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MedKoo Cat#: 318458 | Name: Paroxetine Hydrochloride
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Paroxetine is a potent and one of the most specific selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).It acts by binding to ST (serotonin transporter/SERT) with high affinity. Paroxetine binds to the pre-synaptic serotonin transporter complex resulting in negative allosteric modulation of the complex thereby blocking reuptake of serotonin by the pre-synaptic transporter. Paroxetine HCl has also displayed a high affinity for muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.

Chemical Structure

Paroxetine Hydrochloride
Paroxetine Hydrochloride
CAS#78246-49-8 (HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 318458

Name: Paroxetine Hydrochloride

CAS#: 78246-49-8 (HCl)

Chemical Formula: C19H21ClFNO3

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 365.83

Elemental Analysis: C, 62.38; H, 5.79; Cl, 9.69; F, 5.19; N, 3.83; O, 13.12

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
100mg USD 150.00 Ready to ship
200mg USD 250.00 Ready to ship
500mg USD 450.00 Ready to ship
1g USD 750.00 Ready to ship
2g USD 1,050.00 Ready to ship
5g USD 1,650.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
61869-08-7 (free base) 64006-44-6 (maleate) 78246-49-8 (HCl) 72471-80-8 (acetate) 217797-14-3 (mesylate) 110429-35-1 (HCl hydrate)
Synonym
Paroxetine Hydrochloride; Paroxetine Hcl; Paroxat; Aropax 20; (3S,4R)-3-((Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yloxy)methyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine hydrochloride; Paxil; Seroxat;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
(3S,4R)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxymethyl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)piperidine;hydrochloride
InChi Key
GELRVIPPMNMYGS-RVXRQPKJSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C19H20FNO3.ClH/c20-15-3-1-13(2-4-15)17-7-8-21-10-14(17)11-22-16-5-6-18-19(9-16)24-12-23-18;/h1-6,9,14,17,21H,7-8,10-12H2;1H/t14-,17-;/m0./s1
SMILES Code
C1CNCC(C1C2=CC=C(C=C2)F)COC3=CC4=C(C=C3)OCO4.Cl
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Certificate of Analysis
View CoA: current batch, Lot#C23B05B17
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
View Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Paroxetine hydrochloride is a potent selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor, commonly prescribed as an GRK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 14 μM.
In vitro activity:
Paroxetine significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β. Further analysis showed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-1β were attenuated by paroxetine pretreatment. Analyses in signaling pathways demonstrated that paroxetine led to suppression of LPS-induced JNK1/2 activation and baseline ERK1/2 activity, but had little effect on the activation of p38 and p65/NF-κB. Reference: J Neuroinflammation. 2014 Mar 12;11:47. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24618100/
In vivo activity:
This study investigated whether paroxetine reduces myocardial ROS formation and LV remodeling following a MI. Diastolic LV volume, evaluated by MRI (417 ± 60 vs. 511 ± 64 µL, p < 0.05), and echocardiography (515 ± 80 vs. 596 ± 83 µL, p < 0.05) as well as diastolic LV internal diameter evaluated with echocardiography (7.2 ± 0.6 vs. 8.1 ± 0.7 mm, p < 0.05) were lower in the paroxetine group than in controls. Furthermore, myocyte cross-sectional area was reduced in the paroxetine group compared with controls (277 ± 26 vs. 354 ± 23 mm3, p < 0.05) and ROS formation was reduced in the remote myocardium (0.415 ± 0.19 normalized to controls, p < 0.05). Finally, paroxetine reduced the susceptibility to ventricular tachycardia (induced in 2/11 vs. 6/8 rats, p < 0.05). Paroxetine treatment following MI decreases LV remodeling and susceptibility to arrhythmias, probably by reducing ROS formation. Reference: Basic Res Cardiol. 2017 May;112(3):26. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28349259/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMF 33.0 90.21
DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:10) 0.1 0.25
DMSO 64.3 175.86
Ethanol 27.5 75.17
Water 7.5 20.50
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 365.83 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Wang Q, Wang L, Wu L, Zhang M, Hu S, Wang R, Han Y, Wu Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Sun W, Wei W. Paroxetine alleviates T lymphocyte activation and infiltration to joints of collagen-induced arthritis. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 28;7:45364. doi: 10.1038/srep45364. PMID: 28349925; PMCID: PMC5368980. 2. Liu RP, Zou M, Wang JY, Zhu JJ, Lai JM, Zhou LL, Chen SF, Zhang X, Zhu JH. Paroxetine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation via differential regulation of MAPK signaling. J Neuroinflammation. 2014 Mar 12;11:47. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-47. PMID: 24618100; PMCID: PMC3995780. 3. Lassen TR, Nielsen JM, Johnsen J, Ringgaard S, Bøtker HE, Kristiansen SB. Effect of paroxetine on left ventricular remodeling in an in vivo rat model of myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol. 2017 May;112(3):26. doi: 10.1007/s00395-017-0614-5. Epub 2017 Mar 27. PMID: 28349259. 4. Zarei M, Sabetkasaei M, Moini Zanjani T. Paroxetine attenuates the development and existing pain in a rat model of neurophatic pain. Iran Biomed J. 2014;18(2):94-100. doi: 10.6091/ibj.1282.2013. PMID: 24518550; PMCID: PMC3933918.
In vitro protocol:
1. Wang Q, Wang L, Wu L, Zhang M, Hu S, Wang R, Han Y, Wu Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Sun W, Wei W. Paroxetine alleviates T lymphocyte activation and infiltration to joints of collagen-induced arthritis. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 28;7:45364. doi: 10.1038/srep45364. PMID: 28349925; PMCID: PMC5368980. 2. Liu RP, Zou M, Wang JY, Zhu JJ, Lai JM, Zhou LL, Chen SF, Zhang X, Zhu JH. Paroxetine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation via differential regulation of MAPK signaling. J Neuroinflammation. 2014 Mar 12;11:47. doi: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-47. PMID: 24618100; PMCID: PMC3995780.
In vivo protocol:
1. Lassen TR, Nielsen JM, Johnsen J, Ringgaard S, Bøtker HE, Kristiansen SB. Effect of paroxetine on left ventricular remodeling in an in vivo rat model of myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol. 2017 May;112(3):26. doi: 10.1007/s00395-017-0614-5. Epub 2017 Mar 27. PMID: 28349259. 2. Zarei M, Sabetkasaei M, Moini Zanjani T. Paroxetine attenuates the development and existing pain in a rat model of neurophatic pain. Iran Biomed J. 2014;18(2):94-100. doi: 10.6091/ibj.1282.2013. PMID: 24518550; PMCID: PMC3933918.
1: Wang Y, Zhang A, Dilinuer A, Hao L, Hu Z, Jia W. Meta-analysis of acupuncture combined with paroxetine in the treatment of depression. Am J Transl Res. 2022 Dec 15;14(12):8429-8436. PMID: 36628233; PMCID: PMC9827301. 2: Zeng M, Gong A, Wu Z. Paroxetine combined with traditional chinese medicine prescriptions in the treatment of postpartum depression: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2022 Oct;67:101019. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2022.101019. Epub 2022 Aug 1. PMID: 35926637. 3: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006–. Paroxetine. 2022 May 15. PMID: 30000249. 4: David PS, Smith TL, Nordhues HC, Kling JM. A Clinical Review on Paroxetine and Emerging Therapies for the Treatment of Vasomotor Symptoms. Int J Womens Health. 2022 Mar 10;14:353-361. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S282396. PMID: 35300283; PMCID: PMC8921794. 5: Mother To Baby | Fact Sheets [Internet]. Brentwood (TN): Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS); 1994–. Paroxetine. 2021 Mar 1. PMID: 35952169. 6: Kowalska M, Nowaczyk J, Fijałkowski Ł, Nowaczyk A. Paroxetine-Overview of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 7;22(4):1662. doi: 10.3390/ijms22041662. PMID: 33562229; PMCID: PMC7914979. 7: Santos J, Proença MF, Rodrigues AJ, Patrício P, Domingues HS. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of the Antidepressant Paroxetine. Curr Med Chem. 2021;28(15):2960-2973. doi: 10.2174/0929867327666201026144848. PMID: 33106133. 8: LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012–. Paroxetine. 2020 Apr 8. PMID: 31643629. 9: Li L, Han Z, Li L, Han L, Yan B. Effectiveness of Paroxetine for Poststroke Depression: A Meta-Analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 May;29(5):104664. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104664. Epub 2020 Feb 21. PMID: 32093988. 10: Feduccia AA, Jerome L, Yazar-Klosinski B, Emerson A, Mithoefer MC, Doblin R. Breakthrough for Trauma Treatment: Safety and Efficacy of MDMA-Assisted Psychotherapy Compared to Paroxetine and Sertraline. Front Psychiatry. 2019 Sep 12;10:650. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00650. PMID: 31572236; PMCID: PMC6751381. 11: Nevels RM, Gontkovsky ST, Williams BE. Paroxetine-The Antidepressant from Hell? Probably Not, But Caution Required. Psychopharmacol Bull. 2016 Mar 1;46(1):77-104. PMID: 27738376; PMCID: PMC5044489. 12: Wei D, Chen Y, Wu C, Wu Q, Yao L, Wang Q, Wang XQ, Yang KH. Effect and safety of paroxetine for vasomotor symptoms: systematic review and meta- analysis. BJOG. 2016 Oct;123(11):1735-43. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.13951. Epub 2016 Apr 7. PMID: 27062457. 13: Bérard A, Iessa N, Chaabane S, Muanda FT, Boukhris T, Zhao JP. The risk of major cardiac malformations associated with paroxetine use during the first trimester of pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Apr;81(4):589-604. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12849. Epub 2016 Jan 26. PMID: 26613360; PMCID: PMC4799922. 14: Bhat IA, Shannon KD, Ara A, Coe I. Ninety-six hours ordeal of priapism induced by paroxetine--A case report and literature review. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2015;50(3):326-34. doi: 10.1177/0091217415610312. Epub 2015 Oct 5. PMID: 26443710. 15: Carroll DG, Lisenby KM, Carter TL. Critical appraisal of paroxetine for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. Int J Womens Health. 2015 Jun 18;7:615-24. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S50804. PMID: 26124682; PMCID: PMC4476484. 16: Slaton RM, Champion MN, Palmore KB. A review of paroxetine for the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. J Pharm Pract. 2015 Jun;28(3):266-74. doi: 10.1177/0897190014544785. Epub 2014 Aug 8. PMID: 25107421. 17: Carris N, Kutner S, Reilly-Rogers S. New pharmacological therapies for vasomotor symptom management: focus on bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogens and paroxetine mesylate. Ann Pharmacother. 2014 Oct;48(10):1343-9. doi: 10.1177/1060028014543099. Epub 2014 Jul 15. PMID: 25028744. 18: Purgato M, Papola D, Gastaldon C, Trespidi C, Magni LR, Rizzo C, Furukawa TA, Watanabe N, Cipriani A, Barbui C. Paroxetine versus other anti-depressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Apr 3;2014(4):CD006531. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006531.pub2. PMID: 24696195; PMCID: PMC10091826. 19: Weber L, Thacker HL. Paroxetine: a first for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors - a new use: approved for vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women. Womens Health (Lond). 2014 Mar;10(2):147-54. doi: 10.2217/whe.14.3. PMID: 24601805. 20: Sanchez C, Reines EH, Montgomery SA. A comparative review of escitalopram, paroxetine, and sertraline: Are they all alike? Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2014 Jul;29(4):185-96. doi: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000023. PMID: 24424469; PMCID: PMC4047306.

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