Synonym
Famotidine, Famotidine Hydrochloride, MK-208, Pepcid, YM-11170, YM11170, YM 11170, MK 208, MK208
IUPAC/Chemical Name
(Z)-3-(((2-((diaminomethylene)amino)thiazol-4-yl)methyl)thio)-N'-sulfamoylpropanimidamide
InChi Key
XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C8H15N7O2S3/c9-6(15-20(12,16)17)1-2-18-3-5-4-19-8(13-5)14-7(10)11/h4H,1-3H2,(H2,9,15)(H2,12,16,17)(H4,10,11,13,14)
SMILES Code
N/C(N)=N\C1=NC(CSCC/C(N)=N/S(=O)(N)=O)=CS1
Appearance
White to off-white solid powder.
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Famotidine (MK-208) is a competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits of gastric secretion.
In vitro activity:
It was first attempted to examine the effect of H2 blockers on the expression of key markers for ossification, Col10a1 and osteocalcin, in a tendon cell line, TT-D6. Col10a1 is a marker of hypertrophic chondrocytes,15 which not only calcify themselves but also induce the differentiation of osteoblast precursors; osteocalcin is a marker of osteoblasts. As shown in Figure 1A and B, the mRNA expressions of Col10a1 and osteocalcin in TT-D6 were significantly reduced by famotidine treatment in a dose-dependent manner; 100 nM of famotidine decreased the expressions of Col10a1 and osteocalcin by around 40% and 70%, respectively, as compared to control. These data suggest that famotidine inhibits osteogenic differentiation of tendon cells in vitro.
Reference: J Orthop Res. 2012 Dec;30(12):1958-62. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22592911/
In vivo activity:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of the H2 blocker famotidine for ectopic ossification in the cervical spine in an OPLL mouse model. The H2 blocker famotidine was orally administered to Enpp1ttw/ttw mice, a model of OPLL, at either 4 or 15 weeks of age at a dose of 0.667 μg/g/day. The ectopic ossification was smaller in the famotidine group than in controls (figure 1A). Quantitative analyses revealed that volume and mineral content of calcified ligaments were both significantly smaller in the famotidine group than in controls. Next, survival rates in Enpp1ttw/ttw mice with or without famotidine were assessed. mice exposed to famotidine from 4 weeks of age lived longer than those exposed to famotidine from 15 weeks of age or controls. There was no marked difference in survival rates between the latter two groups. Female mice died earlier than male mice. These data suggest that famotidine administration from an early phase of the disease progression can reduce mortality caused by ectopic ossification in the cervical spine.
Reference: RMD Open. 2015; 1(1): e000068. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4612692/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
58.0 |
171.88 |
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
337.45
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Yamamoto K, Hojo H, Koshima I, Chung UI, Ohba S. Famotidine suppresses osteogenic differentiation of tendon cells in vitro and pathological calcification of tendon in vivo. J Orthop Res. 2012 Dec;30(12):1958-62. doi: 10.1002/jor.22146. Epub 2012 May 16. PMID: 22592911. 2. Özer M, Duman M, Taş Ş, Demırcı Y, Aydin MF, Reyhan E, Atici AE, Bostanci EB, Akoğlu M, Genç E. In vitro effects of famotidine and ranitidine on lower esophageal sphincter tone in rats. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2012;23(5):438-43. doi: 10.4318/tjg.2012.0448. PMID: 23161288.
3. Saheera S, Potnuri AG, Nair R. Histamine-2 receptor antagonist famotidine modulates cardiac stem cell characteristics in hypertensive heart disease. PeerJ. 2017 Oct 9;5:e3882. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3882. PMID: 29038754; PMCID: PMC5637875
4. Maeda Y, Yamamoto K, Yamakawa A, Aini H, Takato T, Chung UI, Ohba S. The H2 blocker famotidine suppresses progression of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in a mouse model. RMD Open. 2015 May 14;1(1):e000068. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen2015-000068. PMID: 26509067; PMCID: PMC4612692.
In vitro protocol:
1. Yamamoto K, Hojo H, Koshima I, Chung UI, Ohba S. Famotidine suppresses osteogenic differentiation of tendon cells in vitro and pathological calcification of tendon in vivo. J Orthop Res. 2012 Dec;30(12):1958-62. doi: 10.1002/jor.22146. Epub 2012 May 16. PMID: 22592911. 2. Özer M, Duman M, Taş Ş, Demırcı Y, Aydin MF, Reyhan E, Atici AE, Bostanci EB, Akoğlu M, Genç E. In vitro effects of famotidine and ranitidine on lower esophageal sphincter tone in rats. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2012;23(5):438-43. doi: 10.4318/tjg.2012.0448. PMID: 23161288.
In vivo protocol:
1. Saheera S, Potnuri AG, Nair R. Histamine-2 receptor antagonist famotidine modulates cardiac stem cell characteristics in hypertensive heart disease. PeerJ. 2017 Oct 9;5:e3882. doi: 10.7717/peerj.3882. PMID: 29038754; PMCID: PMC5637875. 2. Maeda Y, Yamamoto K, Yamakawa A, Aini H, Takato T, Chung UI, Ohba S. The H2 blocker famotidine suppresses progression of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in a mouse model. RMD Open. 2015 May 14;1(1):e000068. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen2015-000068. PMID: 26509067; PMCID: PMC4612692.
1: Lin SY. An overview of famotidine polymorphs: solid-state characteristics, thermodynamics, polymorphic transformation and quality control. Pharm Res. 2014 Jul;31(7):1619-31. doi: 10.1007/s11095-014-1323-5. Epub 2014 Mar 1. Review. PubMed PMID: 24577998.
2: Deeks ED. Fixed-dose ibuprofen/famotidine: a review of its use to reduce the risk of gastric and duodenal ulcers in patients requiring NSAID therapy. Clin Drug Investig. 2013 Sep;33(9):689-97. doi: 10.1007/s40261-013-0113-x. Review. PubMed PMID: 23881568.
3: Schiff M, Peura D. HZT-501 (DUEXIS(®); ibuprofen 800 mg/famotidine 26.6 mg) gastrointestinal protection in the treatment of the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012 Feb;6(1):25-35. doi: 10.1586/egh.11.88. Review. PubMed PMID: 22149579.
4: Tyre CC, Quan W. Nursing care of patients receiving high-dose, continuous-infusion interleukin-2 with pulse dose and famotidine. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2007 Aug;11(4):513-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 17723964.
5: Martinez MC. Famotidine in the management of schizophrenia. Ann Pharmacother. 1999 Jun;33(6):742-7. Review. PubMed PMID: 10410190.
6: James LP, Kearns GL. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of famotidine in paediatric patients. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1996 Aug;31(2):103-10. Review. PubMed PMID: 8853932.
7: Howden CW, Tytgat GN. The tolerability and safety profile of famotidine. Clin Ther. 1996 Jan-Feb;18(1):36-54; discussion 35. Review. PubMed PMID: 8851452.
8: Golochevskaia VS. [Clinical aspects of Kvamatel (famotidine) administration]. Klin Med (Mosk). 1996;74(1):45-7. Review. Russian. PubMed PMID: 8649009.
9: Lengyel G, Fehér J. [Famotidine in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer]. Orv Hetil. 1994 Oct 16;135(42):2299-304. Review. Hungarian. PubMed PMID: 7970643.
10: Guimaraens D, Gonzales MA, Condé-Salazar L. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis from intermediate products in famotidine synthesis. Contact Dermatitis. 1994 Oct;31(4):259-60. Review. PubMed PMID: 7842684.
11: Yoshimoto K, Saima S, Echizen H, Nakamura Y, Kondo T, Yagishita Y, Ishizaki T. Famotidine-associated central nervous system reactions and plasma and cerebrospinal drug concentrations in neurosurgical patients with renal failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Jun;55(6):693-700. Review. PubMed PMID: 8004885.
12: Wesdorp IC. Famotidine in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Hepatogastroenterology. 1992 Feb;39 Suppl 1:24-6. Review. PubMed PMID: 1577391.
13: Echizen H, Ishizaki T. Clinical pharmacokinetics of famotidine. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1991 Sep;21(3):178-94. Review. PubMed PMID: 1764869.
14: Grigor'ev PIa, Isakov VA, Iakovenko EP, Davydov SM, Vasil'eva ZI. [Famotidine--a new histamine H2 receptor blockader]. Klin Med (Mosk). 1991 Apr;69(4):23-8. Review. Russian. PubMed PMID: 1865643.
15: Dammann HG. Clinical efficacy of famotidine in the treatment of acid-related diseases: an overview. Hepatogastroenterology. 1990 Jul;37 Suppl 1:2-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 2210612.
16: Langtry HD, Grant SM, Goa KL. Famotidine. An updated review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic use in peptic ulcer disease and other allied diseases. Drugs. 1989 Oct;38(4):551-90. Review. PubMed PMID: 2573505.
17: Gitnick G. Famotidine in the USA: a review of efficacy studies. J Int Med Res. 1989;17 Suppl 1:17A-24A. Review. PubMed PMID: 2566539.
18: Berardi RR, Tankanow RM, Nostrant TT. Comparison of famotidine with cimetidine and ranitidine. Clin Pharm. 1988 Apr;7(4):271-84. Review. PubMed PMID: 2896559.
19: Mann SG. The place of famotidine in anti-ulcer therapy. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1987;1 Suppl 1:504S-509S. Review. PubMed PMID: 2979698.
20: Humphries TJ. Famotidine: a notable lack of drug interactions. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1987;134:55-60. Review. PubMed PMID: 2889260.
