MedKoo Biosciences, Inc.
Tel:   +1-919-636-5577    Fax:   +1-919-980-4831    Email:   sales@medkoo.com
Search
Login Register
Search
MedKoo Cat#: 318460 | Name: Penbutolol Sulfate
Featured

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Penbutolol Sulfate is a medication in the class of beta blockers, used in the treatment of high blood pressure. Penbutolol is able to bind to both beta-1 adrenergic receptors and beta-2 adrenergic receptors, thus making it a non-selective β blocker. Penbutolol is a sympathomimetic drug with properties allowing it to act as a partial agonist at β adrenergic receptors. Penbutolol has also been found to be one of very few compounds that are 5-HT1A antagonists. 5-HT1A receptors are activated by serotonin, which have many different actions in different species. This makes it difficult to create generalizations about serotonin and its effects.

Chemical Structure

Penbutolol Sulfate
Penbutolol Sulfate
CAS#38363-32-5 (sulfate)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 318460

Name: Penbutolol Sulfate

CAS#: 38363-32-5 (sulfate)

Chemical Formula: C36H60N2O8S

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 680.94

Elemental Analysis: C, 63.50; H, 8.88; N, 4.11; O, 18.80; S, 4.71

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
50mg USD 350.00 2 weeks
100mg USD 650.00 2 weeks
Bulk Inquiry
Buy Now
Add to Cart
Related CAS #
38363-40-5 (free base) 38363-32-5 (sulfate)
Synonym
Penbutolol Sulfate; Hoe-893d; Levatol; HOE-39-893d; AC1OCEQU; Penbutolol; Hoe-893d; Hoe893d;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
(2S)-1-(tert-butylamino)-3-(2-cyclopentylphenoxy)propan-2-ol; sulfuric acid (2:1)
InChi Key
FEDSNBHHWZEYTP-ZFQYHYQMSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/2C18H29NO2.H2O4S/c2*1-18(2,3)19-12-15(20)13-21-17-11-7-6-10-16(17)14-8-4-5-9-14;1-5(2,3)4/h2*6-7,10-11,14-15,19-20H,4-5,8-9,12-13H2,1-3H3;(H2,1,2,3,4)/t2*15-;/m00./s1
SMILES Code
O[C@H](COC1=CC=CC=C1C2CCCC2)CNC(C)(C)C.O[C@H](COC3=CC=CC=C3C4CCCC4)CNC(C)(C)C.O=S(O)(O)=O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Penbutolol Sulfate is a medication in the class of beta blockers, used in the treatment of high blood pressure.
In vitro activity:
The present study assessed the usefulness of the beta-adrenolytic agent (-)-penbutolol (and its (+)-counterpart) as a 5-HT1A receptor-blocking agent. The compound was found to counteract, in a stereospecific fashion, not only the behavioural and hypothermic but also the in vivo 5-HT synthesis/turnover-reducing effects of the specific 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). These findings indicate that (-)-penbutolol is an antagonist at both postsynaptic receptors and somatodendritic autoreceptors of the 5-HT1A subtype. Reference: Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Nov 3;222(1):121-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1468487/
In vivo activity:
The relative importance of 5-HT1A and beta-adrenergic activities in the antiaggressive effects of (-)-penbutolol was studied in male mice. (-)-Penbutolol had high affinity for 5-HT1A receptors and beta-adrenoceptors, and antagonized the 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT)-induced 5-HT syndrome and the 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamin)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT)-induced discriminatory stimulus in rats. (-)-Penbutolol abolished aggressive behaviour (ED50 = 56 mumol/kg), and reversed the antiaggressive effects of 8-OH-DPAT and 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP) (ED50 = 8.1 and 2.1 mumol/kg, respectively). Reference: Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Feb 15;297(1-2):1-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8851159/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMSO 15.0 22.03
PBS (pH 7.2) 0.3 0.37
Water 5.0 14.69
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 680.94 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Hjorth S. (-)-Penbutolol as a blocker of central 5-HT1A receptor-mediated responses. Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Nov 3;222(1):121-7. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(92)90471-f. PMID: 1468487. 2. Sánchez C, Arnt J, Moltzen EK. The antiaggressive potency of (-)-penbutolol involves both 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors and beta-adrenoceptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Feb 15;297(1-2):1-8. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00727-x. PMID: 8851159.
In vitro protocol:
1. Hjorth S. (-)-Penbutolol as a blocker of central 5-HT1A receptor-mediated responses. Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Nov 3;222(1):121-7. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(92)90471-f. PMID: 1468487.
In vivo protocol:
1. Sánchez C, Arnt J, Moltzen EK. The antiaggressive potency of (-)-penbutolol involves both 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B receptors and beta-adrenoceptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Feb 15;297(1-2):1-8. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00727-x. PMID: 8851159.
1: Ita KB, Popova IE. Influence of sonophoresis and chemical penetration enhancers on percutaneous transport of penbutolol sulfate. Pharm Dev Technol. 2015 Sep 18:1-6. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26383739. 2: Ita KB, Banga AK. In vitro transdermal iontophoretic delivery of penbutolol sulfate. Drug Deliv. 2009 Jan;16(1):11-4. doi: 10.1080/10717540802396976. PubMed PMID: 19555303. 3: Lehr KH, Damm P, Hajdù P. Direct assay of conjugates of penbutolol and its metabolites in urine. Arzneimittelforschung. 1987 Dec;37(12):1373-5. PubMed PMID: 3449064. 4: Hajdú P, Damm D. Physico-chemical and anlytical studies of penbutolol. Arzneimittelforschung. 1979;29(4):602-6. PubMed PMID: 582753. 5: Lehr KH, Damm P, Fehlhaber HW, Hajdù P. Isolation, identification and in vitro synthesis of conjugates of penbutolol and its metabolites. Arzneimittelforschung. 1987 Nov;37(11):1222-4. PubMed PMID: 3440029. 6: Vierhapper H, Dudczak R, Waldhäusl W. Penbutolol: comparison of its antihypertensive effect with that of alpha-methyldopa in patients with primary hypertension. Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(6):1008-11. PubMed PMID: 7191259. 7: Zheng L, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Li L, Ma Y. [Simultaneous determination of 18 β-agonist residues in feed using QuEChERS sample preparation and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. Se Pu. 2014 Aug;32(8):867-73. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 25434124. 8: Santambrogio R, Opocher E, Bruno S, Chiesa A, Gagliano G, Rossi S, Grugni MC, Zatta G, Bestetti A, Vignati L, et al. [The noninvasive assessment of the effects of penbutolol on liver hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients using angioscintigraphy. A randomized controlled double-blind study]. Recenti Prog Med. 1990 Nov;81(11):705-9. Italian. PubMed PMID: 1962892. 9: Santambrogio R, Bruno S, Opocher E, Galeotti F, Zatta G, Grugni M, Macri M, Pisani A, Tarolo G, Spina G. Angioscintigraphic assessment of hemodynamic effects of penbutolol in cirrhotics with portal hypertension. A double-blind, randomized, controlled study. Hepatogastroenterology. 1990 Aug;37(4):398-402. PubMed PMID: 2210607. 10: Martínez Jordá R, Aguirre C, Calvo R, Rodríguez-Sasiaín JM, Erill S. Decrease in penbutolol central response as a cause of changes in its serum protein binding. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1990 Mar;42(3):164-6. PubMed PMID: 1974610. 11: Hussain SS, Aboul-Enein HY, al-Dakan A, Hannan MA. Mutagenicity of enantiomers of penbutolol. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1989 Mar;12(1):77-83. PubMed PMID: 2653789. 12: degli Uberti EC, Portaluppi F, Margutti A, Trasforini G, Bianconi M, Teodori V, Rossi R, Pansini R. Effect of penbutolol on circadian blood pressure, and renin, aldosterone and cortisol levels in patients with essential hypertension. Acta Cardiol. 1988;43(1):5-20. PubMed PMID: 3287810. 13: Brockmeier D, Hajdù P, Henke W, Mutschler E, Palm D, Rupp W, Spahn H, Verho MT, Wellstein A. Penbutolol: pharmacokinetics, effect on exercise tachycardia, and in vitro inhibition of radioligand binding. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1988;35(6):613-23. PubMed PMID: 2906875. 14: Spahn H, Kirch W, Hajdu P, Mutschler E, Ohnhaus EE. Penbutolol Pharmacokinetics: the influence of concomitant administration of cimetidine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1986;29(5):555-60. PubMed PMID: 3956561. 15: Grube E, Herzog H, Lüderitz B. [Modification of myocardial function parameters by L- and D-penbutolol--an echocardiography, placebo-controlled double-blind study]. Z Kardiol. 1985 Feb;74(2):99-105. German. PubMed PMID: 3993154. 16: Graml E, Verho M, Rangoonwala B, Englert R, Häringer E, Pahnke K. Efficacy of penbutolol and a combination of a low dose of penbutolol with piretanide in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. Pharmatherapeutica. 1985;4(4):236-43. PubMed PMID: 3903788. 17: Wellstein A, Palm D. Penbutolol: beta-adrenoceptor interaction and the time course of plasma concentrations explain its prolonged duration of action in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1985;29(3):293-300. PubMed PMID: 3000796. 18: Vander Elst E, Lawrence J, Rössner M, Mertens H. Penbutolol in hypertension, alone and in combination with furosemide. A long-term multicentre study. S Afr Med J. 1983 Jan 29;63(5):143-7. PubMed PMID: 6336854. 19: Haeringer E, Graml W, Rangoonwala B, Roessner M. Efficacy of penbutolol and a fixed combination of penbutolol with furosemide in the treatment of hypertension. Pharmatherapeutica. 1982;3(4):233-42. PubMed PMID: 7146039. 20: Ohman KP, Asplund J, Landahl S, Liander B. Penbutolol (Hoe 893d) in primary hypertension. Blood pressure effects, tolerance and plasma concentrations. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;22(2):95-9. PubMed PMID: 7047173.