MedKoo Cat#: 593087 | Name: Avenacin A 1

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Avenacin A-1 is a member of a group of naturally occurring compounds called saponins. It is found in oat plants, where it protects against fungal pathogens. Avenacin A-1, the major avenacin produced by oats, is strongly UV fluorescent and accumulates in root epidermal cells.

Chemical Structure

Avenacin A 1
Avenacin A 1
CAS#90547-90-3

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 593087

Name: Avenacin A 1

CAS#: 90547-90-3

Chemical Formula: C55H83NO21

Exact Mass: 1093.5458

Molecular Weight: 1094.26

Elemental Analysis: Chemical Formula: Exact Mass: Molecular Weight: Elemental Analysis: C, 60.37; H, 7.65; N, 1.28; O, 30.70

Price and Availability

This product is currently not in stock but may be available through custom synthesis. To ensure cost efficiency, the minimum order quantity is 1 gram. The estimated lead time is 2 to 4 months, with pricing dependent on the complexity of the synthesis (typically high for intricate chemistries). Quotes for quantities below 1 gram will not be provided. To request a quote, please click the button below. Note: If this product becomes available in stock in the future, pricing will be listed accordingly.
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Synonym
Avenacin A 1
IUPAC/Chemical Name
Oleanan-29-al, 12,13-epoxy-3-((O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-4))-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl)oxy)-16,23-dihydroxy-21-((2-(methylamino)benzoyl)oxy)-, (3beta,4alpha,12beta,16beta,20beta,21beta)-
InChi Key
SYXUBXTYGFJFEH-XKAKYSBSSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C55H83NO21/c1-49(23-59)17-32-51(3,19-36(49)74-45(69)25-10-8-9-11-26(25)56-7)33(61)18-54(6)53(5)15-12-30-50(2,31(53)16-35-55(32,54)77-35)14-13-34(52(30,4)24-60)75-48-44(76-47-43(68)41(66)38(63)28(21-58)72-47)39(64)29(22-70-48)73-46-42(67)40(65)37(62)27(20-57)71-46/h8-11,23,27-44,46-48,56-58,60-68H,12-22,24H2,1-7H3/t27-,28+,29-,30+,31-,32+,33+,34+,35-,36+,37+,38-,39-,40+,41-,42+,43-,44-,46-,47-,48+,49-,50-,51+,52+,53-,54+,55-/m1/s1
SMILES Code
O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)[C@@H]1CO[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@](C)(CO)[C@@H]3[C@@]([C@@H]4[C@@](CC3)([C@@]3(C)[C@@]5(O[C@@H]5C4)[C@@H]4[C@@](C)([C@@H](O)C3)C[C@@H]([C@@](C)(C=O)C4)OC(c3c(cccc3)NC)=O)C)(C)CC2)[C@@H]([C@@H]1O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O1)CO)O)O)O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.03.00
More Info

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 1,094.26 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
1: Kemen AC, Honkanen S, Melton RE, Findlay KC, Mugford ST, Hayashi K, Haralampidis K, Rosser SJ, Osbourn A. Investigation of triterpene synthesis and regulation in oats reveals a role for β-amyrin in determining root epidermal cell patterning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 10;111(23):8679-84. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1401553111. Epub 2014 May 27. PubMed PMID: 24912185; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4060722. 2: Mugford ST, Louveau T, Melton R, Qi X, Bakht S, Hill L, Tsurushima T, Honkanen S, Rosser SJ, Lomonossoff GP, Osbourn A. Modularity of plant metabolic gene clusters: a trio of linked genes that are collectively required for acylation of triterpenes in oat. Plant Cell. 2013 Mar;25(3):1078-92. doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.110551. Epub 2013 Mar 26. Erratum in: Plant Cell. 2013 Sep;25(9):3632. PubMed PMID: 23532069; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3634678. 3: Owatworakit A, Townsend B, Louveau T, Jenner H, Rejzek M, Hughes RK, Saalbach G, Qi X, Bakht S, Roy AD, Mugford ST, Goss RJ, Field RA, Osbourn A. Glycosyltransferases from oat (Avena) implicated in the acylation of avenacins. J Biol Chem. 2013 Feb 8;288(6):3696-704. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.426155. Epub 2012 Dec 20. Erratum in: J Biol Chem. 2013 Jul 5;288(27):19644. PubMed PMID: 23258535; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3567625. 4: Kunii M, Kitahama Y, Fukushima EO, Seki H, Muranaka T, Yoshida Y, Aoyama Y. β-Amyrin oxidation by oat CYP51H10 expressed heterologously in yeast cells: the first example of CYP51-dependent metabolism other than the 14-demethylation of sterol precursors. Biol Pharm Bull. 2012;35(5):801-4. PubMed PMID: 22687421. 5: Wegel E, Koumproglou R, Shaw P, Osbourn A. Cell type-specific chromatin decondensation of a metabolic gene cluster in oats. Plant Cell. 2009 Dec;21(12):3926-36. doi: 10.1105/tpc.109.072124. Epub 2009 Dec 29. PubMed PMID: 20040536; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2814510. 6: Bednarek P, Osbourn A. Plant-microbe interactions: chemical diversity in plant defense. Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):746-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1171661. PubMed PMID: 19423814. 7: Mylona P, Owatworakit A, Papadopoulou K, Jenner H, Qin B, Findlay K, Hill L, Qi X, Bakht S, Melton R, Osbourn A. Sad3 and sad4 are required for saponin biosynthesis and root development in oat. Plant Cell. 2008 Jan;20(1):201-12. doi: 10.1105/tpc.107.056531. Epub 2008 Jan 18. PubMed PMID: 18203919; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2254932. 8: Collins CM, Murray PG, Denman S, Morrissey JP, Byrnes L, Teeri TT, Tuohy MG. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of two distinct beta-glucosidase genes, bg1 and aven1, with very different biological roles from the thermophilic, saprophytic fungus Talaromyces emersonii. Mycol Res. 2007 Jul;111(Pt 7):840-9. Epub 2007 Jun 2. PubMed PMID: 17664063. 9: Qi X, Bakht S, Qin B, Leggett M, Hemmings A, Mellon F, Eagles J, Werck-Reichhart D, Schaller H, Lesot A, Melton R, Osbourn A. A different function for a member of an ancient and highly conserved cytochrome P450 family: from essential sterols to plant defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 5;103(49):18848-53. Epub 2006 Nov 21. PubMed PMID: 17124172; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1656972. 10: Mukhopadhyay B, Field RA. Synthesis of L-arabinose-containing fragments of the oat root saponin Avenacin A-1. Carbohydr Res. 2004 May 17;339(7):1285-91. PubMed PMID: 15113665. 11: Trojanowska MR, Osbourn AE, Daniels MJ, Threlfall DR. Investigation of avenacin-deficient mutants of Avena strigosa. Phytochemistry. 2001 Jan;56(2):121-9. PubMed PMID: 11219805. 12: Trojanowska MR, Osbourn AE, Daniels MJ, Threlfall DR. Biosynthesis of avenacins and phytosterols in roots of Avena sativa cv. Image. Phytochemistry. 2000 May;54(2):153-64. PubMed PMID: 10872206. 13: Papadopoulou K, Melton RE, Leggett M, Daniels MJ, Osbourn AE. Compromised disease resistance in saponin-deficient plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 26;96(22):12923-8. PubMed PMID: 10536024; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC23166. 14: Carter JP, Spink J, Cannon PF, Daniels MJ, Osbourn AE. Isolation, characterization, and avenacin sensitivity of a diverse collection of cereal-root-colonizing fungi. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Aug;65(8):3364-72. PubMed PMID: 10427021; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC91506. 15: Armah CN, Mackie AR, Roy C, Price K, Osbourn AE, Bowyer P, Ladha S. The membrane-permeabilizing effect of avenacin A-1 involves the reorganization of bilayer cholesterol. Biophys J. 1999 Jan;76(1 Pt 1):281-90. PubMed PMID: 9876141; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1302518. 16: Osbourn A, Bowyer P, Lunness P, Clarke B, Daniels M. Fungal pathogens of oat roots and tomato leaves employ closely related enzymes to detoxify different host plant saponins. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 1995 Nov-Dec;8(6):971-8. PubMed PMID: 8664505. 17: Bowyer P, Clarke BR, Lunness P, Daniels MJ, Osbourn AE. Host range of a plant pathogenic fungus determined by a saponin detoxifying enzyme. Science. 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):371-4. PubMed PMID: 7824933.