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MedKoo Cat#: 341272 | Name: Methoprene
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Methoprene is a juvenile hormone (JH) analog which acts as a growth regulator when used as an insecticide. It is an amber-colored liquid with a faint fruity odor which is essentially nontoxic to humans when ingested or inhaled. It is used in drinking water cisterns to control mosquitoes which spread dengue fever and malaria.

Chemical Structure

Methoprene
Methoprene
CAS#40596-69-8

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 341272

Name: Methoprene

CAS#: 40596-69-8

Chemical Formula: C19H34O3

Exact Mass: 310.2508

Molecular Weight: 310.48

Elemental Analysis: C, 73.50; H, 11.04; O, 15.46

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
50mg USD 300.00 2 Weeks
100mg USD 550.00 2 weeks
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Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
Methoprene; ZPA 1019; ZPA-1019; ZPA1019
IUPAC/Chemical Name
2,4-Dodecadienoic acid, 11-methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-, 1-methylethyl ester, (2E,4E)-
InChi Key
NFGXHKASABOEEW-LDRANXPESA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C19H34O3/c1-15(2)22-18(20)14-17(4)11-8-10-16(3)12-9-13-19(5,6)21-7/h8,11,14-16H,9-10,12-13H2,1-7H3/b11-8+,17-14+
SMILES Code
CC(C)(OC)CCCC(C)C/C=C/C(C)=C/C(OC(C)C)=O
Appearance
Liquid
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Methoprene, an insect juvenile growth hormone mimic, is a growth-regulating insecticide that manifests its toxicity to target organisms by acting as a juvenile hormone agonist.
In vitro activity:
Here this study shows the effect of methoprene on the normal cell growth and viability of a strain of the thermophilic eubacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus, previously used as a model for toxicological evaluation of other environment pollutants. Cell growth was affected and a decrease of the number of viable cells was observed as a result of the addition of methoprene to the growth medium, an effect reverted by the presence of Ca(2+). Methoprene also inhibited the redox flow of B. stearothermophilus protoplasts before the cytochrome oxidase segment, an effect further studied by individually assessing the enzymatic activities of the respiratory complexes. Reference: Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Oct;19(7):951-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16081242/
In vivo activity:
Treating insects with JHA insecticides induces the expression of an early JH response gene, Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) by working through JH response elements (JHRE) present in its promoter. JHA, methoprene induced the expression of SfKr-h1 both in vitro and in vivo. Reference: Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Dec;151:103860. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36374778/
Solvent mg/mL mM comments
Solubility
Acetone 50.0 161.04
DMSO 25.0 80.52
Ethanol 100.0 322.08
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 310.48 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Monteiro JP, Jurado AS, Moreno AJ, Madeira VM. Toxicity of methoprene as assessed by the use of a model microorganism. Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Oct;19(7):951-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.06.020. Epub 2005 Aug 2. PMID: 16081242. 2. Olmstead AW, LeBlanc GL. Low exposure concentration effects of methoprene on endocrine-regulated processes in the crustacean Daphnia magna. Toxicol Sci. 2001 Aug;62(2):268-73. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/62.2.268. PMID: 11452139. 3. Chen X, Palli SR. Identification of species-specific juvenile hormone response elements in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Dec;151:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103860. Epub 2022 Oct 27. PMID: 36374778. 4. Xu KK, Yan Y, Yan SY, Xia PL, Yang WJ, Li C, Yang H. Disruption of the Serine/Threonine Kinase Akt Gene Affects Ovarian Development and Fecundity in the Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne. Front Physiol. 2021 Oct 7;12:765819. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.765819. PMID: 34690822; PMCID: PMC8529032.
In vitro protocol:
1. Monteiro JP, Jurado AS, Moreno AJ, Madeira VM. Toxicity of methoprene as assessed by the use of a model microorganism. Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Oct;19(7):951-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.06.020. Epub 2005 Aug 2. PMID: 16081242. 2. Olmstead AW, LeBlanc GL. Low exposure concentration effects of methoprene on endocrine-regulated processes in the crustacean Daphnia magna. Toxicol Sci. 2001 Aug;62(2):268-73. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/62.2.268. PMID: 11452139.
In vivo protocol:
1. Chen X, Palli SR. Identification of species-specific juvenile hormone response elements in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2022 Dec;151:103860. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103860. Epub 2022 Oct 27. PMID: 36374778. 2. Xu KK, Yan Y, Yan SY, Xia PL, Yang WJ, Li C, Yang H. Disruption of the Serine/Threonine Kinase Akt Gene Affects Ovarian Development and Fecundity in the Cigarette Beetle, Lasioderma serricorne. Front Physiol. 2021 Oct 7;12:765819. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.765819. PMID: 34690822; PMCID: PMC8529032.
1: Lau KW, Chen CD, Lee HL, Low VL, Sofian-Azirun M. Bioefficacy of Insect Growth Regulators Against Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidea) From Sarawak, Malaysia: A Statewide Survey. J Econ Entomol. 2018 Apr 2. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy071. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29617840. 2: Receveur JP, Pechal JL, Benbow ME, Donato G, Rainey T, Wallace JR. Changes in Larval Mosquito Microbiota Reveal Non-target Effects of Insecticide Treatments in Hurricane-Created Habitats. Microb Ecol. 2018 Mar 17. doi: 10.1007/s00248-018-1175-3. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 29549385. 3: Arthur FH, Ghimire MN, Myers SW, Phillips TW. Evaluation of Pyrethroid Insecticides and Insect Growth Regulators Applied to Different Surfaces for Control of Trogoderma granarium (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) the Khapra Beetle. J Econ Entomol. 2018 Apr 2;111(2):612-619. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy040. PubMed PMID: 29514245. 4: Harbison JE, Runde AB, Henry M, Hulsebosch B, Meresh A, Johnson H, Nasci RS. An Operational Evaluation of 3 Methoprene Larvicide Formulations for Use Against Mosquitoes in Catch Basins. Environ Health Insights. 2018 Feb 20;12:1178630218760539. doi: 10.1177/1178630218760539. eCollection 2018. PubMed PMID: 29497309; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5824906. 5: Parens R, Nijhout HF, Morales A, Xavier Costa F, Bar-Yam Y. A Possible Link Between Pyriproxyfen and Microcephaly. PLoS Curr. 2017 Nov 27;9. pii: ecurrents.outbreaks.5afb0bfb8cf31d9a4baba7b19b4edbac. doi: 10.1371/currents.outbreaks.5afb0bfb8cf31d9a4baba7b19b4edbac. PubMed PMID: 29362686; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5760164. 6: Miyakawa H, Watanabe M, Araki M, Ogino Y, Miyagawa S, Iguchi T. Juvenile hormone-independent function of Krüppel homolog 1 in early development of water flea Daphnia pulex. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2018 Feb;93:12-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2017.12.007. Epub 2017 Dec 15. PubMed PMID: 29253529. 7: Qu Z, Bendena WG, Nong W, Siggens KW, Noriega FG, Kai ZP, Zang YY, Koon AC, Chan HYE, Chan TF, Chu KH, Lam HM, Akam M, Tobe SS, Lam Hui JH. MicroRNAs regulate the sesquiterpenoid hormonal pathway in Drosophila and other arthropods. Proc Biol Sci. 2017 Dec 20;284(1869). pii: 20171827. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1827. PubMed PMID: 29237851; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5745405. 8: Zhang W, Ma L, Xiao H, Liu C, Chen L, Wu S, Liang G. Identification and characterization of genes involving the early step of Juvenile Hormone pathway in Helicoverpa armigera. Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 29;7(1):16542. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16319-z. PubMed PMID: 29185447; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5707400. 9: Fernandez-Nicolas A, Belles X. Juvenile hormone signaling in short germ-band hemimetabolan embryos. Development. 2017 Dec 15;144(24):4637-4644. doi: 10.1242/dev.152827. Epub 2017 Nov 9. PubMed PMID: 29122840. 10: Cavalleri D, Murphy M, Seewald W, Drake J, Nanchen S. A randomized, controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of lotilaner (Credelio™) in controlling ticks in client-owned dogs in Europe. Parasit Vectors. 2017 Nov 1;10(1):531. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2478-9. PubMed PMID: 29089058; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5664821. 11: Lee SS, Ding Y, Karapetians N, Rivera-Perez C, Noriega FG, Adams ME. Hormonal Signaling Cascade during an Early-Adult Critical Period Required for Courtship Memory Retention in Drosophila. Curr Biol. 2017 Sep 25;27(18):2798-2809.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.017. Epub 2017 Sep 14. PubMed PMID: 28918947. 12: Thounaojam B, Keshan B. Modulation of gene expression by nutritional state and hormones in Bombyx larvae in relation to its growth period. Gene Expr Patterns. 2017 Nov;25-26:175-183. doi: 10.1016/j.gep.2017.08.003. Epub 2017 Aug 23. PubMed PMID: 28843894. 13: Liu H, Li HM, Yue Y, Song ZH, Wang JJ, Dou W. The alternative splicing of BdTai and its involvement in the development of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). J Insect Physiol. 2017 Aug;101:132-141. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.07.012. Epub 2017 Jul 24. PubMed PMID: 28750998. 14: Hakme E, Lozano A, Gómez-Ramos MM, Hernando MD, Fernández-Alba AR. Non-target evaluation of contaminants in honey bees and pollen samples by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Chemosphere. 2017 Oct;184:1310-1319. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.089. Epub 2017 Jun 20. PubMed PMID: 28679151. 15: Zhu L, Yin TY, Sun D, Liu W, Zhu F, Lei CL, Wang XP. Juvenile hormone regulates the differential expression of putative juvenile hormone esterases via methoprene-tolerant in non-diapause-destined and diapause-destined adult female beetle. Gene. 2017 Sep 5;627:373-378. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.06.061. Epub 2017 Jul 2. PubMed PMID: 28679117. 16: Oh HW, Yun CS, Jeon JH, Kim JA, Park DS, Ryu HW, Oh SR, Song HH, Shin Y, Jung CS, Shin SW. Conifer Diterpene Resin Acids Disrupt Juvenile Hormone-Mediated Endocrine Regulation in the Indian Meal Moth Plodia interpunctella. J Chem Ecol. 2017 Jul;43(7):703-711. doi: 10.1007/s10886-017-0861-9. Epub 2017 Jul 3. PubMed PMID: 28674826. 17: Si Q, Luo JY, Hu Z, Zhang W, Zhou CF. De novo transcriptome of the mayfly Cloeon viridulum and transcriptional signatures of Prometabola. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 21;12(6):e0179083. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179083. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28636618; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5479533. 18: Wu W, Xiong W, Li C, Zhai M, Li Y, Ma F, Li B. MicroRNA-dependent regulation of metamorphosis and identification of microRNAs in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Genomics. 2017 Oct;109(5-6):362-373. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 15. PubMed PMID: 28624536. 19: Bachmann GE, Devescovi F, Nussenbaum AL, Cladera JL, Fernández PC, Vera MT, Teal PEA, Segura DF. Male sexual enhancement after methoprene treatment in Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae): A sustained response that does not fade away after sexual maturation. J Insect Physiol. 2017 Aug;101:7-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2017.06.009. Epub 2017 Jun 13. PubMed PMID: 28623148. 20: Mian LS, Dhillon MS, Dodson L. Field Evaluation of Pyriproxyfen Against Mosquitoes in Catch Basins in Southern California. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2017 Jun;33(2):145-147. doi: 10.2987/17-6649.1. PubMed PMID: 28590225.