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MedKoo Cat#: 461009 | Name: Flunarizine hydrochloride
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Flunarizine hydrochloride is a calcium antagonist. It has been reported to induce parkinsonism, especially in the elderly.

Chemical Structure

Flunarizine hydrochloride
Flunarizine hydrochloride
CAS#30484-77-6 (2HCl)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 461009

Name: Flunarizine hydrochloride

CAS#: 30484-77-6 (2HCl)

Chemical Formula: C26H28Cl2F2N2

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 477.42

Elemental Analysis: C, 65.41; H, 5.91; Cl, 14.85; F, 7.96; N, 5.87

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
1g USD 250.00 2 Weeks
2g USD 350.00 2 Weeks
5g USD 650.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
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Synonym
Flunarizine dihydrochloride; Flunarizine hydrochloride; Flunarizine 2HCl; Flunarizine HCl; R 14950; R-14950; R14950; NSC 757807; NSC757807; NSC-757807
IUPAC/Chemical Name
1-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)-4-cinnamylpiperazine dihydrochloride
InChi Key
RXKMOPXNWTYEHI-RDRKJGRWSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C26H26F2N2.2ClH/c27-24-12-8-22(9-13-24)26(23-10-14-25(28)15-11-23)30-19-17-29(18-20-30)16-4-7-21-5-2-1-3-6-21;;/h1-15,26H,16-20H2;2*1H/b7-4+;;
SMILES Code
FC1=CC=C(C(N2CCN(C/C=C/C3=CC=CC=C3)CC2)C4=CC=C(F)C=C4)C=C1.[H]Cl.[H]Cl
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.03.00
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Flunarizine dihydrochloride is a potent dual Na+/Ca2+ channel (T-type) blocker.
In vitro activity:
Application of FLN (flunarizine) produced a significant cytotoxic effect on U-87 MG (Fig. 1A), LN-229 (Fig. 1B), and U-118 MG (Fig. 1C) cells. The results of cell survival and colony formation assay suggested that FLN exhibited anti-proliferation activity in GBM cells. Reference: Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Feb 5;892:173756. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33245897/
In vivo activity:
The flunarizine treatment significantly extended lifespan of ≈40% with a shift in mean survival of SMA mice (16.3 versus 11.7 days; Mantel-Cox test, p = 0.0002). Reference: Sci Rep. 2018; 8: 2075. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5794986/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMSO 23.2 48.53
DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:2) 0.3 0.69
DMF 1.0 2.09
Ethanol 2.0 4.19
Water 1.0 2.09
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 477.42 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Kim HJ, Lee J, Lee GR, Kim N, Lee HI, Kwon M, Kim NY, Park JH, Kang YH, Song HJ, Kim T, Shin DM, Jeong W. Flunarizine inhibits osteoclastogenesis by regulating calcium signaling and promotes osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Jun 30. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30496. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34192358. 2. Chen SH, Chao CN, Chen SY, Lin HP, Huang HY, Fang CY. Flunarizine, a drug approved for treating migraine and vertigo, exhibits cytotoxicity in GBM cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Feb 5;892:173756. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173756. Epub 2020 Nov 25. PMID: 33245897. 3. Sapaly D, Dos Santos M, Delers P, Biondi O, Quérol G, Houdebine L, Khoobarry K, Girardet F, Burlet P, Armand AS, Chanoine C, Bureau JF, Charbonnier F, Lefebvre S. Small-molecule flunarizine increases SMN protein in nuclear Cajal bodies and motor function in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 1;8(1):2075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20219-1. PMID: 29391529; PMCID: PMC5794986.
In vitro protocol:
1. Kim HJ, Lee J, Lee GR, Kim N, Lee HI, Kwon M, Kim NY, Park JH, Kang YH, Song HJ, Kim T, Shin DM, Jeong W. Flunarizine inhibits osteoclastogenesis by regulating calcium signaling and promotes osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Jun 30. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30496. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34192358. 2. Chen SH, Chao CN, Chen SY, Lin HP, Huang HY, Fang CY. Flunarizine, a drug approved for treating migraine and vertigo, exhibits cytotoxicity in GBM cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2021 Feb 5;892:173756. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173756. Epub 2020 Nov 25. PMID: 33245897.
In vivo protocol:
1. Kim HJ, Lee J, Lee GR, Kim N, Lee HI, Kwon M, Kim NY, Park JH, Kang YH, Song HJ, Kim T, Shin DM, Jeong W. Flunarizine inhibits osteoclastogenesis by regulating calcium signaling and promotes osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol. 2021 Jun 30. doi: 10.1002/jcp.30496. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34192358. 2. Sapaly D, Dos Santos M, Delers P, Biondi O, Quérol G, Houdebine L, Khoobarry K, Girardet F, Burlet P, Armand AS, Chanoine C, Bureau JF, Charbonnier F, Lefebvre S. Small-molecule flunarizine increases SMN protein in nuclear Cajal bodies and motor function in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy. Sci Rep. 2018 Feb 1;8(1):2075. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20219-1. PMID: 29391529; PMCID: PMC5794986.
1: Niu J, Hu R. Role of flunarizine hydrochloride in secondary brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2017 Dec;30(4):413-419. doi: 10.1177/0394632017742224. Epub 2017 Nov 22. PubMed PMID: 29164980; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5806815. 2: Shu ZH, Wang GQ, Li MQ, Wang XG. [Clinical efficacy on vertebrobasilar insufficiency treated with auricular acupuncture]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2014 Dec;34(12):1161-4. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 25876341. 3: Sun L, Liang Y, Li X, Liu L, Xu X, Ma H, Li W, Shi Fei, Gao F. [Efficacy of acupuncture combined with auricular point sticking on the content of serum prostaglandin F2α, and plasma arginine vasopressin in patients with menstrual headache]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2015 Feb;35(2):137-40. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 25854019. 4: Sun LH, Li XH, Li WL, Liu L, Ma HL, Liang YL. [Body acupuncture combined with auricular acupressure for menstrual headache: a randomized controlled clinical trial]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 2015 Feb;40(1):70-4. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 25845225. 5: Zhang H, Geng M, Yan B, Lu X. [Epley's manoeuvre versus Epley's manoeuvre plus labyrinthine sedative in the management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: prospective, randomised study]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2012 Aug;26(16):750-2. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 23213757. 6: Luo GG, Fan WJ, Yuan XY, Yuan BB, Lü SM, Cao YX, Xu CB. [The pharmacological mechanism of gastrodin on calcitonin gene-related peptide of cultured rat trigeminal ganglion]. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 2011 Dec;46(12):1451-6. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 22375417. 7: Jiang X, Bai Y, Ling X, Han F, Li R, Cui J. Simultaneous determination of 4-methyl-piperazine-1-carbodithioc acid 3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl ester hydrochloride and its major metabolite in rats by HPLC. J Chromatogr Sci. 2010 Feb;48(2):125-9. PubMed PMID: 20109290. 8: Zhang Y, Zhang L, Li B, Wang LP. [Effects of acupuncture preventive treatment on the quality of life in patients of no-aura migraine]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2009 Jun;29(6):431-5. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 19563186. 9: Kong X, Ma F, Xin Y, Zhao Y, Li N. [Efficacy of carbamazepine combined with flunarizine hydrochloride for treating tinnitus]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Nov;22(22):1016-8, 1022. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 19266814. 10: She X, Wu L, Wei H, Liu W, Chen Y. Determination of oxatomide in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr. 2008 Jul;22(7):746-52. doi: 10.1002/bmc.992. PubMed PMID: 18348338. 11: Ma FR, Xin Y, Zhao YM, Lü JQ. [Efficacy of Betahistine Mesilate combined with Flunarizine Hydrochloride for treating tinnitus]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2006 Apr;41(4):269-73. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 16848175. 12: Zheng Z, Song KY, Hu XM, Yu F, Deng XZ, Zhang Q, Wen GW, Cao XM. [Experimental study of electroacupuncture improving the obstruction of vestibular microcirculation in vertebrobasilar insufficiency and the effect on vestibulo-ocular reflex]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2006 Feb;22(1):99-104. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 21186592. 13: El-Sherbiny DT, Eid MI, El-Wasseef DR, Al-Ashan RM, Belal F. Analysis of flunarizine in the presence of some of its degradation products using micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) or microemulsion liquid chromatography (MELC)--application to dosage forms. J Sep Sci. 2005 Feb;28(2):197-202. PubMed PMID: 15754830. 14: Hu ZQ, Song LG, Mei T. [Clinical and experimental study on treatment of migraine with shutianning granule]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2002 Aug;22(8):581-3. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 12572376. 15: Kelani K, Bebawy LI, Abdel-Fattah L. Determination of astemizole, terfenadine and flunarizine hydrochloride by ternary complex formation with eosin and lead(II). J Pharm Biomed Anal. 1999 Jan;18(6):985-92. PubMed PMID: 9925333. 16: Takahashi K, Lam TT, Edward DP, Buchi ER, Tso MO. Protective effects of flunarizine on ischemic injury in the rat retina. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992 Jun;110(6):862-70. PubMed PMID: 1596236. 17: Ohshima F, Masuda Y, Kodaira M, Fukayama M, Inamatsu T, Nagura H. [A case report of severe urinary retention and meteorism during flunarizine administration]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi. 1992 Mar;29(3):198-201. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 1593790. 18: Asanuma M, Ogawa N, Haba K, Hirata H, Mori A. Calcium antagonist flunarizine hydrochloride affects striatal D2 dopamine receptors in the young adult and aged rat brain. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 1991 Nov-Dec;13(3):271-8. PubMed PMID: 15374420. 19: Edward DP, Lam TT, Shahinfar S, Li J, Tso MO. Amelioration of light-induced retinal degeneration by a calcium overload blocker. Flunarizine. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991 Apr;109(4):554-62. PubMed PMID: 2012559. 20: Ogawa N, Asanuma M, Takayama H, Sato H, Nukina I. [Effect of flunarizine hydrochloride on striatal D-2 dopamine receptors]. Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1990 Nov;30(11):1221-6. Japanese. PubMed PMID: 2150791.