Synonym
Nalmefene Hydrochloride; Nalmefene HCl;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
17-(Cyclopropylmethyl)-4,5alpha-epoxy-6-methylenemorphinan-3,14-diol hydrochloride
InChi Key
GYWMRGWFQPSQLK-WFYNUGCWSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C21H25NO3.ClH/c1-12-6-7-21(24)16-10-14-4-5-15(23)18-17(14)20(21,19(12)25-18)8-9-22(16)11-13-2-3-13;/h4-5,13,16,19,23-24H,1-3,6-11H2;1H/t16-,19-,20+,21-;/m1./s1
SMILES Code
OC(C1=C2[C@@]34[C@@H]5O1)=CC=C2C[C@@H](N(CC6CC6)CC4)[C@]3(O)CCC5=C.[H]Cl
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Nalmefene HCl is an antagonist of the opioid receptors.
In vitro activity:
This study investigated whether nalmefene, an opioid receptor inhibitor, could inhibit CT26 colon cancer cell growth through influencing cell glycolysis. CCK8 and transwell migration assays showed that nalmefene inhibited CT26 cells viability and migration in a concentration-dependent manner. In conclusion, the anti-tumor effect of nalmefene may be achieved by inhibiting opioid receptor and down-regulating calmodulin expression and CaMK II phosphorylation, thus inhibiting AKT-GSK-3β pathway and the glycolysis of CT26 cells.
Reference: Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2018 Feb 1;50(2):156-163. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29267844/
In vivo activity:
This study examined the effects of NMF (nalmefene) pretreatment on chronic daily extended access (4h) cocaine intravenous self-administration (IVSA) in adult male C57Bl/6J mice. Acute pretreatment of 1 mg/kg NMF significantly potentiated cocaine motivation as measured by progressive ratio breakpoint.
Reference: Neuropharmacology. 2021 Jul 1;192:108590. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33974940/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
37.6 |
100.00 |
| Water |
37.6 |
100.00 |
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
375.89
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Wu Q, Chen X, Wang J, Sun P, Weng M, Chen W, Sun Z, Zhu M, Miao C. Nalmefene attenuates malignant potential in colorectal cancer cell via inhibition of opioid receptor. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2018 Feb 1;50(2):156-163. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmx131. PMID: 29267844.
2. Windisch KA, Morochnik M, Reed B, Kreek MJ. Nalmefene, a mu opioid receptor antagonist/kappa opioid receptor partial agonist, potentiates cocaine motivation but not intake with extended access self-administration in adult male mice. Neuropharmacology. 2021 Jul 1;192:108590. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108590. Epub 2021 May 8. PMID: 33974940.
3. Browne CA, Smith T, Lucki I. Behavioral effects of the kappa opioid receptor partial agonist nalmefene in tests relevant to depression. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020 Apr 5;872:172948. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172948. Epub 2020 Jan 25. PMID: 31991139.
In vitro protocol:
1. Wu Q, Chen X, Wang J, Sun P, Weng M, Chen W, Sun Z, Zhu M, Miao C. Nalmefene attenuates malignant potential in colorectal cancer cell via inhibition of opioid receptor. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2018 Feb 1;50(2):156-163. doi: 10.1093/abbs/gmx131. PMID: 29267844.
In vivo protocol:
1. Windisch KA, Morochnik M, Reed B, Kreek MJ. Nalmefene, a mu opioid receptor antagonist/kappa opioid receptor partial agonist, potentiates cocaine motivation but not intake with extended access self-administration in adult male mice. Neuropharmacology. 2021 Jul 1;192:108590. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108590. Epub 2021 May 8. PMID: 33974940.
2. Browne CA, Smith T, Lucki I. Behavioral effects of the kappa opioid receptor partial agonist nalmefene in tests relevant to depression. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020 Apr 5;872:172948. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172948. Epub 2020 Jan 25. PMID: 31991139.
1: Seidi S, Yamini Y, Rezazadeh M, Esrafili A. Low-voltage electrically-enhanced microextraction as a novel technique for simultaneous extraction of acidic and basic drugs from biological fluids. J Chromatogr A. 2012 Jun 22;1243:6-13. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.04.050. Epub 2012 Apr 26. PubMed PMID: 22575744.
2: Mason BJ, Ritvo EC, Morgan RO, Salvato FR, Goldberg G, Welch B, Mantero-Atienza E. A double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral nalmefene HCl for alcohol dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1994 Oct;18(5):1162-7. PubMed PMID: 7847600.
3: Simpkins JW, Swager D, Millard WJ. Evaluation of the sites of opioid influence on anterior pituitary hormone secretion using a quaternary opiate antagonist. Neuroendocrinology. 1991 Oct;54(4):384-90. PubMed PMID: 1661859.
4: Fudala PJ, Johnson RE, Heishman SJ, Cone EJ, Henningfield JE. A dose run-up and safety evaluation of nalmefene HCl in human volunteers. NIDA Res Monogr. 1989;95:451-2. PubMed PMID: 2641028.
5: Simpkins JW, Smulkowski M, Dixon R, Tuttle R. Evidence for the delivery of narcotic antagonists to the colon as their glucuronide conjugates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988 Jan;244(1):195-205. PubMed PMID: 3335997.
6: Dixon R, Gentile J, Hsu HB, Hsiao J, Howes J, Garg D, Weidler D. Nalmefene: safety and kinetics after single and multiple oral doses of a new opioid antagonist. J Clin Pharmacol. 1987 Mar;27(3):233-9. PubMed PMID: 3680580.
