Synonym
Clazuril; R 62690; R-62690; R62690;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
2-(2-chloro-4-(3,5-dioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-2(3H)-yl)phenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetonitrile
InChi Key
QUUTUGLQZLNABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C17H10Cl2N4O2/c18-11-3-1-10(2-4-11)14(8-20)13-6-5-12(7-15(13)19)23-17(25)22-16(24)9-21-23/h1-7,9,14H,(H,22,24,25)
SMILES Code
N#CC(C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)C2=CC=C(N(C(N3)=O)N=CC3=O)C=C2Cl
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.03.00
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
373.19
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
1: Vanparijs O, Hermans L, Van der Flaes L, Vlaminck K, Marsboom R. [Clazuril: a new anticoccidial agent for pigeons]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1988 Feb 15;113(4):190-4. Dutch. PubMed PMID: 3376073.
2: Vercruysse J. Efficacy of toltrazuril and clazuril against experimental infections with Eimeria labbeana and E. columbarum in racing pigeons. Avian Dis. 1990 Jan-Mar;34(1):73-9. PubMed PMID: 2322230.
3: Maes L, Coussement W, Desplenter L, Marsboom R. [Safety of a new anticoccidial agent, clazuril, during reproduction in carrier pigeons]. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd. 1988 Feb 15;113(4):195-204. Dutch. PubMed PMID: 3376074.
4: Giorgi M, Soldani G. Pharmacokinetic study of clazuril (Appertex) in eggs and plasma from laying hens after single or multiple treatments, using a new HPLC method for detection. Br Poult Sci. 2008 Sep;49(5):609-18. doi: 10.1080/00071660802294566. PubMed PMID: 18836908.
5: Coussement W, Maes L, Vanparijs O, Marsboom R. Action of the anticoccidial clazuril on the endogenous stages of Eimeria labbeana and E columbarum in experimentally infected pigeons. Res Vet Sci. 1988 Jul;45(1):117-9. PubMed PMID: 3222541.
6: Krautwald-Junghanns ME, Zebisch R, Schmidt V. Relevance and treatment of coccidiosis in domestic pigeons (Columba livia forma domestica) with particular emphasis on toltrazuril. J Avian Med Surg. 2009 Mar;23(1):1-5. Review. PubMed PMID: 19530399.
7: Carpenter JW, Novilla MN, Hatfield JS. Efficacy of selected coccidiostats in sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) following challenge. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2005 Sep;36(3):391-400. PubMed PMID: 17312756.
8: Fodey TL, Delahaut P, Elliott CT. Use of antigen mimics to produce specific antibodies to anti-coccidial drugs. J Immunol Methods. 2007 May 31;323(1):31-8. Epub 2007 Apr 3. PubMed PMID: 17433817.
9: Olejnik M, Szprengier-Juszkiewicz T, Jedziniak P. Multi-residue confirmatory method for the determination of twelve coccidiostats in chicken liver using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A. 2009 Nov 13;1216(46):8141-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.097. Epub 2009 May 13. PubMed PMID: 19481216.
10: Stock ML, Elazab ST, Hsu WH. Review of triazine antiprotozoal drugs used in veterinary medicine. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2018 Apr;41(2):184-194. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12450. Epub 2017 Aug 17. Review. PubMed PMID: 28833212.
11: Pietruk K, Olejnik M, Posyniak A. Coccidiostats in milk: development of a multi-residue method and transfer of salinomycin and lasalocid from contaminated feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2018 Jun 6:1-11. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2018.1461256. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29648988.
