Dexamethasone | CAS# 50-02-2 (free base) | steroid

MedKoo Cat#: 315269 | Name: Dexamethasone

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Dexamethasone is a type of steroid medication. It has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects. It is 25 times more potent than cortisol in its glucocorticoid effect, while having minimal mineralocorticoid effect. Dexamethasone is used for the treatment of many conditions including: rheumatologic problems, a number of skin diseases such as erythema multiforme, severe allergies, asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, croup, and cerebral edema, in addition to other medications in tuberculosis and a number of other infectious diseases.

Chemical Structure

Dexamethasone

CAS#50-02-2 (free base)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 315269

Name: Dexamethasone

CAS#: 50-02-2 (free base)

Chemical Formula: C22H29FO5

Exact Mass: 392.1999

Molecular Weight: 392.46

Elemental Analysis: C, 67.33; H, 7.45; F, 4.84; O, 20.38

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability
200mg	USD 90.00	Ready to ship
500mg	USD 150.00	Ready to ship
1g	USD 225.00	Ready to ship
2g	USD 350.00	Ready to ship
5g	USD 650.00	Ready to ship
10g	USD 950.00	Ready to ship

Bulk Inquiry

Buy Now

Add to Cart

Related CAS #

3936-02-5 (metasulfobenzoate sodium) 3800-84-8 (sodium succinate) 50-02-2 (free base) 1177-87-3 (acetate) 150587-07-8 (beloxil) 2265-64-7 (isonicotinate) 14899-36-6 (palmitate) 312-93-6 (phosphate) 2392-39-4 (phosphate sodium)

Synonym

Decaject; Decaject L.A.; Decaject-L.A.; Decameth; Decaspray; Dexamethasone; Dexasone; Dexpak; .Hexadecadrol; Hexadrol.; Maxidex; Methylfluorprednisolone; Millicorten; Oradexon

IUPAC/Chemical Name

(8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16R,17R)-9-fluoro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one

InChi Key

UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C22H29FO5/c1-12-8-16-15-5-4-13-9-14(25)6-7-19(13,2)21(15,23)17(26)10-20(16,3)22(12,28)18(27)11-24/h6-7,9,12,15-17,24,26,28H,4-5,8,10-11H2,1-3H3/t12-,15+,16+,17+,19+,20+,21+,22+/m1/s1

SMILES Code

O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@@]3(F)[C@@H](O)C[C@]4(C)[C@](C(CO)=O)(O)[C@H](C)C[C@@]4([H])[C@]3([H])CCC2=C1

Appearance

solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO.

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Certificate of Analysis

View CoA: current batch, Lot#BBC70116

QC Data

View QC data: current batch, Lot#BBC70116

Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

View Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist.

In vitro activity:

The results confirmed that dex (Dexamethasone) had no effect on the expression of RUNX2, while strongly inhibiting SOX9 and upregulating PPARG levels in a dose-dependent manner (Figure 4). The trend for SOX9 and PPARG gene expression was consistent among donors. SOX9 was upregulated in the presence of ascorbic acid and glycerol 2-phosphate alone, and the addition of 10 nM and 100 nM dex strongly suppressed SOX9 expression. On the contrary, PPARG levels were unaltered when ascorbic acid and glycerol 2-phosphate were added, but the presence of dex resulted in a dose-dependent increase in its expression. (+)-ZK 216348 showed no effect on gene expression of either RUNX2, SOX9, or PPARG, although a non-significant trend in SOX9 downregulation and PPARG upregulation can be observed when using higher concentrations of this glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Reference: Int J Mol Sci. 2021 May; 22(9): 4785. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8124248/

In vivo activity:

In line with this notion, 6 hours after the first immunization of BALB/c mice with gp70 epitope (Figure 2(a), upper panel) and of C57BL/6 mice with two mutant epitopes (Figure 2(a), lower panel), release of these cytokines was detected in the vaccine-only group (Vaccine). In all Dexa (Dexamethasone)-treated groups, however, serum cytokines were very low and IFNγ and IL6 were barely above detection level. Having shown that Dexa interferes with these immune-modulatory factors intended for promoting T-cell priming at first antigen-encounter, this study assessed cytokine levels in BALB/c mice after a second vaccination with gp70 epitope (Figure 2(b)). In the group receiving only vaccine, IL12p70 and IL6 levels after the second vaccination were comparable to those after the first vaccination, and IFNγ levels were considerably higher. In contrast, in mice subjected to the pre and the post + pre Dexa regimen, serum IFNγ, IL12p70 and IL6 were hardly measurable after the second vaccination. Mice which had received a single Dexa dose after the first vaccination (Dexa post 1x) demonstrated cytokine levels after the second vaccination that were closer to those observed under nonimmune suppressed conditions after the first vaccination, indicating recovery of the involved immune-cell populations with regard to their capability to secrete these key cytokines. Reference: Oncoimmunology. 2020; 9(1): 1758004. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7458619/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	DMSO	50.8	129.47
	DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:10)	0.1	0.25
	DMF	25.0	63.70
	Ethanol	7.4	18.96

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 392.46 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Della Bella E, Buetti-Dinh A, Licandro G, Ahmad P, Basoli V, Alini M, Stoddart MJ. Dexamethasone Induces Changes in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via SOX9 and PPARG, but Not RUNX2. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 30;22(9):4785. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094785. PMID: 33946412; PMCID: PMC8124248. 2. Jiang Z, Zhang C, Liu X, Ma X, Bian X, Xiao X, Gao R, Sun Y, Wu W, Zhao P. Dexamethasone inhibits stemness maintenance and enhances chemosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells by inducing deSUMOylation of HIF‑1α and Oct4. Int J Oncol. 2020 Sep;57(3):780-790. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5097. Epub 2020 Jul 8. PMID: 32705164; PMCID: PMC7384854. 3. Suzuki S, Okada M, Sanomachi T, Togashi K, Seino S, Sato A, Yamamoto M, Kitanaka C. Therapeutic targeting of pancreatic cancer stem cells by dexamethasone modulation of the MKP-1-JNK axis. J Biol Chem. 2020 Dec 25;295(52):18328-18342. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.015223. Epub 2020 Oct 28. PMID: 33115754. 4. Vormehr M, Lehar S, Kranz LM, Tahtinen S, Oei Y, Javinal V, Delamarre L, Walzer KC, Diken M, Kreiter S, Mellman I, Sahin U, Schartner JM, Türeci Ö. Dexamethasone premedication suppresses vaccine-induced immune responses against cancer. Oncoimmunology. 2020 May 13;9(1):1758004. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2020.1758004. PMID: 32923115; PMCID: PMC7458619.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Suzuki S, Okada M, Sanomachi T, Togashi K, Seino S, Sato A, Yamamoto M, Kitanaka C. Therapeutic targeting of pancreatic cancer stem cells by dexamethasone modulation of the MKP-1-JNK axis. J Biol Chem. 2020 Dec 25;295(52):18328-18342. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA120.015223. Epub 2020 Oct 28. PMID: 33115754. 2. Vormehr M, Lehar S, Kranz LM, Tahtinen S, Oei Y, Javinal V, Delamarre L, Walzer KC, Diken M, Kreiter S, Mellman I, Sahin U, Schartner JM, Türeci Ö. Dexamethasone premedication suppresses vaccine-induced immune responses against cancer. Oncoimmunology. 2020 May 13;9(1):1758004. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2020.1758004. PMID: 32923115; PMCID: PMC7458619.

1: Sinner B. Perioperatives Dexamethason [Perioperative dexamethasone]. Anaesthesist. 2019 Oct;68(10):676-682. German. doi: 10.1007/s00101-019-00672-x. PMID: 31595319. 2: Giles AJ, Hutchinson MND, Sonnemann HM, Jung J, Fecci PE, Ratnam NM, Zhang W, Song H, Bailey R, Davis D, Reid CM, Park DM, Gilbert MR. Dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression: mechanisms and implications for immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer. 2018 Jun 11;6(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s40425-018-0371-5. PMID: 29891009; PMCID: PMC5996496. 3: Madamsetty VS, Mohammadinejad R, Uzieliene I, Nabavi N, Dehshahri A, García- Couce J, Tavakol S, Moghassemi S, Dadashzadeh A, Makvandi P, Pardakhty A, Aghaei Afshar A, Seyfoddin A. Dexamethasone: Insights into Pharmacological Aspects, Therapeutic Mechanisms, and Delivery Systems. ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2022 May 9;8(5):1763-1790. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00026. Epub 2022 Apr 19. PMID: 35439408. 4: Black R, Grodzinsky AJ. Dexamethasone: chondroprotective corticosteroid or catabolic killer? Eur Cell Mater. 2019 Nov 22;38:246-263. doi: 10.22203/eCM.v038a17. PMID: 31755076; PMCID: PMC7211090. 5: Moore SG. Intravenous Dexamethasone as an Analgesic: A Literature Review. AANA J. 2018 Dec;86(6):488-493. PMID: 31584423. 6: Li AFY, Wang CL, Tai HY, Fu YJ, Tsai FT, Tsai YC, Ko YL, Li MJ, Lin CC, Chang TJ. Pandemic aspect of dexamethasone: Molecular mechanisms and clinical application. J Chin Med Assoc. 2021 Mar 1;84(3):245-247. doi: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000485. PMID: 33433137. 7: Upadhyayula PS, Higgins DM, Argenziano MG, Spinazzi EF, Wu CC, Canoll P, Bruce JN. The Sledgehammer in Precision Medicine: Dexamethasone and Immunotherapeutic Treatment of Glioma. Cancer Invest. 2022 Jul;40(6):554-566. doi: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1944178. Epub 2022 Mar 24. PMID: 34151678. 8: Ho CM, Wu HL, Ho ST, Wang JJ. Dexamethasone prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting: benefit versus risk. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2011 Sep;49(3):100-4. doi: 10.1016/j.aat.2011.06.002. PMID: 21982171. 9: Vohra M, Sharma AR, Satyamoorthy K, Rai PS. Pharmacogenomic considerations for repurposing of dexamethasone as a potential drug against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Per Med. 2021 Jul;18(4):389-398. doi: 10.2217/pme-2020-0183. Epub 2021 Jun 4. PMID: 34086487; PMCID: PMC8186476. 10: McIntyre P. Should dexamethasone be part of routine therapy of bacterial meningitis in industrialised countries? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2005;568:189-97. doi: 10.1007/0-387-25342-4_13. PMID: 16107073. 11: Gaignage P, Lognay G, Bosson D, Vertongen D, Dreze P, Marlier M, Severin M. Dexamethasone bovine pharmacokinetics. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 1991 Jul- Sep;16(3):219-21. doi: 10.1007/BF03189963. PMID: 1814739. 12: Weber C, Liegl R. Dexamethason-Stäbchen im Bereich der Makula nach vitreoretinaler Chirurgie [Dexamethasone remnant on the macula after vitreoretinal surgery]. Ophthalmologie. 2023 May;120(5):459. German. doi: 10.1007/s00347-022-01790-5. Epub 2023 Jan 19. PMID: 36656386. 13: Buxton JD. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate. Br Dent J. 1981 Nov 3;151(9):283. doi: 10.1038/sj.bdj.4804687. PMID: 6945115. 14: Batistaki C, Kaminiotis E, Papadimos T, Kostopanagiotou G. A Narrative Review of the Evidence on the Efficacy of Dexamethasone on Postoperative Analgesic Consumption. Clin J Pain. 2017 Nov;33(11):1037-1046. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000486. PMID: 28177939. 15: Schreiber N, Gebauer D, Schittek G, Sandner-Kiesling A. Dexamethason für die postoperative Schmerztherapie in der Bandscheibenchirurgie [Role of Dexamethasone for Pain Management in Intervertebral Disc Surgery]. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2022 Feb;57(2):138-141. German. doi: 10.1055/a-1483-9092. Epub 2022 Feb 16. PMID: 35172344. 16: Tun SBB, Chua M, Tan GSW, Leibiger I, Ali Y, Barathi VA, Berggren PO. Local Dexamethasone Administration Delays Allogeneic Islet Graft Rejection in the Anterior Chamber of the Eye of Non-Human Primates. Cell Transplant. 2022 Jan- Dec;31:9636897221098038. doi: 10.1177/09636897221098038. PMID: 35603580; PMCID: PMC9125106. 17: Finch ER, Janke LJ, Li L, Payton MA, Jenkins DA, Crews KR, Relling MV, Karol SE. Dasatinib does not exacerbate dexamethasone-induced osteonecrosis in murine models of acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2022 Apr;69(4):e29490. doi: 10.1002/pbc.29490. Epub 2021 Dec 5. PMID: 34866312; PMCID: PMC8860849. 18: Allan SG, Leonard RC. Dexamethasone antiemesis and side-effects. Lancet. 1986 May 3;1(8488):1035. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(86)91305-x. PMID: 2871314. 19: Kumar P, Mahajan G. Dexamethasone for management of neonatal meningitis. Indian J Pediatr. 2013 Feb;80(2):155-6. doi: 10.1007/s12098-013-0975-1. Epub 2013 Jan 26. PMID: 23355014. 20: Bian X, Liu H, Sun J, Zhang X, Li N, Chen M. Efficacy of Dexamethasone for Reducing Edema and Ecchymosis After Rhinoplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta- analysis. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2020 Oct;44(5):1672-1684. doi: 10.1007/s00266-020-01743-w. Epub 2020 May 7. PMID: 32383002.