calcium) 60763-49-7 (cinnarizine) 637-07-0 (free) 84489-15-6 (mercapturate) 77111-08-1 (lysine) 14613-30-0 (magnesium) 7314-47-8 (sodium)

Synonym

Clofibrate; Ethyl clofibrate; Atromid-S; Clofibrato; Clofibratum; ICI 28257; ICI-28257; ICI28257; AY 61123; AY61123; AY-61123;

IUPAC/Chemical Name

ethyl 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-2-methylpropanoate

InChi Key

KNHUKKLJHYUCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C12H15ClO3/c1-4-15-11(14)12(2,3)16-10-7-5-9(13)6-8-10/h5-8H,4H2,1-3H3

SMILES Code

CCOC(=O)C(C)(C)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)Cl

Appearance

Colorless to light yellow liquid.

Purity

>95% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years). Light sensitive.

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO, not in water

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

Clofibrate is an agonist of PPAR, with EC50s of 50 μM, ∼500 μM for murine PPARα and PPARγ, and 55 μM, ∼500 μM for human PPARα and PPARγ, respectively.

In vitro activity:

Early clofibrate treatment showed significant increases in intracellular FABP1 levels with significant decreases in ROS levels (p < 0.05). Reference: J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2017;20(0):239-251. https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/jpps/index.php/JPPS/article/view/27193

In vivo activity:

Treatment of rats with clofibrate reduced oxidative stress, improved antioxidant status, lowered high blood pressure through the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, mineralocorticoid receptor over-activation, and abrogated testicular apoptosis. Reference: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Apr 24. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33893992/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	DMSO	43.8	180.30
	DMF	50.0	206.02
	Ethanol	42.5	175.11

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 242.70 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Chen Y, Li W, Wang G, Burczynski FJ. Clofibrate Attenuates ROS Production by Lipid Overload in Cultured Rat Hepatoma Cells. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2017;20(0):239-251. doi: 10.18433/J3TS70. PMID: 28810950. 2. Schmeel LC, Schmeel FC, Schmidt-Wolf IG. Clofibrate Demonstrates Efficacy in In Vitro Treatment of Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma. Anticancer Res. 2016 Jul;36(7):3395-400. PMID: 27354598. 3. Oyagbemi AA, Adejumobi OA, Jarikre TA, Ajani OS, Asenuga ER, Gbadamosi IT, Adedapo ADA, Aro AO, Ogunpolu BS, Hassan FO, Falayi OO, Ogunmiluyi IO, Omobowale TO, Arojojoye OA, Ola-Davies OE, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Emikpe BO, Oyeyemi MO, Nkadimeng SM, McGaw LJ, Kayoka-Kabongo PN, Oguntibeju OO, Yakubu MA. Clofibrate, a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha (PPARα) Agonist, and Its Molecular Mechanisms of Action against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Apr 24. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02722-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33893992. 4. Ibarra-Lara L, Sánchez-Aguilar M, Del Valle-Mondragón L, Soria-Castro E, Cervantes-Pérez LG, Pastelín-Hernández G, Sánchez-Mendoza A. Clofibrate improves myocardial ischemia-induced damage through regulation of renin-angiotensin system and favours a pro-vasodilator profile in left ventricle. J Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Dec;144(4):218-228. doi: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.09.005. Epub 2020 Sep 18. PMID: 33070841.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Oyagbemi AA, Adejumobi OA, Jarikre TA, Ajani OS, Asenuga ER, Gbadamosi IT, Adedapo ADA, Aro AO, Ogunpolu BS, Hassan FO, Falayi OO, Ogunmiluyi IO, Omobowale TO, Arojojoye OA, Ola-Davies OE, Saba AB, Adedapo AA, Emikpe BO, Oyeyemi MO, Nkadimeng SM, McGaw LJ, Kayoka-Kabongo PN, Oguntibeju OO, Yakubu MA. Clofibrate, a Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha (PPARα) Agonist, and Its Molecular Mechanisms of Action against Sodium Fluoride-Induced Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2021 Apr 24. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02722-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33893992. 2. Ibarra-Lara L, Sánchez-Aguilar M, Del Valle-Mondragón L, Soria-Castro E, Cervantes-Pérez LG, Pastelín-Hernández G, Sánchez-Mendoza A. Clofibrate improves myocardial ischemia-induced damage through regulation of renin-angiotensin system and favours a pro-vasodilator profile in left ventricle. J Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Dec;144(4):218-228. doi: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.09.005. Epub 2020 Sep 18. PMID: 33070841.

1: Chandran K, Goswami S, Sharma-Walia N. Implications of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) ligand clofibrate in breast cancer. Oncotarget. 2015 Nov 26. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.6402. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26621841. 2: Takayanagi T, Takashima R, Wako Y, Kawasako K, Tanaka Y, Hori H, Fujii W. Repeated dose liver micronucleus assay using clofibrate in young adult rats. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2015 Mar;780-781:117-22. doi: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.01.002. Epub 2015 Jan 6. PubMed PMID: 25892631. 3: Gessner DK, Gröne B, Rosenbaum S, Most E, Hillen S, Becker S, Erhardt G, Reiner G, Eder K. Treatment of lactating sows with clofibrate as a synthetic agonist of PPARα does not influence milk fat content and gains of litters. BMC Vet Res. 2015 Mar 7;11:54. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0368-y. PubMed PMID: 25888880; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4355968. 4: Lin X, Jacobi S, Odle J. Transplacental induction of fatty acid oxidation in term fetal pigs by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist clofibrate. J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2015 Mar 26;6(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s40104-015-0010-7. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 25883783; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4399351. 5: Bai X, Lin X, Drayton J, Liu Y, Ji C, Odle J. Clofibrate increases long-chain fatty acid oxidation by neonatal pigs. J Nutr. 2014 Nov;144(11):1688-93. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.193169. Epub 2014 Sep 3. PubMed PMID: 25332467. 6: Guo X, Liang XF, Fang L, Yuan X, Zhou Y, He S, Shen D. Effects of lipid-lowering pharmaceutical clofibrate on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellal Val.) fed with the high non-protein energy diets. Fish Physiol Biochem. 2015 Apr;41(2):331-43. doi: 10.1007/s10695-014-9986-8. Epub 2014 Sep 12. PubMed PMID: 25213789. 7: Nafisi S, Heidari R, Ghaffarzadeh M, Ziaee M, Hamzeiy H, Garjani A, Eghbal MA. Cytoprotective effects of silafibrate, a newly-synthesised siliconated derivative of clofibrate, against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2014 Jun;65(2):169-78. doi: 10.2478/10004-1254-65-2014-2434. PubMed PMID: 24706421. 8: Fukaya M, Kimata H. Topical clofibrate improves symptoms in patients with atopic dermatitis and reduces serum TARC levels: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014 Mar;13(3):259-63. PubMed PMID: 24595568. 9: Yousefipour Z, Newaz M. PPARα ligand clofibrate ameliorates blood pressure and vascular reactivity in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2014 Apr;35(4):476-82. doi: 10.1038/aps.2013.193. Epub 2014 Feb 24. PubMed PMID: 24562305. 10: Eghbalian F, Monsef F, Alam Ghomi N, Monsef A. Effect of Low versus Moderate Dose of Clofibrate on Serum Bilirubin in Healthy Term Neonates with Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia. Iran J Med Sci. 2013 Dec;38(4):349-50. PubMed PMID: 24293792; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3838990.