Apomorphine HCl| CAS#314-19-2 | CAS#58-00-4 | Dopamine D2 Agonist

MedKoo Cat#: 531003 | Name: Apomorphine HCl

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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Apomorphine, also known as APL-130277 and TAK-251, is a dopamine D2 agonist used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Apomorphine also promotes intraneuronal amyloid-β (Aβ) degradation and improves memory function in an Alzheimer's disease model. Protein levels of two types of serine-phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), pS616 and pS636/639, significantly decreased following Apomorphine treatment in the 13-month-old 3xTg-AD mice brain, suggesting improved brain insulin resistance. This product is not available (it is or may be a DEA-controlled substance).

Chemical Structure

Apomorphine HCl

CAS#314-19-2 (HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 531003

Name: Apomorphine HCl

CAS#: 314-19-2 (HCl)

Chemical Formula: C17H18ClNO2

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 303.79

Elemental Analysis: C, 67.21; H, 5.97; Cl, 11.67; N, 4.61; O, 10.53

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability	Quantity
1mg	USD 350.00	2 Weeks
5mg	USD 950.00	2 Weeks

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Related CAS #

58-00-4 (free base) 314-19-2 (HCl) 41372-20-7 (HCl hydrate) 41035-30-7 (S-isomer HCl) 39478-62-1 (S-isomer)

Synonym

Apomorphine Hydrochloride, Apomorphine HCl, APL-130277, APL130277, APL 130277, KW-6500, KW 6500, KW6500, ND-0701, ND 0701, ND0701, TAK-251, TAK251, TAK 251, VR-004, VR 004, VR004, VR-040, VR 040, VR040

IUPAC/Chemical Name

(R)-6-methyl-5,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline-10,11-diol hydrochloride

InChi Key

SKYZYDSNJIOXRL-BTQNPOSSSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C17H17NO2.ClH/c1-18-8-7-10-3-2-4-12-15(10)13(18)9-11-5-6-14(19)17(20)16(11)12;/h2-6,13,19-20H,7-9H2,1H3;1H/t13-;/m1./s1

SMILES Code

OC1=CC=C2C(C3=C4C(CCN(C)[C@]4([H])C2)=CC=C3)=C1O.[H]Cl

Appearance

White to off-white crystalline powder.

Purity

>95% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

(R)-(-)-Apomorphine hydrochloride is a prototypical dopamine agonist.

In vitro activity:

Apomorphine showed a dose-dependent antioxidant effect similar to the findings in the cell viability assay (Fig. 4A). In addition, the GSH levels in fibroblasts of the control and LS patient (LSND3) were measured under BSO treatment. The GSH levels showed a dose-dependent decrease under BSO treatment (Fig. 4B). These data suggested that apomorphine can inhibit the accumulation of ROS and prevent H2O2-induced cytotoxicity as effectively as cellular antioxidant quinones, such as idebenone. Reference: Mitochondrion. 2019 Nov;49:111-120. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31356884/

In vivo activity:

Injection of R-(-)-Apomorphine into the medial shell of the rat nucleus accumbens (for localization of injection sites, see Supplementary Fig. 1B.) increased the emission of frequency modulated (FM) 50-kHz USVs (χ2(3) = 16.7, p < 0.05, n = 10] when compared to saline injection in the same region. There was no difference in the number of emitted flat (F) 50-kHz USVs when comparing R-(-)-apomorphine or saline injection into the same brain region (p > 0.95, n = 10; see Supplementary Fig. 1 and Table 1). Reference: Behav Brain Res. 2019 May 17;364:264-273. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31356884/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	DMSO	30.4	100.00
	Water	13.4	44.01

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 303.79 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Lee JY, Ham J, Lim W, Song G. Apomorphine induces mitochondrial-dysfunction-dependent apoptosis in choriocarcinoma. Reproduction. 2020 Sep;160(3):367-377. doi: 10.1530/REP-20-0230. PMID: 32520723. 2. Miyauchi A, Kouga T, Jimbo EF, Matsuhashi T, Abe T, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Apomorphine rescues reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts with mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrion. 2019 Nov;49:111-120. doi: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.07.006. Epub 2019 Jul 26. PMID: 31356884. 3. Lee JY, Ham J, Lim W, Song G. Apomorphine facilitates loss of respiratory chain activity in human epithelial ovarian cancer and inhibits angiogenesis in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 Jul;154:95-104. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.001. Epub 2020 May 8. PMID: 32437927. 4. Silkstone M, Brudzynski SM. Intracerebral injection of R-(-)-Apomorphine into the nucleus accumbens decreased carbachol-induced 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2019 May 17;364:264-273. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.01.044. Epub 2019 Jan 26. PMID: 30690109.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Lee JY, Ham J, Lim W, Song G. Apomorphine facilitates loss of respiratory chain activity in human epithelial ovarian cancer and inhibits angiogenesis in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020 Jul;154:95-104. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.001. Epub 2020 May 8. PMID: 32437927. 2. Silkstone M, Brudzynski SM. Intracerebral injection of R-(-)-Apomorphine into the nucleus accumbens decreased carbachol-induced 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2019 May 17;364:264-273. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.01.044. Epub 2019 Jan 26. PMID: 30690109.

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