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MedKoo Cat#: 526511 | Name: Troglitazone
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Troglitazone, also known as CI991, is a potent PPAR agonist. Troglitazone is an antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory drug, and a member of the drug class of the thiazolidinediones. Troglitazone inhibits hepatic oval cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest through Hippo/YAP pathway regulation. Troglitazone exerts metabolic and antitumor effects on T47D breast cancer cells by suppressing mitochondrial pyruvate availability. Troglitazone activates TRPV1 and causes deacetylation of PPARγ in 3T3-L1 cells.

Chemical Structure

Troglitazone
Troglitazone
CAS#97322-87-7

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 526511

Name: Troglitazone

CAS#: 97322-87-7

Chemical Formula: C24H27NO5S

Exact Mass: 441.1610

Molecular Weight: 441.54

Elemental Analysis: C, 65.29; H, 6.16; N, 3.17; O, 18.12; S, 7.26

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
10mg USD 350.00 2 Weeks
50mg USD 950.00 2 Weeks
100mg USD 1,650.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
CI-991; CI991; CI 991; CS-045; GR 92132X; GR92132X; Prelay; Troglitazone; Rezulin, Resulin, Romozin, Noscal.
IUPAC/Chemical Name
5-(4-((6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-yl)methoxy)benzyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione
InChi Key
GXPHKUHSUJUWKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C24H27NO5S/c1-13-14(2)21-18(15(3)20(13)26)9-10-24(4,30-21)12-29-17-7-5-16(6-8-17)11-19-22(27)25-23(28)31-19/h5-8,19,26H,9-12H2,1-4H3,(H,25,27,28)
SMILES Code
O=C(N1)SC(CC2=CC=C(OCC3(C)CCC4=C(C)C(O)=C(C)C(C)=C4O3)C=C2)C1=O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 441.54 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
1: Ranjan G, Ranjan S, Sunita P, Pattanayak SP. Thiazolidinedione derivatives in cancer therapy: exploring novel mechanisms, therapeutic potentials, and future horizons in oncology. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2024 Dec 2. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03661-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39621087. 2: Li P, Miyamoto D, Adachi T, Hara T, Soyama A, Matsushima H, Imamura H, Kanetaka K, Gu W, Eguchi S. Mitigation of polystyrene microplastic-induced hepatotoxicity in human hepatobiliary organoids through bile extraction. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Dec;288:117330. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117330. Epub 2024 Nov 20. PMID: 39571255. 3: Haile A, Oliveira DE, Boisclair YR, Bauman DE, Harvatine KJ. Potential involvement of PPARs in the inhibition of mammary lipid synthesis during diet- induced milk fat depression. J Dairy Sci. 2024 Nov 7:S0022-0302(24)01294-3. doi: 10.3168/jds.2024-25575. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39521416. 4: Bi J, Guo Q, Gong Y, Chen X, Wu H, Song L, Xu Y, Ou M, Wang Z, Chen J, Jiang C, Liu A, Li G, Zhang G. Troglitazone reduces intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival via macrophage autophagy through LKB1-AMPKα signaling. J Infect Dis. 2024 Oct 25:jiae523. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae523. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39450555. 5: Ma X, Huang T, Li X, Zhou X, Pan H, Du A, Zeng Y, Yuan K, Wang Z. Exploration of the link between COVID-19 and gastric cancer from the perspective of bioinformatics and systems biology. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Sep 20;11:1428973. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1428973. PMID: 39371335; PMCID: PMC11449776. 6: Wang ZB, Liu JY, Jiang SL, Zhuo W, Xie P, Dai WT, Mao XY, Liu ZQ. Unveiling the shield: Troglitazone's impact on epilepsy-induced nerve injury through ferroptosis inhibition. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2024 Aug;30(8):e14911. doi: 10.1111/cns.14911. PMID: 39145422; PMCID: PMC11325165. 7: Yee C, Chan YL, Utama R, Besnier M, Engel M, Belfiore L. Protocol to create phenotypic primary human hepatocyte cultures using the RASTRUM 3D cell model platform. STAR Protoc. 2024 Sep 20;5(3):103234. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.103234. Epub 2024 Aug 10. PMID: 39128008; PMCID: PMC11369457. 8: Roux S, Cherradi S, Duong HT. Uncovering the mechanism of troglitazone- mediated idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury with individual-centric models. Arch Toxicol. 2024 Nov;98(11):3875-3884. doi: 10.1007/s00204-024-03833-z. Epub 2024 Aug 6. PMID: 39105737; PMCID: PMC11489277. 9: Fang C, Sun H, Wen J, Wu X, Wu Q, Zhai D. Investigation of the relationship between COVID-19 and pancreatic cancer using bioinformatics and systems biology approaches. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Aug 2;103(31):e39057. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000039057. PMID: 39093763; PMCID: PMC11296473. 10: Cao J, Zhuang M, Kong H, Lai C, Su T, Liang A, Wang Z, Wu Q, Fang Y, Hu Y, Zhang X, Lin M, Yu H. Plasma Proteomics to Identify Drug Targets and Potential Drugs for Retinal Artery Occlusion: An Integrated Analysis in the UK Biobank. J Proteome Res. 2024 Sep 6;23(9):3754-3763. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00044. Epub 2024 Aug 2. PMID: 39093603. 11: Zhang Z, Chen J, Chen L, Long K, Qu L, Huang S, Yuan X, Ji X, Li Q, Zhao X. Bivalent affinity binding-inspired PPARγ immobilization with selective conformation and improved ligand-binding activity. J Chromatogr A. 2024 Aug 16;1730:465141. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465141. Epub 2024 Jul 5. PMID: 38986402. 12: Jeon KI, Kumar A, Brookes PS, Nehrke K, Huxlin KR. Manipulating mitochondrial pyruvate carrier function causes metabolic remodeling in corneal myofibroblasts that ameliorates fibrosis. Redox Biol. 2024 Sep;75:103235. doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103235. Epub 2024 Jun 8. PMID: 38889622; PMCID: PMC11231598. 13: Lv Q, Yang Y, Lv Y, Wu Q, Hou X, Li L, Ye X, Yang C, Wang S. Long-term effects of different hypoglycemic drugs on carotid intima-media thickness progression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 May 31;15:1403606. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1403606. PMID: 38883606; PMCID: PMC11176463. 14: Ceyhan AB, Ozcan M, Kim W, Li X, Altay O, Zhang C, Mardinoglu A. Novel drug targets and molecular mechanisms for sarcopenia based on systems biology. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Jul;176:116920. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116920. Epub 2024 Jun 13. PMID: 38876054. 15: Deng Q, Yang Y, Liu Y, Zou M, Huang G, Yang S, Li L, Qu Y, Luo Y, Zhang X. Assessing immune hepatotoxicity of troglitazone with a versatile liver-immune- microphysiological-system. Front Pharmacol. 2024 May 30;15:1335836. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1335836. PMID: 38873410; PMCID: PMC11169855. 16: Wang L, Koui Y, Kanegae K, Kido T, Tamura-Nakano M, Yabe S, Tai K, Nakajima Y, Kusuhara H, Sakai Y, Miyajima A, Okochi H, Tanaka M. Establishment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatobiliary organoid with bile duct for pharmaceutical research use. Biomaterials. 2024 Oct;310:122621. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122621. Epub 2024 May 22. PMID: 38815455. 17: Choi SY, Kim TH, Kim MJ, Mun SJ, Kim TS, Jung KK, Oh IU, Oh JH, Son MJ, Lee JH. Validating Well-Functioning Hepatic Organoids for Toxicity Evaluation. Toxics. 2024 May 17;12(5):371. doi: 10.3390/toxics12050371. PMID: 38787150; PMCID: PMC11126009. 18: Swati K, Srivastava R, Agrawal K, Panda SP, Parkash A, Kumar D, Chen H. Structure-Based Virtual Screening Identifying Novel FOXM1 Inhibitors as the Lead Compounds for Glioblastoma. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 2024 May 9. doi: 10.2174/0115748928289164240426110829. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38756075. 19: Tong Y, Ueyama-Toba Y, Yokota J, Matsui H, Kanai M, Mizuguchi H. Efficient hepatocyte differentiation of primary human hepatocyte-derived organoids using three dimensional nanofibers (HYDROX) and their possible application in hepatotoxicity research. Sci Rep. 2024 May 13;14(1):10846. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61544-y. PMID: 38736008; PMCID: PMC11089038. 20: Buron N, Porceddu M, Loyant R, Martel C, Allard JA, Fromenty B, Borgne- Sanchez A. Drug-induced impairment of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and steatosis: assessment of causal relationship with 45 pharmaceuticals. Toxicol Sci. 2024 Aug 1;200(2):369-381. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae055. PMID: 38676573.