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MedKoo Cat#: 318406 | Name: Oxymetazoline HCl
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Oxymetazoline is a selective α1 adrenergic receptor agonist and α2 adrenergic receptor partial agonist. It is a topical decongestant, used in the form of oxymetazoline hydrochloride in products such as Afrin, Dristan, Nasivin, Nezeril, Nostrilla, Logicin, Vicks Sinex, Visine L.R., Sudafed OM, Zicam, SinuFrin and Mucinex Sinus-Max. It was developed from xylometazoline at E. Merck Darmstadt by Fruhstorfer in 1961. Oxymetazoline is generally available as a nasal spray.

Chemical Structure

Oxymetazoline HCl
Oxymetazoline HCl
CAS#2315-02-8 (HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 318406

Name: Oxymetazoline HCl

CAS#: 2315-02-8 (HCl)

Chemical Formula: C16H25ClN2O

Exact Mass: 260.1655

Molecular Weight: 296.84

Elemental Analysis: C, 64.74; H, 8.49; Cl, 11.94; N, 9.44; O, 5.39

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5g USD 350.00
10g USD 550.00
25g USD 1,250.00
50g USD 2,250.00
100g USD 3,850.00
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Related CAS #
1491-59-4 (free) 2315-02-8 (HCl)
Synonym
Afrin; Ocuclear; Drixine; Oxylazine; Rhinofrenol; Oxylazine; Nezeril; Sinerol; Hazol; Nafrine; Navasin; oxymeta zoline; Ocuclear;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
6-tert-butyl-3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl)-2,4-dimethylphenol hydrochloride
InChi Key
BEEDODBODQVSIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C16H24N2O.ClH/c1-10-8-13(16(3,4)5)15(19)11(2)12(10)9-14-17-6-7-18-14;/h8,19H,6-7,9H2,1-5H3,(H,17,18);1H
SMILES Code
OC1=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C(C)C(CC2=NCCN2)=C1C.[H]Cl
Appearance
White to off-white crystalline powder.
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Oxymetazoline is a selective α1 adrenergic receptor agonist and α2 adrenergic receptor partial agonist.
In vitro activity:
At 5-HT1C receptors, oxymetazoline behaved as a mixed agonist-antagonist. Clonidine had minimal activity. Methiothepin antagonized the effects of oxymetazoline (7.4 less than pKB less than 8.8). Thus, oxymetazoline is a full and potent agonist at 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors and a partial agonist at 5-HT1C receptors. Reference: Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Apr 17;196(2):213-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1678720/
In vivo activity:
Thirty Wistar-albino rats were used to form the rhinitis medicamentosa model. After rhinitis medicamentosa was clinically detected, this study removed the whole lungs of animals to perform the molecular analyses of cell death pathways. This study found a statistically significant decrease in the expression levels of Atg5 (p=0.021), Atg7 (p=0.013) and Ulk1 (p=0.036) in the oxymetazoline group compared to the control group (p<0.05); however, Caspase 3 expression level was recorded to be significantly increased in the oxymetazoline group, and the expression level of Beclin1 recorded to be substantially increased in the erdosteine group (p=0.001). Reference: Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 25;14(4):658-666. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32718303/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMF 20.0 67.38
DMSO 25.0 84.22
Ethanol 25.0 84.22
PBS (pH 7.2) 10.0 33.69
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 296.84 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Beck-Speier I, Oswald B, Maier KL, Karg E, Ramseger R. Oxymetazoline inhibits and resolves inflammatory reactions in human neutrophils. J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 Jul;110(3):276-84. doi: 10.1254/jphs.09012fp. PMID: 19609065; PMCID: PMC7128694. 2. Schoeffter P, Hoyer D. Interaction of the alpha-adrenoceptor agonist oxymetazoline with serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C and 5-HT1D receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Apr 17;196(2):213-6. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90432-p. PMID: 1678720. 3. Cengiz B, Bostancıklıoğlu M, Demir T, Karabulut H, Dokuyucu R, Ulaşlı M. Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects of Oxymetazoline on Lungs in a Rat Model of Rhinitis Medicamentosa. Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 25;14(4):658-666. doi: 10.2174/1874467213666200727124105. PMID: 32718303.
In vitro protocol:
1. Beck-Speier I, Oswald B, Maier KL, Karg E, Ramseger R. Oxymetazoline inhibits and resolves inflammatory reactions in human neutrophils. J Pharmacol Sci. 2009 Jul;110(3):276-84. doi: 10.1254/jphs.09012fp. PMID: 19609065; PMCID: PMC7128694. 2. Schoeffter P, Hoyer D. Interaction of the alpha-adrenoceptor agonist oxymetazoline with serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C and 5-HT1D receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Apr 17;196(2):213-6. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90432-p. PMID: 1678720.
In vivo protocol:
1. Cengiz B, Bostancıklıoğlu M, Demir T, Karabulut H, Dokuyucu R, Ulaşlı M. Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects of Oxymetazoline on Lungs in a Rat Model of Rhinitis Medicamentosa. Curr Mol Pharmacol. 2021 Oct 25;14(4):658-666. doi: 10.2174/1874467213666200727124105. PMID: 32718303.
1: Kirtsreesakul V, Khanuengkitkong T, Ruttanaphol S. Does oxymetazoline increase the efficacy of nasal steroids in treating nasal polyposis? Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2016 May;30(3):195-200. doi: 10.2500/ajra.2016.30.4294. PubMed PMID: 27216350. 2: Gopalakrishnan S, Sodhi K. Recurrent Apnea in a Neonate Following Intranasal Oxymetazoline. Indian Pediatr. 2016 Apr;53(4):353. PubMed PMID: 27156558. 3: Menezes GA, Araujo Júnior E, Lopes J, Belmonte S, Tonni G, Werner H. Prenatal diagnosis and physical model reconstruction of agnathia-otocephaly with limb deformities (absent ulna, fibula and digits) following maternal exposure to oxymetazoline in the first trimester. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2016 Apr 17. doi: 10.1111/jog.13014. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27087030. 4: Thongngarm T, Assanasen P, Pradubpongsa P, Tantilipikorn P. The effectiveness of oxymetazoline plus intranasal steroid in the treatment of chronic rhinitis: A randomised controlled trial. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2016 Mar;34(1):30-7. doi: 10.12932/AP0649.34.1.2016. PubMed PMID: 26994623. 5: Hersh EV, Pinto A, Saraghi M, Saleh N, Pulaski L, Gordon SM, Barnes D, Kaplowitz G, Bloom I, Sabti M, Moore PA, Lee S, Meharry M, He DY, Li Y. Double-masked, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of intranasal K305 (3% tetracaine plus 0.05% oxymetazoline) in anesthetizing maxillary teeth. J Am Dent Assoc. 2016 Apr;147(4):278-87. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2015.12.008. Epub 2016 Jan 25. PubMed PMID: 26822100. 6: Teixeira MS, Alper CM, Martin BS, Helal N, Doyle BM, Doyle WJ. Oxymetazoline Applied Topically to the Nasal Mucosa Decreases Trans-Mucosal Nitrous Oxide Exchange for the Middle Ear. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2016 May;125(5):400-7. doi: 10.1177/0003489415617776. Epub 2015 Nov 26. PubMed PMID: 26611245; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4853169. 7: Nordt SP, Vivero LE, Cantrell FL. Not Just a Drop in the Bucket-Inversion of Oxymetazoline Nasal Decongestant Container Increases Potential for Severe Pediatric Poisoning. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:240-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.067. Epub 2015 Oct 30. PubMed PMID: 26522979. 8: Valerieva A, Popov TA, Staevska M, Kralimarkova T, Petkova E, Valerieva E, Mustakov T, Lazarova T, Dimitrov V, Church MK. Effect of micronized cellulose powder on the efficacy of topical oxymetazoline in allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2015 Nov-Dec;36(6):e134-9. doi: 10.2500/aap.2015.36.3879. Epub 2015 Jun 29. PubMed PMID: 26133030. 9: Kishore A, Blake L, Wang C, Ba S, Gross G. Evaluating the Effect of Sinex® (0.05% Oxymetazoline) Nasal Spray on Reduction of Nasal Congestion Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. J Biomech Eng. 2015 Aug;137(8):081011. doi: 10.1115/1.4030825. Epub 2015 Jun 23. PubMed PMID: 26065640. 10: Phillips CB, Huang CC. Topical oxymetazoline hydrochloride 0.05% as a strategy to reduce intraoperative wound oozing in Mohs micrographic surgery. Dermatol Surg. 2015 Jun;41(6):749-50. doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000000362. PubMed PMID: 25984903.