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MedKoo Cat#: 317995 | Name: Hydralazine Hydrochloride
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Hydralazine Hydrochloride is a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent. Hydralazine Hydrochloride alters intracellular calcium release and interferes with smooth muscle cell calcium influx, resulting in arterial vasodilatation. This agent also inhibits the phosphorylation of myosin protein and chelation of trace metals required for smooth muscle contraction, resulting in an increase in heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. In addition to its cardiovascular effects, hydralazine inhibits DNA methyltransferase, which may result in inhibition of DNA methylation in tumor cells.

Chemical Structure

Hydralazine Hydrochloride
Hydralazine Hydrochloride
CAS#304-20-1

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317995

Name: Hydralazine Hydrochloride

CAS#: 304-20-1

Chemical Formula: C8H9ClN4

Exact Mass:

Molecular Weight: 196.64

Elemental Analysis: C, 48.86; H, 4.61; Cl, 18.03; N, 28.49

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5g USD 285.00 2 Weeks
10g USD 450.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
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Synonym
Hydralazine Hydrochloride; 1-Hydrazinophthalazine hydrochloride; Aiselazine; Apresoline; Hydralazine chloride; mono-Hydrochloride, Hydralazine; Nepresol;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
phthalazin-1-ylhydrazine;hydrochloride
InChi Key
ZUXNZUWOTSUBMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C8H8N4.ClH/c9-11-8-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)5-10-12-8;/h1-5H,9H2,(H,11,12);1H
SMILES Code
C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=NN=C2NN.Cl
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Hydralazine hydrochloride is a orally active antihypertensive agent, reduces peripheral resistance directly by relaxing the smooth muscle cell layer in arterial vessel. Hydralazine hydrochloride has antioxidant activity, as well as inhibits ROS release and O2·- generation with an IC50 value of 9.53 mM and 1.19 mM, respectively.
In vitro activity:
Congruent with mitochondrial activation, ATP was also increased in cells treated for 72 h with hydralazine (Fig. 1i). Altogether this study’s data support the hypothesis that hydralazine mediates improvement in mitochondrial function and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis. Reference: Nat Commun. 2019 Oct 28;10(1):4905. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31659167/
In vivo activity:
However, fibronectin protein expression was not significantly upregulated in the HC + GH and CH + GH groups compared to CC + GH, which suggests that gestational hydralazine exerted a protective effect in mouse offspring exposed to either maternal or dietary obesity (Figure 6B). Reference: Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Aug 18;9:705263. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34485290/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMSO 25.0 127.14
Water 32.0 162.74
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 196.64 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Dehghan E, Goodarzi M, Saremi B, Lin R, Mirzaei H. Hydralazine targets cAMP-dependent protein kinase leading to sirtuin1/5 activation and lifespan extension in C. elegans. Nat Commun. 2019 Oct 28;10(1):4905. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12425-w. PMID: 31659167; PMCID: PMC6817882. 2. Guo X, Han C, Ma K, Xia Y, Wan F, Yin S, Kou L, Sun Y, Wu J, Hu J, Huang J, Xiong N, Wang T. Hydralazine Protects Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons From MPP+ and MPTP Induced Neurotoxicity: Roles of Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway. Front Neurol. 2019 Mar 20;10:271. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00271. PMID: 30949126; PMCID: PMC6435581. 3. Larkin BP, Nguyen LT, Hou M, Glastras SJ, Chen H, Wang R, Pollock CA, Saad S. Novel Role of Gestational Hydralazine in Limiting Maternal and Dietary Obesity-Related Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Aug 18;9:705263. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705263. PMID: 34485290; PMCID: PMC8416283. 4. Larkin BP, Saad S, Glastras SJ, Nguyen LT, Hou M, Chen H, Wang R, Pollock CA. Low-dose hydralazine during gestation reduces renal fibrosis in rodent offspring exposed to maternal high fat diet. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 18;16(3):e0248854. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248854. PMID: 33735324; PMCID: PMC7971884.
In vitro protocol:
1. Dehghan E, Goodarzi M, Saremi B, Lin R, Mirzaei H. Hydralazine targets cAMP-dependent protein kinase leading to sirtuin1/5 activation and lifespan extension in C. elegans. Nat Commun. 2019 Oct 28;10(1):4905. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12425-w. PMID: 31659167; PMCID: PMC6817882. 2. Guo X, Han C, Ma K, Xia Y, Wan F, Yin S, Kou L, Sun Y, Wu J, Hu J, Huang J, Xiong N, Wang T. Hydralazine Protects Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons From MPP+ and MPTP Induced Neurotoxicity: Roles of Nrf2-ARE Signaling Pathway. Front Neurol. 2019 Mar 20;10:271. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00271. PMID: 30949126; PMCID: PMC6435581.
In vivo protocol:
1. Larkin BP, Nguyen LT, Hou M, Glastras SJ, Chen H, Wang R, Pollock CA, Saad S. Novel Role of Gestational Hydralazine in Limiting Maternal and Dietary Obesity-Related Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Aug 18;9:705263. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.705263. PMID: 34485290; PMCID: PMC8416283. 2. Larkin BP, Saad S, Glastras SJ, Nguyen LT, Hou M, Chen H, Wang R, Pollock CA. Low-dose hydralazine during gestation reduces renal fibrosis in rodent offspring exposed to maternal high fat diet. PLoS One. 2021 Mar 18;16(3):e0248854. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248854. PMID: 33735324; PMCID: PMC7971884.
1: Ruiz-Magaña MJ, Martínez-Aguilar R, Lucendo E, Campillo-Davo D, Schulze-Osthoff K, Ruiz-Ruiz C. The antihypertensive drug hydralazine activates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and causes DNA damage in leukemic T cells. Oncotarget. 2016 Mar 3. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.7871. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26942461. 2: Maille N, Gokina N, Mandalà M, Colton I, Osol G. Mechanism of hydralazine-induced relaxation in resistance arteries during pregnancy: Hydralazine induces vasodilation via a prostacyclin pathway. Vascul Pharmacol. 2016 Mar;78:36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.009. Epub 2015 Jul 18. PubMed PMID: 26196301. 3: Colzani M, De Maddis D, Casali G, Carini M, Vistoli G, Aldini G. Reactivity, Selectivity, and Reaction Mechanisms of Aminoguanidine, Hydralazine, Pyridoxamine, and Carnosine as Sequestering Agents of Reactive Carbonyl Species: A Comparative Study. ChemMedChem. 2016 Feb 17. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201500552. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26891408. 4: Khazanie P, Liang L, Curtis LH, Butler J, Eapen ZJ, Heidenreich PA, Bhatt DL, Peterson ED, Yancy CW, Fonarow GC, Hernandez AF. Clinical Effectiveness of Hydralazine-Isosorbide Dinitrate Therapy in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Findings From the Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure Registry. Circ Heart Fail. 2016 Feb;9(2):e002444. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002444. PubMed PMID: 26867758; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4755330. 5: Flynn JT, Bradford MC, Harvey EM. Intravenous Hydralazine in Hospitalized Children and Adolescents with Hypertension. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:88-92. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.07.070. Epub 2015 Sep 1. PubMed PMID: 26340877. 6: Bolattin MB, Nandibewoor ST, Chimatadar SA. Biomolecular interaction study of hydralazine with bovine serum albumin and effect of β-cyclodextrin on binding by fluorescence, 3D, synchronous, CD, and Raman spectroscopic methods. J Mol Recognit. 2016 Jan 19. doi: 10.1002/jmr.2532. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26785703. 7: Batisky DL. Helping Hospitalized Patients with Hypertension: The Case for Hydralazine. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:9-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.071. Epub 2015 Oct 17. PubMed PMID: 26490128. 8: McKay C, Hall AB, Cortes J. Time to Blood Pressure Control Before Thrombolytic Therapy in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Comparison of Labetalol, Nicardipine, and Hydralazine. J Neurosci Nurs. 2015 Dec;47(6):327-32. doi: 10.1097/JNN.0000000000000170. PubMed PMID: 26528950. 9: Farag M, Mabote T, Shoaib A, Zhang J, Nabhan AF, Clark AL, Cleland JG. Hydralazine and nitrates alone or combined for the management of chronic heart failure: A systematic review. Int J Cardiol. 2015 Oct 1;196:61-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.160. Epub 2015 Jun 3. PubMed PMID: 26073215. 10: Fakheran Esfahani O, Pouraboutaleb MF, Khorami B. Effect of hydralazine on duration of soft tissue local anesthesia following dental treatment: a randomized clinical trial. Gen Dent. 2015 Sep-Oct;63(5):39-42. PubMed PMID: 26325640. 11: Harati H, Rahmani M, Taghizadeh S. Acute Cholestatic Liver Injury From Hydralazine Intake. Am J Ther. 2015 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26291593. 12: Quaresma MV, Bernardes Filho F, Oliveira FB, Pockstaller MP, Dias MF, Azulay DR. Anti-TNF-α and hydralazine drug-induced lupus. An Bras Dermatol. 2015 May-Jun;90(3 Suppl 1):125-9. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153893. PubMed PMID: 26312694; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4540528. 13: Yiginer O, Tokatli A, Haholu A, Ozmen N. The combination of hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate: the only antioxidant treatment recommended in the guidelines. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2015 May;19(10):1745-6. PubMed PMID: 26044213. 14: Parker LM, Damanhuri HA, Fletcher SP, Goodchild AK. Hydralazine administration activates sympathetic preganglionic neurons whose activity mobilizes glucose and increases cardiovascular function. Brain Res. 2015 Apr 16;1604:25-34. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.049. Epub 2015 Feb 7. PubMed PMID: 25662772. 15: Sharma C, Badyal PN, Rawal RK. Simultaneous Estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide, Hydralazine Hydrochloride, and Reserpine Using PCA, NAS, and NAS-PCA. Sci Pharm. 2015 Jun 22;83(4):599-610. doi: 10.3797/scipharm.1505-03. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 26839841; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4727726. 16: Tampe B, Tampe D, Zeisberg EM, Müller GA, Bechtel-Walz W, Koziolek M, Kalluri R, Zeisberg M. Induction of Tet3-dependent Epigenetic Remodeling by Low-dose Hydralazine Attenuates Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease. EBioMedicine. 2015 Jan;2(1):19-36. PubMed PMID: 25717475; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4337426. 17: Melton D, Lewis CD, Price NE, Gates KS. Covalent adduct formation between the antihypertensive drug hydralazine and abasic sites in double- and single-stranded DNA. Chem Res Toxicol. 2014 Dec 15;27(12):2113-8. doi: 10.1021/tx5003657. Epub 2014 Nov 18. PubMed PMID: 25405892; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4269403. 18: McNamara DM, Taylor AL, Tam SW, Worcel M, Yancy CW, Hanley-Yanez K, Cohn JN, Feldman AM. G-protein beta-3 subunit genotype predicts enhanced benefit of fixed-dose isosorbide dinitrate and hydralazine: results of A-HeFT. JACC Heart Fail. 2014 Dec;2(6):551-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2014.04.016. Epub 2014 Oct 8. PubMed PMID: 25306451. 19: Alansari A, Quiel L, Boma N. A One-Two Punch: Hydralazine-Induced Liver Injury in a Recovering Ischemic Hepatitis. Am J Ther. 2014 Nov 24. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 25423497. 20: Dueñas-Gonzalez A, Coronel J, Cetina L, González-Fierro A, Chavez-Blanco A, Taja-Chayeb L. Hydralazine-valproate: a repositioned drug combination for the epigenetic therapy of cancer. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2014 Oct;10(10):1433-44. doi: 10.1517/17425255.2014.947263. Epub 2014 Aug 25. Review. PubMed PMID: 25154405.