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MedKoo Cat#: 540302 | Name: Monensin sodium
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Monensin sodium is an ionophore and inhibitor of autophagy commercially used in livestock feed. It inhibits autophagy, interfering with the fusion of the autophagosome and the lysosome.

Chemical Structure

Monensin sodium
Monensin sodium
CAS#22373-78-0 (sodium)

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 540302

Name: Monensin sodium

CAS#: 22373-78-0 (sodium)

Chemical Formula: C36H61NaO11

Exact Mass: 0.0000

Molecular Weight: 692.86

Elemental Analysis: C, 62.41; H, 8.87; Na, 3.32; O, 25.40

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
1g USD 250.00 2 Weeks
5g USD 650.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
17090-79-8 (free acid) 22373-78-0 (sodium)
Synonym
Coban 45; Monensin sodium; Rumensin; NSC 343257; NSC343257; NSC-343257; Monensin A
IUPAC/Chemical Name
Sodium (2S,3R,4S)-4-[(2S,5R,7S,8R,9S)-2-[(2S,2'R,3'S,5R,5'R)-2-Ethyl-5'-[(2S,3S,5R,6R)-6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3'-methyloctahydro-[2,2'-bifuran]-5-yl]-9-hydroxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-7-yl]-3-methoxy-2-methylpentanoate
InChi Key
XOIQMTLWECTKJL-FBZUZRIGSA-M
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C36H62O11.Na/c1-10-34(31-20(3)16-26(43-31)28-19(2)15-21(4)36(41,18-37)46-28)12-11-27(44-34)33(8)13-14-35(47-33)17-25(38)22(5)30(45-35)23(6)29(42-9)24(7)32(39)40;/h19-31,37-38,41H,10-18H2,1-9H3,(H,39,40);/q;+1/p-1/t19-,20-,21+,22+,23-,24-,25-,26+,27+,28-,29+,30-,31+,33-,34-,35+,36-;/m0./s1
SMILES Code
C[C@H]([C@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)C1)O[C@]21CC[C@@](C)([C@H]3CC[C@]([C@@H]4O[C@@H]([C@@H]5[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)[C@@](CO)(O)O5)C[C@@H]4C)(CC)O3)O2)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](C)C([O-])=O.[Na+]
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Certificate of Analysis
View CoA: current batch, Lot# C22M04C16
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
View Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Monensin sodium salt is an antibiotic secreted by the bacteria Streptomyces cinnamonensis.
In vitro activity:
Monensin (10 nM) induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in TEM 4-18 cells. In addition, monensin rapidly induced swelling of Golgi apparatus and perturbed mitochondrial function. Reference: Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 4;9(1):1200. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30718715/
In vivo activity:
Accordingly, the anticancer effects of monensin on the establishment and progression of ovarian cancer was explored in vivo. SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells were injected subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice. The tumor masses were retrieved on day 20, and the control group had significantly larger individual tumors and higher average tumor volume compared with monensin-treated groups (Fig. 5A and B). Besides, MEK1 SUMOylation was strengthened with increased monensin dosage in vivo, consistent with the data in vitro (Figs. 5C and 4D). Together, monensin effectively inhibited tumor growth in ovarian cancer xenograft model by MEK1 SUMOylation reinforcement. Reference: Exp Ther Med. 2021 Dec;22(6):1390. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34650638/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMF 1.0 1.44
DMSO 5.4 7.79
Ethanol 45.0 64.95
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 692.86 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Zhou Y, Deng Y, Wang J, Yan Z, Wei Q, Ye J, Zhang J, He TC, Qiao M. Effect of antibiotic monensin on cell proliferation and IGF1R signaling pathway in human colorectal cancer cells. Ann Med. 2023 Dec;55(1):954-964. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2166980. PMID: 36896461. 2. Vanneste M, Huang Q, Li M, Moose D, Zhao L, Stamnes MA, Schultz M, Wu M, Henry MD. High content screening identifies monensin as an EMT-selective cytotoxic compound. Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 4;9(1):1200. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38019-y. PMID: 30718715; PMCID: PMC6361972. 3. Yao S, Wang W, Zhou B, Cui X, Yang H, Zhang S. Monensin suppresses cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer by enhancing MEK1 SUMOylation. Exp Ther Med. 2021 Dec;22(6):1390. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10826. Epub 2021 Sep 30. PMID: 34650638; PMCID: PMC8506924. 4. Xin H, Li J, Zhang H, Li Y, Zeng S, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Deng F. Monensin may inhibit melanoma by regulating the selection between differentiation and stemness of melanoma stem cells. PeerJ. 2019 Jul 25;7:e7354. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7354. PMID: 31380151; PMCID: PMC6661142.
In vitro protocol:
1. Zhou Y, Deng Y, Wang J, Yan Z, Wei Q, Ye J, Zhang J, He TC, Qiao M. Effect of antibiotic monensin on cell proliferation and IGF1R signaling pathway in human colorectal cancer cells. Ann Med. 2023 Dec;55(1):954-964. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2166980. PMID: 36896461. 2. Vanneste M, Huang Q, Li M, Moose D, Zhao L, Stamnes MA, Schultz M, Wu M, Henry MD. High content screening identifies monensin as an EMT-selective cytotoxic compound. Sci Rep. 2019 Feb 4;9(1):1200. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-38019-y. PMID: 30718715; PMCID: PMC6361972.
In vivo protocol:
1. Yao S, Wang W, Zhou B, Cui X, Yang H, Zhang S. Monensin suppresses cell proliferation and invasion in ovarian cancer by enhancing MEK1 SUMOylation. Exp Ther Med. 2021 Dec;22(6):1390. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10826. Epub 2021 Sep 30. PMID: 34650638; PMCID: PMC8506924. 2. Xin H, Li J, Zhang H, Li Y, Zeng S, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Deng F. Monensin may inhibit melanoma by regulating the selection between differentiation and stemness of melanoma stem cells. PeerJ. 2019 Jul 25;7:e7354. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7354. PMID: 31380151; PMCID: PMC6661142.
1: Rocha BA, de Oliveira AR, Pazin M, Dorta DJ, Rodrigues AP, Berretta AA, Peti AP, de Moraes LA, Lopes NP, Pospíšil S, Gates PJ, Assis Md. Jacobsen catalyst as a cytochrome P450 biomimetic model for the metabolism of monensin A. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:152102. doi: 10.1155/2014/152102. Epub 2014 May 28. PubMed PMID: 24987668; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4058456. 2: Rambozzi L, Renna M, Cornale P, Perona G, Malfatto V, Mimosi A. Effect of the granulometric characteristics of monensin sodium on controlling experimental coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2012 Jan-Mar;21(1):60-4. PubMed PMID: 22534947. 3: Aowicki D, Huczyński A. Structure and antimicrobial properties of monensin A and its derivatives: summary of the achievements. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:742149. doi: 10.1155/2013/742149. Epub 2013 Feb 13. Review. PubMed PMID: 23509771; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3586448. 4: Rocha BA, Assis MD, Peti AP, Moraes LA, Moreira FL, Lopes NP, Pospíšil S, Gates PJ, de Oliveira AR. In vitro metabolism of monensin A: microbial and human liver microsomes models. Xenobiotica. 2014 Apr;44(4):326-35. doi: 10.3109/00498254.2013.845707. Epub 2013 Oct 17. PubMed PMID: 24134149. 5: Abrar A, Tsukahara T, Kondo M, Ban-Tokuda T, Chao W, Matsui H. Effect of monensin withdrawal on rumen fermentation, methanogenesis and microbial populations in cattle. Anim Sci J. 2015 Sep;86(9):849-54. doi: 10.1111/asj.12368. Epub 2015 Mar 17. PubMed PMID: 25782058. 6: Huczyński A, Janczak J, Lowicki D, Brzezinski B. Monensin A acid complexes as a model of electrogenic transport of sodium cation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Sep;1818(9):2108-19. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.04.017. Epub 2012 Apr 30. PubMed PMID: 22564680. 7: Antonenko YN, Rokitskaya TI, Huczyński A. Electrogenic and nonelectrogenic ion fluxes across lipid and mitochondrial membranes mediated by monensin and monensin ethyl ester. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2015 Apr;1848(4):995-1004. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.01.005. Epub 2015 Jan 17. PubMed PMID: 25600660. 8: Magnoli AP, Texeira M, Rosa CA, Miazzo RD, Cavaglieri LR, Magnoli CE, Dalcero AM, Chiacchiera SM. Sodium bentonite and monensin under chronic aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens. Poult Sci. 2011 Feb;90(2):352-7. doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-00834. PubMed PMID: 21248331. 9: Brown DL, Hogue DE. Effects of feeding monensin sodium to lactating goats: milk composition and ruminal volatile fatty acids. J Dairy Sci. 1985 May;68(5):1141-7. PubMed PMID: 3842852. 10: Huczyński A. FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR, ESI-MS and semiempirical investigation of the structures of Monensin phenyl urethane complexes with the sodium cation. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2013 Jun;110:285-90. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.03.060. Epub 2013 Mar 23. PubMed PMID: 23578536. 11: VanderKop PA, MacNeil JD. The effect of sodium selenite supplementation on monensin-induced growth inhibition and residue accumulation in broiler chicks. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1990 Feb;32(1):1-5. PubMed PMID: 2154076. 12: Huczyński A, Klejborowska G, Antoszczak M, Maj E, Wietrzyk J. Anti-proliferative activity of Monensin and its tertiary amide derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2015 Oct 15;25(20):4539-43. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.067. Epub 2015 Aug 28. PubMed PMID: 26338363. 13: Nagatsu A, Tabunoki Y, Nagai S, Ueda T, Sakakibara J, Hidaka H. Studies on chemical modification of monensin. VI. Preparation of C-7 modified monensins via protected 7-oxomonensin and evaluation of their ion transport activity. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1997 Jun;45(6):966-70. PubMed PMID: 9214703. 14: Brumbaugh GW, Simpson RB, Edwards JF, Anders DR, Thomson TD. Susceptibility of Mycobacterium avium sbsp paratuberculosis to monensin sodium or tilmicosin phosphate in vitro and resulting infectivity in a murine model. Can J Vet Res. 2004 Jul;68(3):175-81. PubMed PMID: 15352541; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1142136. 15: Cernicchiaro N, Corbin M, Quinn M, Prouty F, Branine M, Renter DG. Meta-analysis of the effects of laidlomycin propionate, fed alone or in combination with chlortetracycline, compared with monensin sodium, fed alone or in combination with tylosin, on growth performance, health, and carcass outcomes in finishing steers in North America. J Anim Sci. 2016 Apr;94(4):1662-76. doi: 10.2527/jas.2015-0086. PubMed PMID: 27136025. 16: Sharma P, Kanwar SS, Sanyal SN. Effect of cationic ionophore monensin on the lipid composition and fluidity of rat epididymal spermatozoal membrane. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2013 Jan;36(1):79-87. doi: 10.3109/01480545.2011.650174. Epub 2012 Feb 10. PubMed PMID: 22320440. 17: Newbold CJ, Wallace RJ, Walker-Bax ND. Potentiation by metal ions of the efficacy of the ionophores, monensin and tetronasin, towards four species of ruminal bacteria. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2013 Jan;338(2):161-7. doi: 10.1111/1574-6968.12044. Epub 2012 Dec 4. PubMed PMID: 23210858. 18: Pantcheva IN, Dorkov P, Atanasov VN, Mitewa M, Shivachev BL, Nikolova RP, Mayer-Figge H, Sheldrick WS. Crystal structure and properties of the copper(II) complex of sodium monensin A. J Inorg Biochem. 2009 Oct;103(10):1419-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.08.007. Epub 2009 Aug 25. PubMed PMID: 19748125. 19: Huczyński A, Ratajczak-Sitarz M, Stefańska J, Katrusiak A, Brzezinski B, Bartl F. Reinvestigation of the structure of monensin A phenylurethane sodium salt based on X-ray crystallographic and spectroscopic studies, and its activity against hospital strains of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis and S. aureus. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2011 Mar;64(3):249-56. doi: 10.1038/ja.2010.167. Epub 2011 Jan 12. PubMed PMID: 21224863. 20: Vílchez MC, Morini M, Peñaranda DS, Gallego V, Asturiano JF, Pérez L. Sodium affects the sperm motility in the European eel. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2016 Aug;198:51-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.04.008. Epub 2016 Apr 13. PubMed PMID: 27085371.