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MedKoo Cat#: 573480 | Name: Muscimol
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Muscimol is a neurotoxic isoxazole obtained by decarboxylation of Ibotenic Acid. Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A receptors and is used mainly as an experimental tool in animal and tissue studies.

Chemical Structure

Muscimol
Muscimol
CAS#2763-96-4 (free base)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 573480

Name: Muscimol

CAS#: 2763-96-4 (free base)

Chemical Formula: C4H6N2O2

Exact Mass: 114.0429

Molecular Weight: 114.10

Elemental Analysis: C, 42.11; H, 5.30; N, 24.55; O, 28.04

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5mg USD 250.00 2 Weeks
10mg USD 450.00 2 Weeks
25mg USD 950.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
2763-96-4 (free base) 18174-72-6 (HBr) 3579-03-1 (HCl)
Synonym
Agarin, Agarine, CCRIS 3720, HSDB 6036, Muscimol, Pantherin, Pantherine
IUPAC/Chemical Name
3(2H)-Isoxazolone, 5-(aminomethyl)-
InChi Key
ZJQHPWUVQPJPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
1S/C4H6N2O2/c5-2-3-1-4(7)6-8-3/h1H,2,5H2,(H,6,7)
SMILES Code
c1(cc(no1)O)CN
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Muscimol is a potent agonist of GABA-A receptors.
In vitro activity:
The present study was performed to identify the effect of GABAR agonists on K2P channel expression and activity in the neuroblastic B35 cells that maintain glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) activity and express GABA. In particular, muscimol, a GABAAR agonist, significantly increased TREK-2 expression and activity, but the effect was reduced in the presence of the GABAAR antagonist bicuculine or TREK-2 inhibitor norfluoxetine. In the whole-cell and single-channel patch configurations, muscimol increased TREK-2 activity, but the muscimol effect disappeared in the N-terminal deletion mutant. Reference: Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 27;22(17):9320. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34502229/
In vivo activity:
This study hypothesized that muscimol, a selective GABA(A) agonist, could act on endogenous GABA(A) channels expressed on airway smooth muscle to attenuate induced increases in airway pressures in anesthetized guinea pigs in vivo. Pretreatment with intravenous muscimol alone attenuated intravenous histamine-, intravenous acetylcholine-, or vagal nerve-stimulated increases in peak pulmonary inflation pressure. Pretreatment with the GABA(A) antagonist gabazine blocked muscimol's effect. Reference: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 Apr;106(4):1257-63. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19213928/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
Water 11.4 100.00
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 114.10 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Kim EJ, Kwon OS, Hur CG, Nyiramana MM, Lee DK, Hong SG, Han J, Kang D. Muscimol Directly Activates the TREK-2 Channel Expressed in GABAergic Neurons through Its N-Terminus. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 27;22(17):9320. doi: 10.3390/ijms22179320. PMID: 34502229; PMCID: PMC8431218. 2. Kanasaki H, Tumurbaatar T, Oride A, Hara T, Okada H, Kyo S. Gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor agonist, muscimol, increases KiSS-1 gene expression in hypothalamic cell models. Reprod Med Biol. 2017 Oct 4;16(4):386-391. doi: 10.1002/rmb2.12061. PMID: 29259493; PMCID: PMC5715903. 3. Jafari-Sabet M, Jannat-Dastjerdi I. Muscimol state-dependent memory: involvement of dorsal hippocampal mu-opioid receptors. Behav Brain Res. 2009 Aug 24;202(1):5-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.010. Epub 2009 Mar 19. PMID: 19447274. 4. Gleason NR, Gallos G, Zhang Y, Emala CW. The GABAA agonist muscimol attenuates induced airway constriction in guinea pigs in vivo. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 Apr;106(4):1257-63. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91314.2008. Epub 2009 Feb 12. PMID: 19213928; PMCID: PMC2698643.
In vitro protocol:
1. Kim EJ, Kwon OS, Hur CG, Nyiramana MM, Lee DK, Hong SG, Han J, Kang D. Muscimol Directly Activates the TREK-2 Channel Expressed in GABAergic Neurons through Its N-Terminus. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 27;22(17):9320. doi: 10.3390/ijms22179320. PMID: 34502229; PMCID: PMC8431218. 2. Kanasaki H, Tumurbaatar T, Oride A, Hara T, Okada H, Kyo S. Gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor agonist, muscimol, increases KiSS-1 gene expression in hypothalamic cell models. Reprod Med Biol. 2017 Oct 4;16(4):386-391. doi: 10.1002/rmb2.12061. PMID: 29259493; PMCID: PMC5715903.
In vivo protocol:
1. Jafari-Sabet M, Jannat-Dastjerdi I. Muscimol state-dependent memory: involvement of dorsal hippocampal mu-opioid receptors. Behav Brain Res. 2009 Aug 24;202(1):5-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.03.010. Epub 2009 Mar 19. PMID: 19447274. 2. Gleason NR, Gallos G, Zhang Y, Emala CW. The GABAA agonist muscimol attenuates induced airway constriction in guinea pigs in vivo. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2009 Apr;106(4):1257-63. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91314.2008. Epub 2009 Feb 12. PMID: 19213928; PMCID: PMC2698643.
1: Johnston GA. Muscimol as an ionotropic GABA receptor agonist. Neurochem Res. 2014 Oct;39(10):1942-7. doi: 10.1007/s11064-014-1245-y. Epub 2014 Jan 29. Review. PubMed PMID: 24473816. 2: Kohane DS, Holmes GL, Chau Y, Zurakowski D, Langer R, Cha BH. Effectiveness of muscimol-containing microparticles against pilocarpine-induced focal seizures. Epilepsia. 2002 Dec;43(12):1462-8. PubMed PMID: 12460246. 3: King TS, Potter D, Kang IS, Norris C, Chen E, Schenken RS, Javors MA. Concentration-dependent effects of muscimol to enhance pulsatile GnRH release from GT1-7 neurons in vitro. Brain Res. 1999 Apr 3;824(1):56-62. PubMed PMID: 10095042. 4: Jones HE, Balster RL. Muscimol-like discriminative stimulus effects of GABA agonists in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1998 Feb;59(2):319-26. PubMed PMID: 9476976.