Synonym
Admire, Admire 2F, Admire Pro, AEF 106464, AGST 03001, Alias, Alias 2F, BAY-NTN 33893, Confidor 200 O-TEQ, CCRIS 9318, Imidacloprid
IUPAC/Chemical Name
1-(6-Chloropyridin-3-ylmethyl)-N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylidenamine
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Imidacloprid is an effective and widely used neonicotinoid pesticide to control pests of cereals, vegetables, tea and cotton.
In vitro activity:
Amounts of tight junction proteins in IMI-treated colon tissues and between IMI (imidacloprid)-treated Caco-2 cells were significantly lower than those of controls. Increased levels of myosin light chain phosphorylation, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), and p65 subunit of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB p65) phosphorylation were found in IMI-exposed cells compared with control cells. Furthermore, the barrier loss caused by IMI was rescued by the MLCK inhibitor, ML-7, and cycloheximide. Pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) was inhibited by low-dose IMI treatment.
Reference: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Oct 1;222:112476. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34214772/
In vivo activity:
This study found that osthole rescued IMD (imidacloprid)-induced alteration of STF (short-term facilitation) (Figure 4B), retinal light response (Figure 4C,D), mechanosensory response (Figure 4E), and nociceptive response (Figure 4F) in Drosophila flies. These results may indicate that IMD interferes with synaptic plasticity and nerve-conduction-associated behaviors at least by mediating oxidative stress.
Reference: Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 5;23(17):10181. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36077576/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
75.5 |
295.31 |
| Ethanol |
2.0 |
7.82 |
| Water |
1.0 |
3.91 |
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
255.66
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Zhao GP, Wang XY, Li JW, Wang R, Ren FZ, Pang GF, Li YX. Imidacloprid increases intestinal permeability by disrupting tight junctions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Oct 1;222:112476. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112476. Epub 2021 Jun 30. PMID: 34214772.
2. Sevİm Ç, Taghİzadehghalehjoughİ A, Kara M. In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Imidacloprid on AChE, LDH, and GSH Levels in the L-929 Fibroblast Cell Line. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2020 Oct;17(5):506-510. doi: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.15807. Epub 2020 Oct 30. PMID: 33177931; PMCID: PMC7650733.
3. Liu CH, Chen MY, Cheng J, Chuang TN, Liu HP, Lin WY. Imidacloprid Impairs Glutamatergic Synaptic Plasticity and Desensitizes Mechanosensitive, Nociceptive, and Photogenic Response of Drosophila melanogaster by Mediating Oxidative Stress, Which Could Be Rescued by Osthole. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 5;23(17):10181. doi: 10.3390/ijms231710181. PMID: 36077576; PMCID: PMC9456553.
4. Abdelhafez HEDH, AbdAllah AA, Afify MM, Mahmoud NF, Guo J, Murad SA, Ibrahim EA. Protective action of polysaccharides from Laurencia papillose (Rhodophyta) against imidacloprid induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in male albino rats. Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2022 Jun;37(2):e2022011-0. doi: 10.5620/eaht.2022011. Epub 2022 May 10. PMID: 35878919; PMCID: PMC9314203.
In vitro protocol:
1. Zhao GP, Wang XY, Li JW, Wang R, Ren FZ, Pang GF, Li YX. Imidacloprid increases intestinal permeability by disrupting tight junctions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2021 Oct 1;222:112476. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112476. Epub 2021 Jun 30. PMID: 34214772.
2. Sevİm Ç, Taghİzadehghalehjoughİ A, Kara M. In Vitro Investigation of the Effects of Imidacloprid on AChE, LDH, and GSH Levels in the L-929 Fibroblast Cell Line. Turk J Pharm Sci. 2020 Oct;17(5):506-510. doi: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2019.15807. Epub 2020 Oct 30. PMID: 33177931; PMCID: PMC7650733.
In vivo protocol:
1. Liu CH, Chen MY, Cheng J, Chuang TN, Liu HP, Lin WY. Imidacloprid Impairs Glutamatergic Synaptic Plasticity and Desensitizes Mechanosensitive, Nociceptive, and Photogenic Response of Drosophila melanogaster by Mediating Oxidative Stress, Which Could Be Rescued by Osthole. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 5;23(17):10181. doi: 10.3390/ijms231710181. PMID: 36077576; PMCID: PMC9456553.
2. Abdelhafez HEDH, AbdAllah AA, Afify MM, Mahmoud NF, Guo J, Murad SA, Ibrahim EA. Protective action of polysaccharides from Laurencia papillose (Rhodophyta) against imidacloprid induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in male albino rats. Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2022 Jun;37(2):e2022011-0. doi: 10.5620/eaht.2022011. Epub 2022 May 10. PMID: 35878919; PMCID: PMC9314203.
1: Wiggins G, Benton E, Grant J, Kerr M, Lambdin P. Short-term Detection of Imidacloprid in Streams after Applications in Forests. J Environ Qual. 2018 May;47(3):571-578. doi: 10.2134/jeq2017.11.0446. PubMed PMID: 29864175.
2: Kawahata I, Yamakuni T. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, facilitates tyrosine hydroxylase transcription and phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase mRNA expression to enhance catecholamine synthesis and its nicotine-evoked elevation in PC12D cells. Toxicology. 2018 Feb 1;394:84-92. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.12.004. Epub 2017 Dec 12. PubMed PMID: 29246838.
3: Mahapatra B, Adak T, Patil NKB, Pandi GGP, Gowda GB, Yadav MK, Mohapatra SD, Rath PC, Munda S, Jena M. Effect of Abiotic Factors on Degradation of Imidacloprid. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017 Oct;99(4):475-480. doi: 10.1007/s00128-017-2159-6. Epub 2017 Aug 24. PubMed PMID: 28840262.
4: Sun Q, Qi W, Xiao X, Yang SH, Kim D, Yoon KS, Clark JM, Park Y. Imidacloprid Promotes High Fat Diet-Induced Adiposity in Female C57BL/6J Mice and Enhances Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes via the AMPKα-Mediated Pathway. J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Aug 9;65(31):6572-6581. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02584. Epub 2017 Jul 27. PubMed PMID: 28704996; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5576855.
5: Elzaki MEA, Miah MA, Wu M, Zhang H, Pu J, Jiang L, Han Z. Imidacloprid is degraded by CYP353D1v2, a cytochrome P450 overexpressed in a resistant strain of Laodelphax striatellus. Pest Manag Sci. 2017 Jul;73(7):1358-1363. doi: 10.1002/ps.4570. Epub 2017 Apr 24. PubMed PMID: 28296046.
6: Turcotte RM, Lagalante A, Jones J, Cook F, Elliott T, Billings AA, Park YL. Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Imidacloprid Within the Crown of Eastern Hemlock. J Insect Sci. 2017 Jan 27;17(1). pii: 22. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew120. Print 2017 Jan. PubMed PMID: 28130463; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5270400.
7: Seifrtova M, Halesova T, Sulcova K, Riddellova K, Erban T. Distributions of imidacloprid, imidacloprid-olefin and imidacloprid-urea in green plant tissues and roots of rapeseed (Brassica napus) from artificially contaminated potting soil. Pest Manag Sci. 2017 May;73(5):1010-1016. doi: 10.1002/ps.4418. Epub 2016 Sep 26. PubMed PMID: 27539937.
