Related CAS #
306-40-1 (cation)
6101-15-1(Chloride Dihydrate)
71-27-2 (Chloride)
Synonym
Suxamethonium Chloride; Succinylcholine; Succinocholine; Ditiline
IUPAC/Chemical Name
2,2'-(succinylbis(oxy))bis(N,N,N-trimethylethan-1-aminium) Chloride Dihydrate
InChi Key
FFSBEIRFVXGRPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C14H30N2O4.2ClH.2H2O/c1-15(2,3)9-11-19-13(17)7-8-14(18)20-12-10-16(4,5)6;;;;/h7-12H2,1-6H3;2*1H;2*1H2/q+2;;;;/p-2
SMILES Code
O=C(OCC[N+](C)(C)C)CCC(OCC[N+](C)(C)C)=O.[H]O[H].[H]O[H].[Cl-].[Cl-]
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Related CAS#
6101-15-1(Suxamethonium Chloride Dihydrate)
71-27-2(Suxamethonium Chloride)
In vitro activity:
1. In an in vitro study, the stability of succinylcholine chloride injection prepared by a hospital pharmacy was evaluated under various conditions. The formulation, containing sodium chloride, methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, hydrochloric acid, and water, was subjected to different temperatures (ranging from refrigeration to high heat), light exposure, and pH levels. Results showed that sterilization at 100 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes maintained stability, with no significant loss observed regardless of initial pH. The study concluded that properly sterilized succinylcholine chloride injection remains stable for at least two years under refrigerated conditions and up to five months at room temperature if shielded from light.
Reference: Schmutz CW, Mühlebach SF. Stability of succinylcholine chloride injection. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991 Mar;48(3):501-6. PMID: 2028996.
In vivo activity:
1. Suxamethonium chloride (succinylcholine) is a highly immunogenic drug commonly used as a neuromuscular blocker in anesthesia. It is associated with the highest risk of severe allergic reactions during anesthesia, characterized by bronchospasm and circulatory collapse, which can be life-threatening and difficult to diagnose due to masked clinical features. Despite its effectiveness in inducing muscle relaxation, suxamethonium chloride also poses risks such as hyperkalemic cardiac arrest, especially in children with undiagnosed muscular dystrophy, prompting caution and limited use in pediatric populations.
Reference: Naguib M, Magboul MM. Adverse effects of neuromuscular blockers and their antagonists. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 1998 Jun;14(5):341-73. PMID: 9785339.
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
| Solubility |
| Water |
79.0 |
198.80 |
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
397.33
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
Naguib M, Magboul MM. Adverse effects of neuromuscular blockers and their antagonists. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 1998 Jun;14(5):341-73. PMID: 9785339.
Bali IM, Dundee JW, Assaf RA. Immediate changes in plasma potassium, sodium and chloride concentrations induced by suxamethonium. Br J Anaesth. 1975 Mar;47(3):393-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/47.3.393. PMID: 1138747.
Schmutz CW, Mühlebach SF. Stability of succinylcholine chloride injection. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991 Mar;48(3):501-6. PMID: 2028996.
Beck W, Kabiche S, Balde IB, Carret S, Fontan JE, Cisternino S, Schlatter J. Stability of suxamethonium in pharmaceutical solution for injection by validated stability-indicating chromatographic method. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Dec;35:551-559. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.09.025. Epub 2016 Oct 23. PMID: 27871592.
In vitro protocol:
Schmutz CW, Mühlebach SF. Stability of succinylcholine chloride injection. Am J Hosp Pharm. 1991 Mar;48(3):501-6. PMID: 2028996.
Beck W, Kabiche S, Balde IB, Carret S, Fontan JE, Cisternino S, Schlatter J. Stability of suxamethonium in pharmaceutical solution for injection by validated stability-indicating chromatographic method. J Clin Anesth. 2016 Dec;35:551-559. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.09.025. Epub 2016 Oct 23. PMID: 27871592.
In vivo protocol:
Bali IM, Dundee JW, Assaf RA. Immediate changes in plasma potassium, sodium and chloride concentrations induced by suxamethonium. Br J Anaesth. 1975 Mar;47(3):393-7. doi: 10.1093/bja/47.3.393. PMID: 1138747.
Naguib M, Magboul MM. Adverse effects of neuromuscular blockers and their antagonists. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 1998 Jun;14(5):341-73. PMID: 9785339.
1: Tran DT, Newton EK, Mount VA, Lee JS, Wells GA, Perry JJ. Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Oct 29;10:CD002788. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002788.pub3. Review. PubMed PMID: 26512948.
2: Bajwa SJ. Statins and succinylcholine interaction: A cause of concern for serious muscular damage in anesthesiology practice! Saudi J Anaesth. 2013 Oct;7(4):442-6. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.121078. Review. PubMed PMID: 24348298; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3858697.
3: May N, Anderson K. Towards evidence based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. BET 3: Suxamethonium (succinylcholine) for RSI and intubation in head injury. Emerg Med J. 2012 Jun;29(6):511-4. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2012-201374.4. Review. PubMed PMID: 22635391.
4: Herbstritt A, Amarakone K. Towards evidence-based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary. BET 3: is rocuronium as effective as succinylcholine at facilitating laryngoscopy during rapid sequence intubation? Emerg Med J. 2012 Mar;29(3):256-8. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2012-201100.4. Review. PubMed PMID: 22337834.
5: Mallon WK, Keim SM, Shoenberger JM, Walls RM. Rocuronium vs. succinylcholine in the emergency department: a critical appraisal. J Emerg Med. 2009 Aug;37(2):183-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2008.07.021. Epub 2008 Dec 20. Review. PubMed PMID: 19097730.
6: Perry JJ, Lee JS, Sillberg VA, Wells GA. Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16;(2):CD002788. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD002788.pub2. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;10:CD002788. PubMed PMID: 18425883.
7: Karcioglu O, Arnold J, Topacoglu H, Ozucelik DN, Kiran S, Sonmez N. Succinylcholine or rocuronium? A meta-analysis of the effects on intubation conditions. Int J Clin Pract. 2006 Dec;60(12):1638-46. Review. PubMed PMID: 17109670.
8: Chidiac EJ, Raiskin AO. Succinylcholine and the open eye. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2006 Jun;19(2):279-85. Review. PubMed PMID: 16701165.
9: Martyn JA, Richtsfeld M. Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in acquired pathologic states: etiologic factors and molecular mechanisms. Anesthesiology. 2006 Jan;104(1):158-69. Review. PubMed PMID: 16394702.
10: Regan K; Anaesthetists Agency. Succinylcholine vs rocuronium for intubation in the intensive care unit. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2005 Sep;66(9):548. Review. PubMed PMID: 16200806.
11: Vachon CA, Warner DO, Bacon DR. Succinylcholine and the open globe. Tracing the teaching. Anesthesiology. 2003 Jul;99(1):220-3. Review. PubMed PMID: 12826863.
12: Perry J, Lee J, Wells G. Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD002788. Review. Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(2):CD002788. PubMed PMID: 12535439.
13: Sparr HJ, Jöhr M. [Succinylcholine--update]. Anaesthesist. 2002 Jul;51(7):565-75. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 12243044.
14: Baraka A. Onset of succinylcholine neuromuscular block--in vivo versus in vitro. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 2002 Jun;16(5):477-84. Review. PubMed PMID: 12138510.
15: Clancy M, Halford S, Walls R, Murphy M. In patients with head injuries who undergo rapid sequence intubation using succinylcholine, does pretreatment with a competitive neuromuscular blocking agent improve outcome? A literature review. Emerg Med J. 2001 Sep;18(5):373-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 11559609; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1725690.
16: Gronert GA. Cardiac arrest after succinylcholine: mortality greater with rhabdomyolysis than receptor upregulation. Anesthesiology. 2001 Mar;94(3):523-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 11374616.
17: Skledar S, Silfies T, Gross P, Ryan M. Use of a multidisciplinary continuous-quality-improvement process to investigate succinylcholine treatment failures. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001 Feb 1;58(3):247-50. Review. PubMed PMID: 11217181.
18: Thapa S, Brull SJ. Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in patients with renal failure: an old question revisited. Anesth Analg. 2000 Jul;91(1):237-41. Review. PubMed PMID: 10866919.
19: Cook DR. Can succinylcholine be abandoned? Anesth Analg. 2000 May;90(5 Suppl):S24-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 10809515.
20: Blobner M, Busley R, Kochs E. [Rapid sequence induction with succinylcholine: an option to reduce side effects]. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 2000 Feb;35(2):108-10. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 10719605.
