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MedKoo Cat#: 329894 | Name: Alagebrium Chloride
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Alagebrium Chloride, also known as ALT711, was a drug candidate developed by Alteon, Inc. It was the first drug candidate to be clinically tested for the purpose of breaking the crosslinks caused by advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), thereby reversing one of the main mechanisms of aging. Through this effect Alagebrium is designed to reverse the stiffening of blood vessel walls that contributes to hypertension and cardiovascular disease, as well as many other forms of degradation associated with protein crosslinking. Alagebrium has proven effective in reducing systolic blood pressure and providing therapeutic benefit for patients with diastolic

Chemical Structure

Alagebrium Chloride
CAS#341028-37-3 (chloride)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 329894

Name: Alagebrium Chloride

CAS#: 341028-37-3 (chloride)

Chemical Formula: C13H14ClNOS

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 267.77

Elemental Analysis: C, 58.31; H, 5.27; Cl, 13.24; N, 5.23; O, 5.97; S, 11.97

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
250mg USD 350.00 2 Weeks
1g USD 650.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
181069-80-7 (bromide) 393121-34-1 (cation) 341028-37-3 (chloride)
Synonym
Alagebrium Chloride; ALT711; ALT-711; ALT 711.
IUPAC/Chemical Name
4,5-Dimethyl-3-(2-oxo-2-phenylethyl)thiazolium chloride
InChi Key
MKOMESMZHZNBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C13H14NOS.ClH/c1-10-11(2)16-9-14(10)8-13(15)12-6-4-3-5-7-12;/h3-7,9H,8H2,1-2H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
SMILES Code
O=C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C[N+]2=CSC(C)=C2C.[Cl-]
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Alagebrium chloride (ALT711) is an advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitor.
In vitro activity:
Incubation of H9C2 with either MG (30 μM) (Fig. 2A) or high glucose (25 mM) (Fig. 2B) for 24 h significantly increased the level of cellular MG to a similar extent, which was prevented by co-incubation with ALA (Alagebrium) (100 μM) (Fig. 2A and B). Incubation of cultured H9C2 with either high glucose (25 mM) (Fig. 3A) or MG (30 μM) (Fig. 3B) for 24 h significantly increased reactive oxygen species, measured as oxidized DCF, which was attenuated by ALA (100 μM) co-incubated with high glucose or MG (Fig. 3). ALA alone did not affect basal DCF levels. Reference: Life Sci. 2016 Feb 1;146:8-14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26772824/
In vivo activity:
Blood glucose concentration was significantly elevated in ZO and ZD compared with ZL rats. Although there was a trend toward decreased blood glucose concentration for all rats with ALT-711, this decrease did not reach significance, and values remained elevated compared with ZL rats (Table 2). Mean BF was decreased in ZD compared with ZL rats but increased to ZL levels after ALT-711 treatment (Fig. 1). ALT-711 also increased BF in ZO rats. ALT-711 treatment reduced distal vascular resistance in ZD rats (Fig. 1). Reference: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2015 Oct; 309(7): H1130–H1140. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4865061/
Solvent mg/mL mM comments
Solubility
DMSO 25.0 93.36
Water 50.0 186.73
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 267.77 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Chen Y, Niu W, Chao YC, He Z, Ding R, Wu F, Liang C. Alagebrium targets the miR-27b/TSP-1 signaling pathway to rescue Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Am J Transl Res. 2019 Mar 15;11(3):1569-1580. PMID: 30972183; PMCID: PMC6456531. 2. Dhar A, Dhar I, Bhat A, Desai KM. Alagebrium attenuates methylglyoxal induced oxidative stress and AGE formation in H9C2 cardiac myocytes. Life Sci. 2016 Feb 1;146:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Jan 6. PMID: 26772824. 3. Wang H, Weihrauch D, Kersten JR, Toth JM, Passerini AG, Rajamani A, Schrepfer S, LaDisa JF Jr. Alagebrium inhibits neointimal hyperplasia and restores distributions of wall shear stress by reducing downstream vascular resistance in obese and diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2015 Oct;309(7):H1130-40. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00123.2014. Epub 2015 Aug 7. PMID: 26254329; PMCID: PMC4865061. 4. Watson AM, Gray SP, Jiaze L, Soro-Paavonen A, Wong B, Cooper ME, Bierhaus A, Pickering R, Tikellis C, Tsorotes D, Thomas MC, Jandeleit-Dahm KA. Alagebrium reduces glomerular fibrogenesis and inflammation beyond preventing RAGE activation in diabetic apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Diabetes. 2012 Aug;61(8):2105-13. doi: 10.2337/db11-1546. Epub 2012 Jun 14. PMID: 22698914; PMCID: PMC3402321.
In vitro protocol:
1. Chen Y, Niu W, Chao YC, He Z, Ding R, Wu F, Liang C. Alagebrium targets the miR-27b/TSP-1 signaling pathway to rescue Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine-induced endothelial dysfunction. Am J Transl Res. 2019 Mar 15;11(3):1569-1580. PMID: 30972183; PMCID: PMC6456531. 2. Dhar A, Dhar I, Bhat A, Desai KM. Alagebrium attenuates methylglyoxal induced oxidative stress and AGE formation in H9C2 cardiac myocytes. Life Sci. 2016 Feb 1;146:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Jan 6. PMID: 26772824.
In vivo protocol:
1. Wang H, Weihrauch D, Kersten JR, Toth JM, Passerini AG, Rajamani A, Schrepfer S, LaDisa JF Jr. Alagebrium inhibits neointimal hyperplasia and restores distributions of wall shear stress by reducing downstream vascular resistance in obese and diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2015 Oct;309(7):H1130-40. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00123.2014. Epub 2015 Aug 7. PMID: 26254329; PMCID: PMC4865061. 2. Watson AM, Gray SP, Jiaze L, Soro-Paavonen A, Wong B, Cooper ME, Bierhaus A, Pickering R, Tikellis C, Tsorotes D, Thomas MC, Jandeleit-Dahm KA. Alagebrium reduces glomerular fibrogenesis and inflammation beyond preventing RAGE activation in diabetic apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Diabetes. 2012 Aug;61(8):2105-13. doi: 10.2337/db11-1546. Epub 2012 Jun 14. PMID: 22698914; PMCID: PMC3402321.
1: Toprak C, Sirmagul B, Yigitaslan S. Functional Effects of Alagebrium (ALT-711)-Isolated Rat Carotid Artery. Eurasian J Med. 2017 Oct;49(3):188-192. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2017.17046. PubMed PMID: 29123442; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5665628. 2: Prasad K, Mishra M. Do Advanced Glycation End Products and Its Receptor Play a Role in Pathophysiology of Hypertension? Int J Angiol. 2017 Mar;26(1):1-11. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1598183. Epub 2017 Feb 3. Review. PubMed PMID: 28255209; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5330762. 3: Kim J, Kim CS, Kim YS, Lee IS, Kim JS. Jakyakgamcho-tang and Its Major Component, Paeonia Lactiflora, Exhibit Potent Anti-glycation Properties. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem. 2016 Dec 31;20(4):60-64. doi: 10.20463/jenb.2016.0049. PubMed PMID: 28150470; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5545203. 4: Li S, Ding YF, Yin H, Wang C, Bardelang D, Wang LH, Wang R. Encapsulation of AGE-Breaker Alagebrium by Cucurbit[7]uril Improved the Stability of Both Its Carbonyl α-Hydrogen and Thiazolium C2-Hydrogen. Chem Asian J. 2016 Nov 7;11(21):3126-3133. doi: 10.1002/asia.201601153. Epub 2016 Oct 12. PubMed PMID: 27605465. 5: Dhar A, Udumula MP, Medapi B, Bhat A, Dhar I, Malapati P, Babu MS, Kalra J, Sriram D, Desai KM. Pharmacological evaluation of novel alagebrium analogs as methylglyoxal scavengers in vitro in cardiac myocytes and in vivo in SD rats. Int J Cardiol. 2016 Nov 15;223:581-589. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.243. Epub 2016 Aug 15. PubMed PMID: 27561164. 6: Carrick-Ranson G, Fujimoto N, Shafer KM, Hastings JL, Shibata S, Palmer MD, Boyd K, Levine BD. The effect of 1 year of Alagebrium and moderate-intensity exercise training on left ventricular function during exercise in seniors: a randomized controlled trial. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2016 Aug 1;121(2):528-36. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00021.2016. Epub 2016 Jul 8. PubMed PMID: 27402556. 7: Borg DJ, Forbes JM. Targeting advanced glycation with pharmaceutical agents: where are we now? Glycoconj J. 2016 Aug;33(4):653-70. doi: 10.1007/s10719-016-9691-1. Epub 2016 Jul 9. Review. PubMed PMID: 27392438. 8: Atlı Ö, Ilgın S, Ergun B, Burukoğlu D, Musmul A, Sırmagül B. Matrix metalloproteinases are possible targets in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension: investigation of anti-remodeling effects of alagebrium and everolimus. Anatol J Cardiol. 2017 Jan;17(1):8-17. doi: 10.14744/AnatolJCardiol.2016.6891. Epub 2016 Apr 26. PubMed PMID: 27182612; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5324875. 9: Nenna A, Nappi F, Chello M, Spadaccio C. Targeting Advanced Glycation End Products in Cardiac Surgery: The Unexplored Alternative. Res Cardiovasc Med. 2016 Mar 5;5(2):e31707. doi: 10.5812/cardiovascmed.31707. eCollection 2016 May. PubMed PMID: 26949696; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4756255. 10: Dhar A, Dhar I, Bhat A, Desai KM. Alagebrium attenuates methylglyoxal induced oxidative stress and AGE formation in H9C2 cardiac myocytes. Life Sci. 2016 Feb 1;146:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Jan 6. PubMed PMID: 26772824. 11: Chiu CY, Yang RS, Sheu ML, Chan DC, Yang TH, Tsai KS, Chiang CK, Liu SH. Advanced glycation end-products induce skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction in diabetic mice via a RAGE-mediated, AMPK-down-regulated, Akt pathway. J Pathol. 2016 Feb;238(3):470-82. doi: 10.1002/path.4674. Epub 2015 Dec 31. PubMed PMID: 26586640. 12: Siegman MJ, Eto M, Butler TM. Remodeling of the rat distal colon in diabetes: function and ultrastructure. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2016 Jan 15;310(2):C151-60. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00253.2015. Epub 2015 Nov 11. PubMed PMID: 26561639; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4719031. 13: Fischer T. [Pharmacological therapy of age-related macular degeneration based on etiopathogenesis]. Orv Hetil. 2015 Nov 15;156(46):1847-58. doi: 10.1556/650.2015.30207. Review. Hungarian. PubMed PMID: 26548469. 14: Zakaria MN, El-Bassossy HM, Barakat W. Targeting AGEs Signaling Ameliorates Central Nervous System Diabetic Complications in Rats. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2015;2015:346259. doi: 10.1155/2015/346259. Epub 2015 Sep 29. PubMed PMID: 26491434; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4603311. 15: Nenna A, Nappi F, Avtaar Singh SS, Sutherland FW, Di Domenico F, Chello M, Spadaccio C. Pharmacologic Approaches Against Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease. Res Cardiovasc Med. 2015 May 23;4(2):e26949. doi: 10.5812/cardiovascmed.4(2)2015.26949. eCollection 2015 May. Review. PubMed PMID: 26393232; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4571620. 16: Wang H, Weihrauch D, Kersten JR, Toth JM, Passerini AG, Rajamani A, Schrepfer S, LaDisa JF Jr. Alagebrium inhibits neointimal hyperplasia and restores distributions of wall shear stress by reducing downstream vascular resistance in obese and diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2015 Oct;309(7):H1130-40. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00123.2014. Epub 2015 Aug 7. PubMed PMID: 26254329; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4865061. 17: Cadau S, Leoty-Okombi S, Pain S, Bechetoille N, André-Frei V, Berthod F. In vitro glycation of an endothelialized and innervated tissue-engineered skin to screen anti-AGE molecules. Biomaterials. 2015 May;51:216-25. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.066. Epub 2015 Feb 19. PubMed PMID: 25771012. 18: Kim J, Kim CS, Moon MK, Kim JS. Epicatechin breaks preformed glycated serum albumin and reverses the retinal accumulation of advanced glycation end products. Eur J Pharmacol. 2015 Feb 5;748:108-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.12.010. Epub 2014 Dec 19. PubMed PMID: 25530268. 19: Miyamoto M, Kotani K, Taniguchi N. Effect of non-antihypertensive drugs on endothelial function in hypertensive subjects evaluated by flow-mediated vasodilation. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2015;13(1):121-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 25440598. 20: Kyriazis M. The impracticality of biomedical rejuvenation therapies: translational and pharmacological barriers. Rejuvenation Res. 2014 Aug;17(4):390-6. doi: 10.1089/rej.2014.1588. PubMed PMID: 25072550; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4142774.