Azelastine HCl | CAS#79307-93-0 | H1-receptor antagonist

MedKoo Cat#: 317302 | Name: Azelastine HCl

Featured

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Azelastine HCl is a potent and selective H1-receptor antagonist, with antiallergic effects related to histamine antagonism, and further antiallergic and anti-inflammatory effects unrelated to H1-receptor binding. Azelastine HCl is an activator of NF-kB activator. Azelastine hydrochloride has been used in a study to investigate the potential of polymeric microspheres for treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. Azelastine is shown to block secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF alpha from mast cells by inhibiting NF-κB activation.

Chemical Structure

Azelastine HCl

CAS#79307-93-0 (HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317302

Name: Azelastine HCl

CAS#: 79307-93-0 (HCl)

Chemical Formula: C22H25Cl2N3O

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 418.36

Elemental Analysis: C, 63.16; H, 6.02; Cl, 16.95; N, 10.04; O, 3.82

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability
1g	USD 250.00	2 Weeks
2g	USD 400.00	2 Weeks
5g	USD 750.00	2 Weeks

Bulk Inquiry

Buy Now

Add to Cart

Related CAS #

79307-93-0 (HCl) 143228-85-7 (S-isomer) 143228-84-6 (R-isomer) 153408-27-6 (S-isomer HCl) 153408-28-7 (R-isomer HCl)

Synonym

Azelastine HCl; Astelin; Optivar; Allergodil; Rhinolast; Azeptin

IUPAC/Chemical Name

4-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-(1-methylazepan-4-yl)phthalazin-1-one, hydrochloride

InChi Key

YEJAJYAHJQIWNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C22H24ClN3O.ClH/c1-25-13-4-5-18(12-14-25)26-22(27)20-7-3-2-6-19(20)21(24-26)15-16-8-10-17(23)11-9-16;/h2-3,6-11,18H,4-5,12-15H2,1H3;1H

SMILES Code

CN1CCCC(CC1)N2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=N2)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)Cl.Cl

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO, not in water

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

Azelastine hydrochloridem, an antihistamine, is a potent and selective histamine 1 (H1) antagonist.

In vitro activity:

HT29, DLD1, and HCT116 cells were exposed to different azelastine concentrations for up to 72 h followed by the WST-1 assay. As displayed in Figure 1C, CRC cell viability was significantly reduced with increasing concentration of azelastine. Besides, azelastine significantly decreased both anchorage-dependent and -independent colony formation abilities of CRC cells, as determined by the colony formation and soft agar assays (Figure S1A-B). The annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining assay was used to analyze azelastine's effect on apoptosis. The results indicated apoptosis induction in a dose-dependent manner in HT29, DLD1, and HCT116 cells (Figure 1D), which was also confirmed by the increased cleaved caspase-3 expression upon azelastine treatment (Figure 1E). Reference: Theranostics. 2021; 11(4): 1828–1844. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7778598/

In vivo activity:

Azelastine significantly reduced blood glucose, HbA1c and serum ALP, OCN, downregulated apo B, improved the lipid profile (LDL-c decrease and HDL-c increase), attenuated calcium deposition and aortic calcification as compared to control rat group. Reference: Arch Physiol Biochem. 2020 Jul 2:1-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32615812/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	DMSO	48.0	114.73
	DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:3)	0.3	0.60
	DMF	1.0	2.39
	Ethanol	24.1	100.69
	Water	20.8	49.81

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 418.36 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Ge S, Lu J, Hou Y, Lv Y, Wang C, He H. Azelastine inhibits viropexis of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus by binding to SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2. Virology. 2021 Aug;560:110-115. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.05.009. Epub 2021 May 25. PMID: 34052578; PMCID: PMC8144927. 2. Hu HF, Xu WW, Li YJ, He Y, Zhang WX, Liao L, Zhang QH, Han L, Yin XF, Zhao XX, Pan YL, Li B, He QY. Anti-allergic drug azelastine suppresses colon tumorigenesis by directly targeting ARF1 to inhibit IQGAP1-ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Theranostics. 2021 Jan 1;11(4):1828-1844. doi: 10.7150/thno.48698. PMID: 33408784; PMCID: PMC7778598. 3. Elseweidy MM, Elnagar GM, Elsawy MM, Zein N. Azelastine a potent antihistamine agent, as hypolipidemic and modulator for aortic calcification in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats model. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2020 Jul 2:1-8. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1786129. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32615812.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Elseweidy MM, Elnagar GM, Elsawy MM, Zein N. Azelastine a potent antihistamine agent, as hypolipidemic and modulator for aortic calcification in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats model. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2020 Jul 2:1-8. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1786129. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32615812. 2. Hu HF, Xu WW, Li YJ, He Y, Zhang WX, Liao L, Zhang QH, Han L, Yin XF, Zhao XX, Pan YL, Li B, He QY. Anti-allergic drug azelastine suppresses colon tumorigenesis by directly targeting ARF1 to inhibit IQGAP1-ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Theranostics. 2021 Jan 1;11(4):1828-1844. doi: 10.7150/thno.48698. PMID: 33408784; PMCID: PMC7778598.

1: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006–. Azelastine. 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 30000120. 2: Mother To Baby | Fact Sheets [Internet]. Brentwood (TN): Organization of Teratology Information Specialists (OTIS); 1994–. Azelastine (Astelin®, Optivar®). 2023 Jan. PMID: 35951856. 3: Hu HF, Xu WW, Li YJ, He Y, Zhang WX, Liao L, Zhang QH, Han L, Yin XF, Zhao XX, Pan YL, Li B, He QY. Anti-allergic drug azelastine suppresses colon tumorigenesis by directly targeting ARF1 to inhibit IQGAP1-ERK-Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission. Theranostics. 2021 Jan 1;11(4):1828-1844. doi: 10.7150/thno.48698. PMID: 33408784; PMCID: PMC7778598. 4: Azelastine/fluticasone propionate(Dymista) for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2012 Oct 29;54(1402):85-7. PMID: 23114738. 5: Bernstein JA. Azelastine hydrochloride: a review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and tolerability. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Oct;23(10):2441-52. doi: 10.1185/030079907X226302. PMID: 17723160. 6: McTavish D, Sorkin EM. Azelastine. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential. Drugs. 1989 Nov;38(5):778-800. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198938050-00005. PMID: 2574665. 7: Nguyen PL, Bui BP, Duong MTH, Lee K, Ahn HC, Cho J. Suppression of LPS- Induced Inflammation and Cell Migration by Azelastine through Inhibition of JNK/NF-κB Pathway in BV2 Microglial Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 23;22(16):9061. doi: 10.3390/ijms22169061. PMID: 34445767; PMCID: PMC8396433. 8: McNeely W, Wiseman LR. Intranasal azelastine. A review of its efficacy in the management of allergic rhinitis. Drugs. 1998 Jul;56(1):91-114. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199856010-00011. Erratum in: Drugs 1999 Jan;57(1):8. PMID: 9664202. 9: Kaliner MA. Azelastine and olopatadine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2009 Nov;103(5):373-80. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60355-9. PMID: 19927534. 10: Lieberman PL, Settipane RA. Azelastine nasal spray: a review of pharmacology and clinical efficacy in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2003 Mar-Apr;24(2):95-105. PMID: 12776442. 11: Chand N, Sofia RD. Azelastine--a novel in vivo inhibitor of leukotriene biosynthesis: a possible mechanism of action: a mini review. J Asthma. 1995;32(3):227-34. doi: 10.3109/02770909509089512. PMID: 7759463. 12: Berger WE, Mustakov TB, Kralimarkova TZ, Christoff G, Popov TA. Treatment with azelastine hydrochloride and fluticasone propionate in a single delivery device of young children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2020 Jul 1;41(4):232-239. doi: 10.2500/aap.2020.41.200034. PMID: 32605694. 13: Trybus E, Król T, Trybus W. The Multidirectional Effect of Azelastine Hydrochloride on Cervical Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 May 24;23(11):5890. doi: 10.3390/ijms23115890. PMID: 35682572; PMCID: PMC9180047. 14: Ge S, Lu J, Hou Y, Lv Y, Wang C, He H. Azelastine inhibits viropexis of SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudovirus by binding to SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2. Virology. 2021 Aug;560:110-115. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2021.05.009. Epub 2021 May 25. PMID: 34052578; PMCID: PMC8144927. 15: Elseweidy MM, Elnagar GM, Elsawy MM, Zein N. Azelastine a potent antihistamine agent, as hypolipidemic and modulator for aortic calcification in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats model. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2022 Dec;128(6):1611-1618. doi: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1786129. Epub 2020 Jul 2. PMID: 32615812. 16: Golden SJ, Craig TJ. Efficacy and safety of azelastine nasal spray for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1999 Jul;99(7 Suppl):S7-12. doi: 10.7556/jaoa.1999.99.7.s7. PMID: 10478514. 17: Szelenyi I, Achterrath-Tuckermann U, Schmidt J, Minker E, Paegelow I, Werner H. Azelastine: a multifaceted drug for asthma therapy. Agents Actions Suppl. 1991;34:295-311. PMID: 1686526. 18: Lee C, Corren J. Review of azelastine nasal spray in the treatment of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007 Apr;8(5):701-9. doi: 10.1517/14656566.8.5.701. PMID: 17376024. 19: Bielory L, Buddiga P, Bigelson S. Ocular allergy treatment comparisons: azelastine and olopatadine. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2004 Jul;4(4):320-5. doi: 10.1007/s11882-004-0078-1. PMID: 15175148. 20: In Brief: OTC azelastine nasal spray 0.15% (Astepro Allergy) for allergic rhinitis. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2022 Oct 31;64(1662):175-176. PMID: 36383771.