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MedKoo Cat#: 317778 | Name: Epinephrine
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

(-)-Epinephrine is a natural predominant neurotransmitter that is released from the adrenal medulla and activates adrenoceptors. (-)-Epinephrine has been found to be an effective β2-agonist and bronchiodialator. (-)-Epinephrine is an activator of β2-AR. Through these receptors, (-)-epinephrine may induce either contraction or relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, depending on adrenoceptor subtype expression. Receptor-mediated actions of (-)-epinephrine are also relevant to blocking anaphylaxis, reversing cardiac arrest, and reducing bleeding in clinical trials.

Chemical Structure

Epinephrine
Epinephrine
CAS#51-43-4 (free base)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317778

Name: Epinephrine

CAS#: 51-43-4 (free base)

Chemical Formula: C9H13NO3

Exact Mass: 183.0895

Molecular Weight: 183.20

Elemental Analysis: C, 59.00; H, 7.15; N, 7.65; O, 26.20

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
2g USD 250.00 2 Weeks
5g USD 450.00 2 Weeks
10g USD 750.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
51-43-4 (free base) 51-42-3 (bitartrate) 55-31-2 (HCl)
Synonym
Epinephrine; L-Adrenaline; Adrenaline; L-epinephrine; Adrenalin; Levoepinephrine; (–)-Epinephrine; NSC 62786; NSC62786; NSC-62786;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
4-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol
InChi Key
UCTWMZQNUQWSLP-VIFPVBQESA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C9H13NO3/c1-10-5-9(13)6-2-3-7(11)8(12)4-6/h2-4,9-13H,5H2,1H3/t9-/m0/s1
SMILES Code
CNC[C@@H](C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>95% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 183.20 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
1: Dos Reis Júnior A, Quinto D. Digital block with or without the addition of epinephrine in the anesthetic solution. Braz J Anesthesiol. 2016 Jan-Feb;66(1):63-71. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2013.12.004. Epub 2015 Nov 25. PubMed PMID: 26768932. 2: Tanner A, Clarke C. Epinephrine Policies and Protocols Guidance for Schools: Equipping School Nurses to Save Lives. NASN Sch Nurse. 2016 Jan;31(1):13-22. doi: 10.1177/1942602X15607604. PubMed PMID: 26739930. 3: de Leeuw MA, Perez RS. Early pharmacokinetics of ropivacaine without epinephrine after injection into the psoas compartment. Br J Anaesth. 2016 Jan;116(1):141-2. doi: 10.1093/bja/aev422. PubMed PMID: 26675960. 4: Epinephrine after cardiac arrest. Arch Dis Child. 2016 Jan;101(1):95. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2015-310092. Epub 2015 Nov 23. PubMed PMID: 26598550. 5: Nader A, Kendall MC, Chrisman H, De Oliveira GS Jr, Tureanu LM, McCarthy RJ. Greater Cephalad Extent of Thoracic Epidural Sensory Anesthesia After Lidocaine and Epinephrine Test Dose Correlates With Analgesic Consumption and Pain Burden After Uterine Fibroid Artery Embolization. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Jan-Feb;41(1):56-64. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000327. PubMed PMID: 26587675. 6: Ogino M, Khan MS, Cline MA, Tachibana T. Acute injections of corticosterone, norepinephrine and epinephrine retards food passage in the crop of chicks. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2016 Jan 1;225:155-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.10.015. Epub 2015 Nov 11. PubMed PMID: 26519762. 7: Lopez E, Fujiwara O, Lima-Lopez F, Suman OE, Mlcak RP, Hawkins HK, Cox RA, Herndon DN, Prough DS, Enkhbaatar P. Nebulized Epinephrine Limits Pulmonary Vascular Hyperpermeability to Water and Protein in Ovine With Burn and Smoke Inhalation Injury. Crit Care Med. 2016 Feb;44(2):e89-96. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000001349. PubMed PMID: 26465218. 8: Chen J, Makiyama T, Wuriyanghai Y, Ohno S, Sasaki K, Hayano M, Harita T, Nishiuchi S, Yuta Yamamoto, Ueyama T, Shimizu A, Horie M, Kimura T. Cardiac sodium channel mutation associated with epinephrine-induced QT prolongation and sinus node dysfunction. Heart Rhythm. 2016 Jan;13(1):289-98. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.08.021. Epub 2015 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 26282245. 9: Bighamian R, Soleymani S, Reisner AT, Seri I, Hahn JO. Prediction of Hemodynamic Response to Epinephrine via Model-Based System Identification. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform. 2016 Jan;20(1):416-23. doi: 10.1109/JBHI.2014.2371533. Epub 2014 Nov 20. PubMed PMID: 25420273. 10: Alayoubi A, Haynes L, Patil H, Daihom B, Helms R, Almoazen H. Development of a fast dissolving film of epinephrine hydrochloride as a potential anaphylactic treatment for pediatrics. Pharm Dev Technol. 2016 Jan 7:1-5. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26740126. 11: Fuenmayor A AJ, Gómez R L, Solórzano MI. Effects of epinephrine over P wave duration and ventricular repolarization in subjects without structural heart disease. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Feb 1;204:142-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.11.182. Epub 2015 Dec 2. PubMed PMID: 26657609. 12: Moreira CG, Sperandio V. The Epinephrine/Norepinephrine /Autoinducer-3 Interkingdom Signaling System in Escherichia coli O157:H7. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;874:247-61. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-20215-0_12. PubMed PMID: 26589223. 13: Burgert JM, Johnson AD, Garcia-Blanco J, Froehle J, Morris T, Althuisius B, Richards J, Castano C. The effects of proximal and distal routes of intraosseous epinephrine administration on short-term resuscitative outcome measures in an adult swine model of ventricular fibrillation: a randomized controlled study. Am J Emerg Med. 2016 Jan;34(1):49-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.09.007. Epub 2015 Sep 21. PubMed PMID: 26462903. 14: Reis Júnior AD, Quinto D. [Digital block with or without the addition of epinephrine in the anesthetic solution]. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2016 Jan-Feb;66(1):63-71. doi: 10.1016/j.bjan.2013.12.004. Epub 2015 May 23. Portuguese. PubMed PMID: 26004996. 15: Wong PH, Adams KE, Carlson GS, Quinn JM. Experience with epinephrine delivery in immunotherapy-associated systemic reactions. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015 Dec 18. pii: S1081-1206(15)00796-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.11.009. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26712521. 16: Stone CA Jr, Choi JJ. Effect of use of inhaled epinephrine on intramuscular epinephrine use in patients with idiopathic anaphylaxis and angioedema. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015 Dec 12. pii: S1081-1206(15)00799-1. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.11.012. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26689620. 17: Gicquel-Schlemmer B, Beller JP, Mchalwat A, Gicquel P. Fatal Takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to epinephrine in shoulder arthroscopy. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2015 Dec;101(8):981-2. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2015.09.026. Epub 2015 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 26548514. 18: Patel AM, Wu Lee JX, Pham AQ, Yusin JS. Long-term adherence to self-injectable epinephrine in the veteran population. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015 Dec;115(6):532-3. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.09.011. Epub 2015 Oct 12. PubMed PMID: 26460292. 19: Loomba RS, Nijhawan K, Aggarwal S, Arora RR. Increased return of spontaneous circulation at the expense of neurologic outcomes: Is prehospital epinephrine for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest really worth it? J Crit Care. 2015 Dec;30(6):1376-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.08.016. Epub 2015 Sep 1. PubMed PMID: 26428074. 20: Ferrer DG, García AG, Peris-Vicente J, Gimeno-Adelantado JV, Esteve-Romero J. Analysis of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine in urine samples of hospital patients by micellar liquid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2015 Dec;407(30):9009-18. doi: 10.1007/s00216-015-9066-7. Epub 2015 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 26427500.

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