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MedKoo Cat#: 329833 | Name: Methylisothiazolinone
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Methylisothiazolinone, also known as MIT, or MI, (sometimes erroneously called methylisothiazoline), is a powerful synthetic biocide and preservative within the group of isothiazolinones, which is used in numerous personal care products and a wide range of industrial applications.

Chemical Structure

Methylisothiazolinone
Methylisothiazolinone
CAS#2682-20-4 (free base)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 329833

Name: Methylisothiazolinone

CAS#: 2682-20-4 (free base)

Chemical Formula: C4H5NOS

Exact Mass: 115.0092

Molecular Weight: 115.15

Elemental Analysis: C, 41.72; H, 4.38; N, 12.16; O, 13.89; S, 27.84

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5g USD 300.00 2 weeks
10g USD 550.00 2 weeks
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Related CAS #
2682-20-4 (free base) 26172-54-3 (HCl)
Synonym
Methylisothiazolinone free base; KB-838; MI; N-Methylisothiazolin-3-one.
IUPAC/Chemical Name
2-methyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone
InChi Key
BEGLCMHJXHIJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C4H5NOS/c1-5-4(6)2-3-7-5/h2-3H,1H3
SMILES Code
O=C1N(C)SC=C1
Appearance
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Methylisothiazolinone and other isothiazolinone-derived biocides are used for controlling microbial growth in water-containing solutions. Two of the most widely used isothiazolinone biocides are 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (chloromethylisothiazolinone or CMIT) and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (methylisothiazolinone or MIT), which are the active ingredients in a 3:1 mixture (CMIT:MIT) sold commercially as Kathon. Kathon is supplied to manufacturers as a concentrated stock solution containing from 10-15% of CMIT/MIT. For applications the recommended use level is from 6 ppm to 75 ppm active isothiazolones. Biocidal applications range from industrial water storage tanks to cooling units, in processes as varied as mining, paper manufacturing, metalworking fluids and energy production. Kathon also has been used to control slime in the manufacture of paper products that contact food. In addition, this product serves as an antimicrobial agent in latex adhesives and in paper coatings that also contact food.
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Methylisothiazolinone is a synthetic biocide and preservative that can be widely used in both industrial and consumer products.
In vitro activity:
The effect of MIT and PCMX on phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production was determined by spectrophotometry and LC‒MS/MS techniques. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) values ranged from 3.907 to 15.625 mg L-1 for MIT and 62.5 to 250 mg L-1 for PCMX, indicating that MIT was more toxic. With increasing concentrations of MIT and PCMX, the cell viability, biofilm formation ability and phytohormone synthesis were maximally inhibited. Reference: Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 9;12(1):19068. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36352006/
In vivo activity:
This study topically sensitized female ND4 Swiss mice to the common household and industrial preservative methylisothiazolinone (MI) and subsequently challenged them daily with MI or acetone and olive oil vehicle on the labiar skin. MI-challenged mice developed significant, persistent tactile sensitivity and long-lasting local accumulation of mast cells alongside early, transient increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines. Reference: PLoS One. 2020 Oct 26;15(10):e0241218. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33104726/
Solvent mg/mL mM comments
Solubility
DMSO 100.0 868.43
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 115.15 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Nowak-Lange M, Niedziałkowska K, Bernat P, Lisowska K. In vitro study of the ecotoxicological risk of methylisothiazolinone and chloroxylenol towards soil bacteria. Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 9;12(1):19068. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-22981-9. PMID: 36352006; PMCID: PMC9645328. 2. Park EJ, Seong E. Methylisothiazolinone induces apoptotic cell death via matrix metalloproteinase activation in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2020 Feb;62:104661. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104661. Epub 2019 Oct 17. PMID: 31629900. 3. Kline JM, Arriaga-Gomez E, Yangdon T, Boo B, Landry J, Saldías-Montivero M, Neamonitaki N, Mengistu H, Silverio S, Zacheis H, Pasha D, Martinov T, Fife BT, Chatterjea D. Repeated dermal application of the common preservative methylisothiazolinone triggers local inflammation, T cell influx, and prolonged mast cell-dependent tactile sensitivity in mice. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 26;15(10):e0241218. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241218. PMID: 33104726; PMCID: PMC7588120. 4. Devos FC, Pollaris L, Van Den Broucke S, Seys S, Goossens A, Nemery B, Hoet PH, Vanoirbeek JA. Methylisothiazolinone: dermal and respiratory immune responses in mice. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Jun 15;235(3):179-88. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.04.009. Epub 2015 Apr 20. PMID: 25907379.
In vitro protocol:
1. Nowak-Lange M, Niedziałkowska K, Bernat P, Lisowska K. In vitro study of the ecotoxicological risk of methylisothiazolinone and chloroxylenol towards soil bacteria. Sci Rep. 2022 Nov 9;12(1):19068. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-22981-9. PMID: 36352006; PMCID: PMC9645328. 2. Park EJ, Seong E. Methylisothiazolinone induces apoptotic cell death via matrix metalloproteinase activation in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2020 Feb;62:104661. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104661. Epub 2019 Oct 17. PMID: 31629900.
In vivo protocol:
1. Kline JM, Arriaga-Gomez E, Yangdon T, Boo B, Landry J, Saldías-Montivero M, Neamonitaki N, Mengistu H, Silverio S, Zacheis H, Pasha D, Martinov T, Fife BT, Chatterjea D. Repeated dermal application of the common preservative methylisothiazolinone triggers local inflammation, T cell influx, and prolonged mast cell-dependent tactile sensitivity in mice. PLoS One. 2020 Oct 26;15(10):e0241218. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241218. PMID: 33104726; PMCID: PMC7588120. 2. Devos FC, Pollaris L, Van Den Broucke S, Seys S, Goossens A, Nemery B, Hoet PH, Vanoirbeek JA. Methylisothiazolinone: dermal and respiratory immune responses in mice. Toxicol Lett. 2015 Jun 15;235(3):179-88. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.04.009. Epub 2015 Apr 20. PMID: 25907379.
1: Hill H, Goldenberg A, Golkar L, Beck K, Williams J, Jacob SE. Pre-Emptive Avoidance Strategy (P.E.A.S.) - addressing allergic contact dermatitis in pediatric populations. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2016;12(5):551-61. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2016.1142373. Epub 2016 Feb 29. Review. PubMed PMID: 26764601. 2: Schwensen JF, Bregnbak D, Johansen JD. Recent trends in epidemiology, sensitization and legal requirements of selected relevant contact allergens. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2016;12(3):289-300. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2016.1120159. Epub 2015 Nov 30. Review. PubMed PMID: 26563976. 3: Aerts O, Goossens A, Giordano-Labadie F. Contact allergy caused by methylisothiazolinone: the Belgian-French experience. Eur J Dermatol. 2015 May-Jun;25(3):228-33. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2015.2608. Review. PubMed PMID: 26412037. 4: Eubel J, Diepgen TL, Weisshaar E. [Allergic diseases in the genital area]. Hautarzt. 2015 Jan;66(1):45-52. doi: 10.1007/s00105-014-3561-1. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 25532902. 5: Schwensen JF, Lundov MD, Bossi R, Banerjee P, Giménez-Arnau E, Lepoittevin JP, Lidén C, Uter W, Yazar K, White IR, Johansen JD. Methylisothiazolinone and benzisothiazolinone are widely used in paint: a multicentre study of paints from five European countries. Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Mar;72(3):127-38. doi: 10.1111/cod.12322. Epub 2014 Dec 16. Review. PubMed PMID: 25510184. 6: Knackstedt TJ, Zug KA. T cell lymphomatoid contact dermatitis: a challenging case and review of the literature. Contact Dermatitis. 2015 Feb;72(2):65-74. doi: 10.1111/cod.12294. Epub 2014 Oct 24. Review. PubMed PMID: 25345884. 7: Leiva-Salinas M, Francés L, Silvestre JF. Update on allergic contact dermatitis due to methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2014 Nov;105(9):840-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2013.12.010. Epub 2014 Mar 11. Review. English, Spanish. PubMed PMID: 24626102. 8: Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Gonçalo M, Goossens A. Recommendation to include methylisothiazolinone in the European baseline patch test series--on behalf of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis and the European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Contact Dermatitis. 2013 Nov;69(5):263-70. doi: 10.1111/cod.12150. Review. PubMed PMID: 24117737. 9: McFadden JP, White IR, Basketter D, Puangpet P, Kimber I. The cosmetic allergy conundrum: inference of an immunoregulatory response to cosmetic allergens. Contact Dermatitis. 2013 Sep;69(3):129-37. doi: 10.1111/cod.12100. Review. PubMed PMID: 23948031. 10: Castanedo-Tardana MP, Zug KA. Methylisothiazolinone. Dermatitis. 2013 Jan-Feb;24(1):2-6. doi: 10.1097/DER.0b013e31827edc73. Review. PubMed PMID: 23340392. 11: Geier J, Uter W, Lessmann H, Schnuch A. [Current contact allergens]. Hautarzt. 2011 Oct;62(10):751-6. doi: 10.1007/s00105-011-2180-3. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 21901563. 12: Lundov MD, Krongaard T, Menné TL, Johansen JD. Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy: a review. Br J Dermatol. 2011 Dec;165(6):1178-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10523.x. Epub 2011 Nov 17. Review. PubMed PMID: 21777214. 13: Schnuch A, Szliska C, Uter W; IVDK. [Facial allergic contact dermatitis. Data from the IVDK and review of literature]. Hautarzt. 2009 Jan;60(1):13-21. doi: 10.1007/s00105-008-1644-6. Review. German. PubMed PMID: 19099269. 14: Chatzizacharias NA, Kouraklis GP, Theocharis SE. Disruption of FAK signaling: a side mechanism in cytotoxicity. Toxicology. 2008 Mar 12;245(1-2):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.12.003. Epub 2007 Dec 15. Review. PubMed PMID: 18215454. 15: Kieć-Swierczyńska M, Krecisz B, Swierczyńska-Machura D. [Allergy to cosmetics. II. Preservatives]. Med Pr. 2004;55(3):289-92. Review. Polish. PubMed PMID: 15493505. 16: Robinson MK, Gerberick GF, Ryan CA, McNamee P, White IR, Basketter DA. The importance of exposure estimation in the assessment of skin sensitization risk. Contact Dermatitis. 2000 May;42(5):251-9. Review. PubMed PMID: 10789838. 17: Bohn S, Niederer M, Brehm K, Bircher AJ. Airborne contact dermatitis from methylchloroisothiazolinone in wall paint. Abolition of symptoms by chemical allergen inactivation. Contact Dermatitis. 2000 Apr;42(4):196-201. Review. PubMed PMID: 10750849. 18: Fewings J, Menné T. An update of the risk assessment for methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) with focus on rinse-off products. Contact Dermatitis. 1999 Jul;41(1):1-13. Review. PubMed PMID: 10416701. 19: Ledieu G, Martin P, Thomas P. [Contact hypersensitivity to Kathon CG. Apropos of 35 cases among 977 tested subjects]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 1991;118(3):181-9. Review. French. PubMed PMID: 2064280. 20: de Groot AC, Weyland JW. Kathon CG: a review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1988 Feb;18(2 Pt 1):350-8. Review. PubMed PMID: 3279090.