Synonym
Liothyronine sodium; Triiodothyronine; 3,3',5-Triiodo-L-thyronine; Liothyronin; Tresitope; 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine; Cytomel; Tertroxin; Triostat; Basoprocin
IUPAC/Chemical Name
sodium (S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoate
InChi Key
SBXXSUDPJJJJLC-YDALLXLXSA-M
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C15H12I3NO4.Na/c16-9-6-8(1-2-13(9)20)23-14-10(17)3-7(4-11(14)18)5-12(19)15(21)22;/h1-4,6,12,20H,5,19H2,(H,21,22);/q;+1/p-1/t12-;/m0./s1
SMILES Code
O=C([O-])[C@@H](N)CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC=C(O)C(I)=C2)C(I)=C1.[Na+]
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder.
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Liothyronine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone (T3) used to treat hypothyroidism and myxedema coma.
In vitro activity:
A one-week treatment with T3 increased cardiomyocyte size, anisotropy, and sarcomere length. T3 treatment was associated with reduced cell cycle activity, manifest as reduced DNA synthesis and increased expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21.
Reference: J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2014 Jul;72:296-304. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24735830/
In vivo activity:
The systemic immune response was also explored, and low dose of liothyronine could significantly elicit immune responses by increasing the frequency of CD8+ IFN-γ+ T cells in the tumor draining lymph node but not in the spleen, while high dose of liothyronine could increase the frequency in both tissues (Fig. 6d, e). Thus, liothyronine could suppress tumor growth and stimulate CD8+ T cell response in tumor bearing mice.
Reference: Cell Commun Signal. 2020 Sep 7;18(1):142. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32894141/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
comments |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
5.6 |
8.26 |
|
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
672.96
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Pourzardosht N, Hashemi ZS, Mard-Soltani M, Jahangiri A, Rahbar MR, Zakeri A, Mirzajani E, Khalili S. Liothyronine could block the programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) activity: an e-Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening study. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2022 Feb;42(1):34-42. doi: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1839765. Epub 2020 Oct 26. PMID: 33100099.
2. Yang X, Rodriguez M, Pabon L, Fischer KA, Reinecke H, Regnier M, Sniadecki NJ, Ruohola-Baker H, Murry CE. Tri-iodo-l-thyronine promotes the maturation of human cardiomyocytes-derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2014 Jul;72:296-304. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 Apr 13. PMID: 24735830; PMCID: PMC4041732.
3. Zhou X, Du J, Wang H, Chen C, Jiao L, Cheng X, Zhou X, Chen S, Gou S, Zhao W, Zhai W, Chen J, Gao Y. Repositioning liothyronine for cancer immunotherapy by blocking the interaction of immune checkpoint TIGIT/PVR. Cell Commun Signal. 2020 Sep 7;18(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s12964-020-00638-2. PMID: 32894141; PMCID: PMC7487564.
In vitro protocol:
1. Pourzardosht N, Hashemi ZS, Mard-Soltani M, Jahangiri A, Rahbar MR, Zakeri A, Mirzajani E, Khalili S. Liothyronine could block the programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) activity: an e-Pharmacophore modeling and virtual screening study. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 2022 Feb;42(1):34-42. doi: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1839765. Epub 2020 Oct 26. PMID: 33100099.
2. Yang X, Rodriguez M, Pabon L, Fischer KA, Reinecke H, Regnier M, Sniadecki NJ, Ruohola-Baker H, Murry CE. Tri-iodo-l-thyronine promotes the maturation of human cardiomyocytes-derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2014 Jul;72:296-304. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.04.005. Epub 2014 Apr 13. PMID: 24735830; PMCID: PMC4041732.
In vivo protocol:
1. Zhou X, Du J, Wang H, Chen C, Jiao L, Cheng X, Zhou X, Chen S, Gou S, Zhao W, Zhai W, Chen J, Gao Y. Repositioning liothyronine for cancer immunotherapy by blocking the interaction of immune checkpoint TIGIT/PVR. Cell Commun Signal. 2020 Sep 7;18(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s12964-020-00638-2. PMID: 32894141; PMCID: PMC7487564.
1: Jonklaas J, Burman KD. Daily Administration of Short-Acting Liothyronine Is Associated with Significant Triiodothyronine Excursions and Fails to Alter Thyroid-Responsive Parameters. Thyroid. 2016 Apr 28. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27030088.
2: Trimboli P, Centanni M, Virili C. Liquid liothyronine to obtain target TSH in differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Endocr J. 2016 Mar 18. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27000530.
3: Leese GP, Soto-Pedre E, Donnelly LA. Liothyronine use in a 17 year observational population-based study - The tears study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2016 Mar 4. doi: 10.1111/cen.13052. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26940864.
4: Maruo Y, Mori A, Morioka Y, Sawai C, Mimura Y, Matui K, Takeuchi Y. Successful every-other-day liothyronine therapy for severe resistance to thyroid hormone beta with a novel THRB mutation; case report. BMC Endocr Disord. 2016 Jan 12;16:1. doi: 10.1186/s12902-015-0081-7. PubMed PMID: 26754848; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4709977.
5: Foeller ME, Silver RM. Combination Levothyroxine + Liothyronine Treatment in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2015 Sep;70(9):584-6. doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000217. PubMed PMID: 26403562.
6: Mohagheghi A, Arfaie A, Amiri S, Nouri M, Abdi S, Safikhanlou S. Preventive effect of liothyronine on electroconvulsive therapy-induced memory deficit in patients with major depressive disorder: a double-blind controlled clinical trial. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:503918. doi: 10.1155/2015/503918. Epub 2015 Apr 6. PubMed PMID: 25945337; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4402486.
7: Bains A, Brosseau AJ, Harrison D. Iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis secondary to compounded liothyronine. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2015 Jan-Feb;68(1):57-9. PubMed PMID: 25762821; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4350501.
8: Jurik A, Zdrazil B, Holy M, Stockner T, Sitte HH, Ecker GF. A binding mode hypothesis of tiagabine confirms liothyronine effect on γ-aminobutyric acid transporter 1 (GAT1). J Med Chem. 2015 Mar 12;58(5):2149-58. doi: 10.1021/jm5015428. Epub 2015 Feb 26. PubMed PMID: 25679268; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4360375.
9: Yavuz S, Linderman JD, Smith S, Zhao X, Pucino F, Celi FS. The dynamic pituitary response to escalating-dose TRH stimulation test in hypothyroid patients treated with liothyronine or levothyroxine replacement therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 May;98(5):E862-6. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-4196. Epub 2013 Apr 12. PubMed PMID: 23585666; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3644597.
10: Ghafur MS, Saadat M, Maraci MR, Bagherian RS, Mazaheri M. Comparison between the effect of liothyronine and piracetam on personal information, orientation and mental control in patients under treatment with ECT. Indian J Psychiatry. 2012 Apr;54(2):154-8. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.99536. PubMed PMID: 22988323; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3440910.
