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MedKoo Cat#: 318502 | Name: Piroxicam (free base)
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Piroxicam (free base) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The mechanism of action of piroxicam is as a cyclooxygenase Inhibitor. It is well established in treating rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and used for musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and postoperative pain.

Chemical Structure

Piroxicam (free base)
Piroxicam (free base)
CAS#36322-90-4 (free base)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 318502

Name: Piroxicam (free base)

CAS#: 36322-90-4 (free base)

Chemical Formula: C15H13N3O4S

Exact Mass: 331.0627

Molecular Weight: 331.35

Elemental Analysis: C, 54.37; H, 3.95; N, 12.68; O, 19.31; S, 9.68

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
1g USD 250.00 2 Weeks
5g USD 450.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
87234-24-0 (cinnamate); 85056-47-9 (olamine); 36322-90-4 (free base); 96684-40-1 (betadex)
Synonym
Piroxicam; Feldene; Pyroxycam; Roxicam; BAXO; CP 16171; CP-16171; CP16171; NSC 666076; NSC666076; NSC-666076
IUPAC/Chemical Name
4-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridinyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-dioxide
InChi Key
QYSPLQLAKJAUJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C15H13N3O4S/c1-18-13(15(20)17-12-8-4-5-9-16-12)14(19)10-6-2-3-7-11(10)23(18,21)22/h2-9,19H,1H3,(H,16,17,20)
SMILES Code
CN1C(=C(C2=CC=CC=C2S1(=O)=O)O)C(=O)NC3=CC=CC=N3
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2.
In vitro activity:
This study explored the role of Px (piroxicam), in triggering apoptosis and examined the involvement of upstream cellular mechanisms in apoptosis induction by Px. The studies with human breast cancer cells MCF-7 show that Px induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation along with apoptotic cell death. ROS release lead to Akt activation. On evaluation it became evident that ROS mediated apoptosis induction was due to Akt activation (hyper phosphorylation). Silencing the expression of Akt using siRNA and a specific Akt inhibitor, triciribine further confirmed the findings. Reference: Pharmacol Rep. 2015 Dec;67(6):1215-23. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26481545/
In vivo activity:
This study determined the effects of the cox inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptotic index, proliferative index, cyclooxygenase-2 expression, prostaglandin E(2) concentration, tumor microvessel density, and urine basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor concentrations in pet dogs with naturally occurring invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Piroxicam caused reduction in tumor volume in 12 of 18 dogs, and this was strongly associated with induction of apoptosis (Fisher's exact test P < 0.015) and reduction in urine basic fibroblast growth factor concentration. Reference: Cancer Res. 2002 Jan 15;62(2):356-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11809678/
Solvent mg/mL mM comments
Solubility
DMF 20.0 60.36
DMSO 45.3 136.82
DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1) 0.5 1.51
Water 0.1 0.30
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 331.35 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Rai N, Sarkar M, Raha S. Piroxicam, a traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) causes apoptosis by ROS mediated Akt activation. Pharmacol Rep. 2015 Dec;67(6):1215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 May 30. PMID: 26481545. 2. Astani A, Albrecht U, Schnitzler P. Piroxicam inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro. Pharmazie. 2015 May;70(5):331-6. PMID: 26062303. 3. Mohammed SI, Bennett PF, Craig BA, Glickman NW, Mutsaers AJ, Snyder PW, Widmer WR, DeGortari AE, Bonney PL, Knapp DW. Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a canine model of human invasive urinary bladder cancer. Cancer Res. 2002 Jan 15;62(2):356-8. PMID: 11809678. 4. Rigas B, Tsioulias GJ, Allan C, Wali RK, Brasitus TA. The effect of bile acids and piroxicam on MHC antigen expression in rat colonocytes during colon cancer development. Immunology. 1994 Oct;83(2):319-23. PMID: 7835954; PMCID: PMC1414930.
In vitro protocol:
1. Rai N, Sarkar M, Raha S. Piroxicam, a traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) causes apoptosis by ROS mediated Akt activation. Pharmacol Rep. 2015 Dec;67(6):1215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 May 30. PMID: 26481545. 2. Astani A, Albrecht U, Schnitzler P. Piroxicam inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro. Pharmazie. 2015 May;70(5):331-6. PMID: 26062303.
In vivo protocol:
1. Mohammed SI, Bennett PF, Craig BA, Glickman NW, Mutsaers AJ, Snyder PW, Widmer WR, DeGortari AE, Bonney PL, Knapp DW. Effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, piroxicam, on tumor response, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in a canine model of human invasive urinary bladder cancer. Cancer Res. 2002 Jan 15;62(2):356-8. PMID: 11809678. 2. Rigas B, Tsioulias GJ, Allan C, Wali RK, Brasitus TA. The effect of bile acids and piroxicam on MHC antigen expression in rat colonocytes during colon cancer development. Immunology. 1994 Oct;83(2):319-23. PMID: 7835954; PMCID: PMC1414930.
1: Teema AM, Zaitone SA, Moustafa YM. Ibuprofen or piroxicam protects nigral neurons and delays the development of L-dopa induced dyskinesia in rats with experimental Parkinsonism: influence on angiogenesis. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Mar 22. pii: S0028-3908(16)30106-X. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.03.034. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27016022. 2: Penkina A, Semjonov K, Hakola M, Vuorinen S, Repo T, Yliruusi J, Aruväli J, Kogermann K, Veski P, Heinämäki J. Towards improved solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs: cryogenic co-grinding of piroxicam with carrier polymers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2016 Mar;42(3):378-88. doi: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1054400. Epub 2015 Jun 11. PubMed PMID: 26065533. 3: Garg V, Singh H, Bhatia A, Raza K, Singh SK, Singh B, Beg S. Systematic Development of Transethosomal Gel System of Piroxicam: Formulation Optimization, In Vitro Evaluation, and Ex Vivo Assessment. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2016 Feb 11. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26868380. 4: Calvo AM, Santos GM, Dionísio TJ, Marques MP, Brozoski DT, Lanchote VL, Fernandes MH, Faria FA, Santos CF. Quantification of piroxicam and 5'-hydroxypiroxicam in human plasma and saliva using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry following oral administration. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2016 Feb 20;120:212-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.12.042. Epub 2015 Dec 28. PubMed PMID: 26760238. 5: Sahu CR. Mechanisms Involved in Toxicity of Liver Caused by Piroxicam in Mice and Protective Effects of Leaf Extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Jan 19;9:9-13. doi: 10.4137/CMAMD.S29463. eCollection 2016. PubMed PMID: 26819562; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4720181. 6: Sivaraman A, Banga AK. Formulation and evaluation of sublingual delivery of piroxicam using thermosensitive polymer with an inverted Franz diffusion cell. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2016 Jan;68(1):26-35. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12493. Epub 2015 Dec 29. PubMed PMID: 26714423. 7: Rai N, Sarkar M, Raha S. Piroxicam, a traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) causes apoptosis by ROS mediated Akt activation. Pharmacol Rep. 2015 Dec;67(6):1215-23. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2015.05.012. Epub 2015 May 30. PubMed PMID: 26481545. 8: Choisunirachon N, Jaroensong T, Yoshida K, Saeki K, Mochizuki M, Nishimura R, Sasaki N, Nakagawa T. Effects of low-dose cyclophosphamide with piroxicam on tumour neovascularization in a canine oral malignant melanoma-xenografted mouse model. Vet Comp Oncol. 2015 Dec;13(4):424-32. doi: 10.1111/vco.12059. Epub 2013 Jul 26. PubMed PMID: 23890026. 9: Maciá Martínez MÁ. Economic evaluation of the restriction in the use piroxicam in Spain. Reumatol Clin. 2015 Nov-Dec;11(6):345-352. doi: 10.1016/j.reuma.2014.12.003. Epub 2015 Jan 28. English, Spanish. PubMed PMID: 25636384. 10: Farooq A, Yar M, Khan AS, Shahzadi L, Siddiqi SA, Mahmood N, Rauf A, Qureshi ZU, Manzoor F, Chaudhry AA, ur Rehman I. Synthesis of piroxicam loaded novel electrospun biodegradable nanocomposite scaffolds for periodontal regeneration. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2015 Nov 1;56:104-13. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.06.006. Epub 2015 Jun 14. PubMed PMID: 26249571. 11: Bhattacharya P, Pandey AK, Paul S, Patnaik R. Piroxicam-mediated modulatory action of 5-hydroxytryptamine serves as a "brake" on neuronal excitability in ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res. 2015 Sep;10(9):1418-20. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.165509. PubMed PMID: 26604901; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4625506. 12: John P, Azeem W, Ashfaq M, Khan IU, Razzaq SN. Stability indicating RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of piroxicam and ofloxacin in binary combination. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2015 Sep;28(5):1713-21. PubMed PMID: 26408892. 13: Santiago RM, Tonin FS, Barbiero J, Zaminelli T, Boschen SL, Andreatini R, Da Cunha C, Lima MM, Vital MA. The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug piroxicam reverses the onset of depressive-like behavior in 6-OHDA animal model of Parkinson's disease. Neuroscience. 2015 Aug 6;300:246-53. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.030. Epub 2015 May 18. PubMed PMID: 25999296. 14: Lavrič Z, Pirnat J, Lužnik J, Puc U, Trontelj Z, Srčič S. (14) N nuclear quadrupole resonance study of piroxicam: confirmation of new polymorphic form V. J Pharm Sci. 2015 Jun;104(6):1909-18. doi: 10.1002/jps.24421. Epub 2015 Mar 16. PubMed PMID: 25776345. 15: Astani A, Albrecht U, Schnitzler P. Piroxicam inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro. Pharmazie. 2015 May;70(5):331-6. PubMed PMID: 26062303. 16: Hasegawa Y, Higashi K, Yamamoto K, Moribe K. Direct evaluation of molecular States of piroxicam/poloxamer nanosuspension by suspended-state NMR and Raman spectroscopies. Mol Pharm. 2015 May 4;12(5):1564-72. doi: 10.1021/mp500872g. Epub 2015 Apr 17. PubMed PMID: 25849345. 17: KandaSwamy GV, Dhanasekaran AK, Elangovan A, John B, Viswaroop B, Vedanayagam KS. Randomized double blinded placebo controlled trial comparing diclofenac and piroxicam in management of acute renal colic and its clinical implications. Urol J. 2015 Apr 29;12(2):2069-73. PubMed PMID: 25923150. 18: Suresh S, Gunasekaran S, Srinivasan S. Vibrational spectra (FT-IR, FT-Raman), frontier molecular orbital, first hyperpolarizability, NBO analysis and thermodynamics properties of Piroxicam by HF and DFT methods. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2015 Mar 5;138:447-59. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.11.040. Epub 2014 Nov 28. PubMed PMID: 25523048. 19: Singh AK, Pathak K. Colon specific CODES based Piroxicam tablet for colon targeting: statistical optimization, in vivo roentgenography and stability assessment. Pharm Dev Technol. 2015 Mar;20(2):237-45. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.860549. Epub 2013 Nov 25. PubMed PMID: 24266719. 20: Holgersen K, Dobie R, Farquharson C, vanʼt Hof R, Ahmed SF, Hansen AK, Holm TL. Piroxicam treatment augments bone abnormalities in interleukin-10 knockout mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015 Feb;21(2):257-66. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000000269. PubMed PMID: 25569742.