Saikosaponin C | CAS#20736-08-7 | antibiotic

MedKoo Cat#: 461706 | Name: Saikosaponin C

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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Saikosaponin C is one of the major active constituents of dried Radix bupleuri root that has been widely used in China to treat a variety of conditions. Recently, saikosaponins have been reported to have properties of cell growth inhibition, inducing cancer cells differentiation and apoptosis.

Chemical Structure

Saikosaponin C

CAS#20736-08-7

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 461706

Name: Saikosaponin C

CAS#: 20736-08-7

Chemical Formula: C48H78O17

Exact Mass: 926.5239

Molecular Weight: 927.13

Elemental Analysis: C, 62.18; H, 8.48; O, 29.34

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability
1mg	USD 350.00	2 weeks
5mg	USD 530.00	2 Weeks
10mg	USD 800.00	2 Weeks
20mg	USD 1,050.00	2 Weeks

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Synonym

Saikosaponin C;

IUPAC/Chemical Name

(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-2-(((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-((6aR,6bS,8R,12aS,14bS)-8-hydroxy-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,10,11,12,12a,14a,14b-hexadecahydro-1H,9H-12b,8a-(epoxymethano)picen-3-yl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)oxy)-6-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

InChi Key

IUZOALRTJNKYRZ-ANYCVEQWSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C48H78O17/c1-22-30(52)33(55)36(58)39(61-22)63-38-35(57)32(54)24(20-50)64-48(38,65-40-37(59)34(56)31(53)23(19-49)62-40)26-9-12-43(6)25(42(26,4)5)10-13-44(7)27(43)11-14-47-28-17-41(2,3)15-16-46(28,21-60-47)29(51)18-45(44,47)8/h11,14,22-40,49-59H,9-10,12-13,15-21H2,1-8H3/t22-,23+,24+,25?,26?,27?,28-,29+,30-,31+,32+,33+,34-,35-,36+,37+,38+,39-,40-,43-,44+,45-,46?,47?,48+/m0/s1

SMILES Code

C[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]2(O[C@H]3[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O3)C4CC[C@@]5(C)C(CC[C@]6(C)C5C=CC78[C@@]6(C)C[C@@H](O)C9(CO8)[C@@H]7CC(C)(C)CC9)C4(C)C)O1

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life

>3 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.03.00

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

Saikosaponin C targets amyloid beta and tau in Alzheimer's disease. Saikosaponin C inhibits the secretion of both Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42, and suppresses abnormal tau phosphorylation, but shows no effect on BACE1 activity and expression.

In vitro activity:

Saikosaponin C may offer a promising therapy for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. It reduces Aβ peptide release, does not impact BACE1, inhibits abnormal tau phosphorylation, promotes neurite growth and microtubules, and enhances synaptic markers like synaptophysin and PSD-95. Saikosaponin C has potential as a multifaceted therapeutic agent. Reference: J Neurochem. 2016 Mar;136(6):1232-1245. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26710244/

In vivo activity:

Saikosaponin C attenuated chronic social defeat stress-induced depression-like behavior in a murine model. Saikosaponin C alleviated depressive-like behavior; inhibited inflammatory cytokine levels; increased dendritic spine density; promoted synaptic plasticity; downregulated IL-6, STAT3 and DNMT1 expression; decreased the percentage of monocytes in peripheral blood; and suppressed neuroinflammation. Reference: Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May;118:110043. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36965369/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	DMSO	100.0	107.86

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 927.13 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Pan Y, Ke Z, Ye H, Sun L, Ding X, Shen Y, Zhang R, Yuan J. Saikosaponin C exerts anti-HBV effects by attenuating HNF1α and HNF4α expression to suppress HBV pgRNA synthesis. Inflamm Res. 2019 Dec;68(12):1025-1034. doi: 10.1007/s00011-019-01284-2. Epub 2019 Sep 17. PMID: 31531682; PMCID: PMC7079752. 2. Lee TH, Park S, You MH, Lim JH, Min SH, Kim BM. A potential therapeutic effect of saikosaponin C as a novel dual-target anti-Alzheimer agent. J Neurochem. 2016 Mar;136(6):1232-1245. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13515. Epub 2016 Jan 21. PMID: 26710244. 3. Bai Z, Gao T, Zhang R, Lu Y, Tian J, Wang T, Zhao K, Wang H. Inhibition of IL-6 methylation by Saikosaponin C regulates neuroinflammation to alleviate depression. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May;118:110043. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110043. Epub 2023 Mar 23. PMID: 36965369.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Bai Z, Gao T, Zhang R, Lu Y, Tian J, Wang T, Zhao K, Wang H. Inhibition of IL-6 methylation by Saikosaponin C regulates neuroinflammation to alleviate depression. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May;118:110043. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110043. Epub 2023 Mar 23. PMID: 36965369.

1: Chen X, Wu H, Li P, Peng W, Wang Y, Zhang X, Zhang A, Li J, Meng F, Wang W, Su W. Unraveling the Mechanism of Xiaochaihu Granules in Alleviating Yeast- Induced Fever Based on Network Analysis and Experimental Validation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 Apr 8;17(4):475. doi: 10.3390/ph17040475. PMID: 38675434; PMCID: PMC11053540. 2: Chen S, Wang K, Wang H, Gao Y, Nie K, Jiang X, Su H, Tang Y, Lu F, Dong H, Wang Z. The therapeutic effects of saikosaponins on depression through the modulation of neuroplasticity: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. Pharmacol Res. 2024 Mar;201:107090. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107090. Epub 2024 Feb 1. PMID: 38309381. 3: Ganapathy AA, Haripriya VM, Acharya N, Somappa SB, Kumaran A. Ethnobotanical significance of medicinal plants: Beta-amyloid and tau aggregation inhibitors against Alzheimer's disease. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2023 Jun;37(6):e23339. doi: 10.1002/jbt.23339. Epub 2023 Apr 3. PMID: 37009720. 4: Bai Z, Gao T, Zhang R, Lu Y, Tian J, Wang T, Zhao K, Wang H. Inhibition of IL-6 methylation by Saikosaponin C regulates neuroinflammation to alleviate depression. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023 May;118:110043. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110043. Epub 2023 Mar 23. PMID: 36965369. 5: Wu S, Li HM, Bing YF, Zheng Y, Li WL, Zou X, Qu ZY. Bupleurum scorzonerifolium: Systematic research through pharmacodynamics and serum pharmacochemistry on screening antidepressant Q-markers for quality control. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2023 Feb 20;225:115202. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115202. Epub 2022 Dec 19. PMID: 36586383. 6: Xiao LX, Zhou HN, Jiao ZY. Present and Future Prospects of the Anti-cancer Activities of Saikosaponins. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2022;23(1):2-14. doi: 10.2174/1568009622666220806121008. PMID: 35946101. 7: Ahn SS, Lee YH, Yeo H, Jung E, Lim Y, Shin SY. Saikosaponin A and Saikosaponin C Reduce TNF-α-Induced TSLP Expression through Inhibition of MAPK- Mediated EGR1 Expression in HaCaT Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 27;23(9):4857. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094857. PMID: 35563251; PMCID: PMC9105331. 8: Chen GY, Pan YC, Wu TY, Yao TY, Wang WJ, Shen WJ, Ahmed A, Chan ST, Tang CH, Huang WC, Hung MC, Yang JC, Wu YC. Potential natural products that target the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein identified by structure-based virtual screening, isothermal titration calorimetry and lentivirus particles pseudotyped (Vpp) infection assay. J Tradit Complement Med. 2022 Jan;12(1):73-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.09.002. Epub 2021 Sep 16. PMID: 34549024; PMCID: PMC8443859. 9: Zhao H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Huang X, Jiang Y, Ma H, An L, Wu X, Wang Q. Quantitative 1H NMR for the Direct Quantification of Saikosaponins in Bupleurum chinense DC. Anal Sci. 2021 Oct 10;37(10):1413-1418. doi: 10.2116/analsci.20P462. Epub 2021 Mar 26. PMID: 33775977. 10: Chikhale R, Sinha SK, Wanjari M, Gurav NS, Ayyanar M, Prasad S, Khanal P, Dey YN, Patil RB, Gurav SS. Computational assessment of saikosaponins as adjuvant treatment for COVID-19: molecular docking, dynamics, and network pharmacology analysis. Mol Divers. 2021 Aug;25(3):1889-1904. doi: 10.1007/s11030-021-10183-w. Epub 2021 Jan 25. PMID: 33492566; PMCID: PMC7829483. 11: Xu Y, Yu Y, Wang Q, Li W, Zhang S, Liao X, Liu Y, Su Y, Zhao M, Zhang J. Active components of Bupleurum chinense and Angelica biserrata showed analgesic effects in formalin induced pain by acting on Nav1.7. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Apr 6;269:113736. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113736. Epub 2020 Dec 25. PMID: 33359917. 12: Lin CY, Lee JA, Lin PY, Hua SC, Tsai PY, Chen BL, Lin CE, Lee TH, Chen SM. Utilizing methylglyoxal and D-lactate in urine to evaluate saikosaponin C treatment in mice with accelerated nephrotoxic serum nephritis. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 26;15(10):e0241053. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241053. PMID: 33104740; PMCID: PMC7588094. 13: Gao X, Li Y, Meng M, Wang P, Feng Y, Jia J, Qin X. Exploration of chemical composition and absorption characteristics of Chaigui granules based on UHPLC-Q- orbitrap-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2020 Aug 5;187:113293. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113293. Epub 2020 Apr 9. PMID: 32446142. 14: Maccioni P, Lorrai I, Fara F, Carai MAM, Gessa GL, Chin YW, Lee JH, Kwon HC, Corelli F, Colombo G. Differential Effects of Saikosaponins A, B2, B4, C and D on Alcohol and Chocolate Self-Administration in Rats. Alcohol Alcohol. 2020 Jun 25;55(4):367-373. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa049. PMID: 32441305. 15: Li X, Ke Z, Lian D, Yuan J, Pan Y. Combination of saikosaponin c and telbivudine synergistically enhances the anti-HBV activity. Inflamm Res. 2020 Jun;69(6):545-547. doi: 10.1007/s00011-020-01336-y. Epub 2020 Apr 20. PMID: 32313973. 16: Li D, Liu D, Yue D, Gao P, Du C, Liu X, Zhang L. Network pharmacology and RNA sequencing studies on triterpenoid saponins from Bupleurum chinense for the treatment of breast cancer. RSC Adv. 2019 Dec 12;9(70):41088-41098. doi: 10.1039/c9ra08970e. PMID: 35540038; PMCID: PMC9076385. 17: Pan Y, Ke Z, Ye H, Sun L, Ding X, Shen Y, Zhang R, Yuan J. Saikosaponin C exerts anti-HBV effects by attenuating HNF1α and HNF4α expression to suppress HBV pgRNA synthesis. Inflamm Res. 2019 Dec;68(12):1025-1034. doi: 10.1007/s00011-019-01284-2. Epub 2019 Sep 17. PMID: 31531682; PMCID: PMC7079752. 18: Tao Y, Huang S, Yan J, Cai B. A reliable LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of five bioactive saponins of crude and processed Bupleurum scorzonerifolium in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr. 2019 Sep;33(9):e4570. doi: 10.1002/bmc.4570. Epub 2019 May 22. PMID: 31049981. 19: Xu M, Xu Z, Xu Q, Zhang H, Liu M, Geng F, Zhang N. UPLC-MS/MS Method for the Determination of 14 Compounds in Rat Plasma and Its Application in a Pharmacokinetic Study of Orally Administered Xiaoyao Powder. Molecules. 2018 Sep 30;23(10):2514. doi: 10.3390/molecules23102514. PMID: 30274372; PMCID: PMC6222316. 20: Feng L, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhao R. Saikosaponins A, C and D enhance liver- targeting effects of anticancer drugs by modulating drug transporters. Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 23;8(66):110092-110102. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22639. PMID: 29299132; PMCID: PMC5746367.