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MedKoo Cat#: 317890 | Name: Fluoxetine HCl
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Fluoxetine, also known by trade names Prozac and Sarafem among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It is used for the treatment of major depressive disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, panic disorder, and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It may decrease the risk of suicide in those over the age of 65. Fluoxetine has also been used to treat premature ejaculation. It is taken by mouth.

Chemical Structure

Fluoxetine HCl
Fluoxetine HCl
CAS#56296-78-7 (HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317890

Name: Fluoxetine HCl

CAS#: 56296-78-7 (HCl)

Chemical Formula: C17H19ClF3NO

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 345.79

Elemental Analysis: C, 59.05; H, 5.54; Cl, 10.25; F, 16.48; N, 4.05; O, 4.63

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
100mg USD 150.00 Ready to ship
200mg USD 250.00 Ready to ship
500mg USD 450.00 Ready to ship
1g USD 650.00 Ready to ship
2g USD 950.00 2 weeks
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Related CAS #
54910-89-3 (free base) 56296-78-7 (HCl) 114414-02-7 (oxalate)
Synonym
Fluoxetine, Prozac, Sarafem, Fluoxetine, Animex-On, Fluoxetin, Pulvules, Eufor, Portal
IUPAC/Chemical Name
N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)propan-1-amine hydrochloride
InChi Key
GIYXAJPCNFJEHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C17H18F3NO.ClH/c1-21-12-11-16(13-5-3-2-4-6-13)22-15-9-7-14(8-10-15)17(18,19)20;/h2-10,16,21H,11-12H2,1H3;1H
SMILES Code
FC(C1=CC=C(OC(C2=CC=CC=C2)CCNC)C=C1)(F)F.[H]Cl
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2922.39.4500
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Certificate of Analysis
View CoA: current batch, Lot#T9C10I11
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
View Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) at the neuronal membrane
In vitro activity:
Antidepressants have been demonstrated to induce activation of TRKB receptors in the brain. Moreover, fluoxetine, a widely used antidepressant, induces ocular dominance plasticity in the adult visual cortex through BDNF-TRKB signaling and reduces percentage of PNNs enwrapping PV+ interneurons in the amygdala and hippocampus, shifting PV+ interneurons toward an immature state and reopening brain plasticity. Therefore, it was questioned whether fluoxetine treatment might have an effect on TRKB:PTPσ interaction, which could potentially establish a link between antidepressant-induced pTRKB and PNNs. We cultured rat primary cortical neurons for 7 DIV and challenged them with two different doses of fluoxetine (0.1 and 1 μm) for 30 min. Fluoxetine dose-dependently reduced the interaction between TRKB and PTPσ in vitro as measured by ELISA (Fig. 3A).
In vivo activity:
To validate the dysregulated protein synthesis and eventually the synaptic morphological changes, spine numbers were measured and analyzed with Golgi staining. Significantly reduced spines numbers (Fig.5l, m) were found in LPS-administrated mice as compared to fluoxetine-treated animals. Furthermore, serotonin receptor changes were investigated through which fluoxetine act as an antidepressant. Fluoxetine treatment significantly decreased LPS-mediated 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5HT-2A) and 5HT-2C expression in the mice hippocampus (Fig. a, g, and h). Besides, accumulating studies show dysregulated HDACs consequently lead to impaired acetylation and deacetylation in translational control, which could play a key role in the pathophysiological development of MDD. We then measured HDAC1, 2, and 3 expressions in the hippocampal tissues of the experimental animals. LPS administration significantly enhanced HDAC1 expression but not HDAC2 and HDAC3 expression, which could be substantially attenuated by fluoxetine (Fig.5a, i–k).
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMF 16.0 46.27
DMSO 38.7 111.89
Ethanol 40.8 117.85
PBS (pH 7.2) 0.2 0.58
Water 36.2 104.77
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 345.79 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Lesnikova A, Casarotto PC, Fred SM, Voipio M, Winkel F, Steinzeig A, Antila H, Umemori J, Biojone C, Castrén E. Chondroitinase and Antidepressants Promote Plasticity by Releasing TRKB from Dephosphorylating Control of PTPσ in Parvalbumin Neurons. J Neurosci. 2021 Feb 3;41(5):972-980. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2228-20.2020. Epub 2020 Dec 8. PMID: 33293360; PMCID: PMC7880295. 2. Li W, Ali T, Zheng C, Liu Z, He K, Shah FA, Ren Q, Rahman SU, Li N, Yu ZJ, Li S. Fluoxetine regulates eEF2 activity (phosphorylation) via HDAC1 inhibitory mechanism in an LPS-induced mouse model of depression. J Neuroinflammation. 2021 Feb 1;18(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s12974-021-02091-5. PMID: 33526073; PMCID: PMC7852137.
In vitro protocol:
1. Lesnikova A, Casarotto PC, Fred SM, Voipio M, Winkel F, Steinzeig A, Antila H, Umemori J, Biojone C, Castrén E. Chondroitinase and Antidepressants Promote Plasticity by Releasing TRKB from Dephosphorylating Control of PTPσ in Parvalbumin Neurons. J Neurosci. 2021 Feb 3;41(5):972-980. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2228-20.2020. Epub 2020 Dec 8. PMID: 33293360; PMCID: PMC7880295.
In vivo protocol:
1. Li W, Ali T, Zheng C, Liu Z, He K, Shah FA, Ren Q, Rahman SU, Li N, Yu ZJ, Li S. Fluoxetine regulates eEF2 activity (phosphorylation) via HDAC1 inhibitory mechanism in an LPS-induced mouse model of depression. J Neuroinflammation. 2021 Feb 1;18(1):38. doi: 10.1186/s12974-021-02091-5. PMID: 33526073; PMCID: PMC7852137.
1: Di Rosso ME, Palumbo ML, Genaro AM. Immunomodulatory effects of fluoxetine: A new potential pharmacological action for a classic antidepressant drug? Pharmacol Res. 2015 Nov 28. pii: S1043-6618(15)00279-0. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.11.021. [Epub ahead of print] Review. PubMed PMID: 26644208. 2: Purgato M, Gastaldon C, Papola D, Magni LR, Rossi G, Barbui C. Drug dose as mediator of treatment effect in antidepressant drug trials: the case of fluoxetine. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2015 Jun;131(6):408-16. doi: 10.1111/acps.12381. Epub 2014 Dec 11. Review. PubMed PMID: 25495269. 3: Wang Y, Yu L, Xie J, Chen J, Wei Q. Comparative efficacies of fluoxetine and paroxetine in major depression across varying acute-phase treatment periods: a meta-analysis. Asia Pac Psychiatry. 2014 Dec;6(4):353-62. doi: 10.1111/appy.12106. Epub 2013 Oct 22. Review. PubMed PMID: 24150924. 4: Stewart AM, Grossman L, Nguyen M, Maximino C, Rosemberg DB, Echevarria DJ, Kalueff AV. Aquatic toxicology of fluoxetine: understanding the knowns and the unknowns. Aquat Toxicol. 2014 Nov;156:269-73. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.08.014. Epub 2014 Sep 6. Review. PubMed PMID: 25245382. 5: Cristancho MA, Thase ME. Drug safety evaluation of olanzapine/fluoxetine combination. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2014 Aug;13(8):1133-41. doi: 10.1517/14740338.2014.933804. Epub 2014 Jun 27. Review. PubMed PMID: 24972823. 6: Fitzgerald PJ. Forbearance for fluoxetine: do monoaminergic antidepressants require a number of years to reach maximum therapeutic effect in humans? Int J Neurosci. 2014 Jul;124(7):467-73. doi: 10.3109/00207454.2013.856010. Epub 2013 Nov 7. Review. PubMed PMID: 24131223. 7: Perez-Caballero L, Torres-Sanchez S, Bravo L, Mico JA, Berrocoso E. Fluoxetine: a case history of its discovery and preclinical development. Expert Opin Drug Discov. 2014 May;9(5):567-78. doi: 10.1517/17460441.2014.907790. Epub 2014 Apr 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 24738878. 8: Stopper H, Garcia SB, Waaga-Gasser AM, Kannen V. Antidepressant fluoxetine and its potential against colon tumors. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014 Jan 15;6(1):11-21. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v6.i1.11. Review. PubMed PMID: 24578784; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3936192. 9: Mondal S, Saha I, Das S, Ganguly A, Das D, Tripathi SK. A new logical insight and putative mechanism behind fluoxetine-induced amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia and galactorrhea in a case series. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2013 Dec;3(6):322-34. doi: 10.1177/2045125313490305. Review. PubMed PMID: 24294485; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3840809. 10: Sebaaly JC, Cox S, Hughes CM, Kennedy ML, Garris SS. Use of fluoxetine in anorexia nervosa before and after weight restoration. Ann Pharmacother. 2013 Sep;47(9):1201-5. doi: 10.1177/1060028013503127. Review. PubMed PMID: 24259736. 11: Magni LR, Purgato M, Gastaldon C, Papola D, Furukawa TA, Cipriani A, Barbui C. Fluoxetine versus other types of pharmacotherapy for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jul 17;7:CD004185. Review. PubMed PMID: 24353997. 12: Martinotti G, Sepede G, Signorelli M, Aguglia E, Di Giannantonio M. Efficacy and safety of fluoxetine monotherapy in bipolar depression: a systematic review. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2013 Jun;14(8):1065-75. doi: 10.1517/14656566.2013.783014. Epub 2013 Mar 26. Review. PubMed PMID: 23527943. 13: Silva MT, Zimmermann IR, Galvao TF, Pereira MG. Olanzapine plus fluoxetine for bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2013 Apr 25;146(3):310-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.11.001. Epub 2012 Dec 4. Review. PubMed PMID: 23218251. 14: Vizi ES, Kisfali M, Lőrincz T. Role of nonsynaptic GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in excitotoxicity: evidence that fluoxetine selectively inhibits these receptors and may have neuroprotective effects. Brain Res Bull. 2013 Apr;93:32-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.10.005. Epub 2012 Oct 23. Review. PubMed PMID: 23089362. 15: Riggin L, Frankel Z, Moretti M, Pupco A, Koren G. The fetal safety of fluoxetine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2013 Apr;35(4):362-9. Review. Erratum in: J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2013 Aug;35(8):691. PubMed PMID: 23660045. 16: Dubovsky SL. Pharmacokinetic evaluation of olanzapine + fluoxetine for the treatment of bipolar depression. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2013 Feb;9(2):207-14. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2013.761206. Epub 2013 Jan 8. Review. PubMed PMID: 23294052. 17: Kiryanova V, McAllister BB, Dyck RH. Long-term outcomes of developmental exposure to fluoxetine: a review of the animal literature. Dev Neurosci. 2013;35(6):437-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 24247012. 18: Zou C, Ding X, Flaherty JH, Dong B. Clinical efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in generalized anxiety disorder in Chinese patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2013;9:1661-70. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S38899. Epub 2013 Nov 1. Review. PubMed PMID: 24204151; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3818099. 19: Blazquez A, Mas S, Plana MT, Lafuente A, Lázaro L. Fluoxetine pharmacogenetics in child and adult populations. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012 Nov;21(11):599-610. doi: 10.1007/s00787-012-0305-6. Epub 2012 Jul 12. Review. PubMed PMID: 22791347. 20: Descarries L, Riad M. Effects of the antidepressant fluoxetine on the subcellular localization of 5-HT1A receptors and SERT. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2012 Sep 5;367(1601):2416-25. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2011.0361. Review. PubMed PMID: 22826342; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3405674.