1: Yeom HD, Yun J, Seo C, Lee MH, Lee G, Lee JH. Tripterygium-derived celastrol inhibits 5-HT3A receptors via key residue interactions: A comparative electrophysiological and docking study. Neurosci Lett. 2025 May 15;859-861:138265. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138265. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40381881.
2: Zhang Z, Wang Z, Wan W, Li S, Yang W, Shi X. KunMingShanHaiTang formula reprograms macrophage metabolism and promotes M2 polarization via the HIF-1α pathway to alleviate ulcerative colitis symptoms in a rat model. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2025 Apr 2. doi: 10.1007/s10863-025-10056-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40172736.
3: Zhang H, Wei Z, Han S, Zhao S. Triptonide inhibits the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma by suppressing the TRIP13/c-Myc axis. Neoplasma. 2025 Apr;72(1-2):36-47. doi: 10.4149/neo_2025_240918N387. Epub 2025 Mar 28. PMID: 40162505.
4: Zheng Z, Chen Y, Wang C, Li L, Tan B. Triptolide induces immunogenic cell death in cervical cancer cells via ER stress and redox modulation. Am J Cancer Res. 2025 Jan 15;15(1):69-83. doi: 10.62347/XNVR3799. PMID: 39949945; PMCID: PMC11815369.
5: Pu X, Ye Q. Triptophenolide Improves Rheumatoid Arthritis and Progression by Inducing Macrophage Toxicity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2025 Jan;39(1):e70096. doi: 10.1002/jbt.70096. PMID: 39722460.
6: Zheng S, Yang H, Zheng J, Wang Y, Jia B, Li W. Unveiling the Anti-Obesity Potential of Thunder God Vine: Network Pharmacology and Computational Insights into Celastrol-like Molecules. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Nov 21;25(23):12501. doi: 10.3390/ijms252312501. PMID: 39684213; PMCID: PMC11641352.
7: Feng L, Wu Z, Jia X, Yang L, Wang M, Huang M, Ma Y. Screening, identification and targeted intervention of necroptotic biomarkers of asthma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 Nov 26;735:150674. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150674. Epub 2024 Sep 10. PMID: 39270557.
8: Wang W, Zhao X, Zhou J, Li H. A novel antitumor mechanism of triptonide in colorectal cancer: inducing ferroptosis via the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis. Funct Integr Genomics. 2024 Jul 16;24(4):126. doi: 10.1007/s10142-024-01402-2. PMID: 39012393.
9: Li J, Li J, Cao Y, Yuan J, Shen Y, Lei L, Li K. Triptonide protects retinal cells from oxidative damage via activation of Nrf2 signaling. Int J Mol Med. 2024 Sep;54(3):76. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2024.5400. Epub 2024 Jul 12. PMID: 38994762; PMCID: PMC11265836.
10: Lou R, Yang T, Zhang X, Gu J, Xue L, Gan D, Li H, Li Q, Chen Y, Jiang J. Triptonide induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells by activating the p38/p53 pathway and autophagy. Bioorg Med Chem. 2024 Aug 1;110:117788. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117788. Epub 2024 Jun 6. PMID: 38964974.
11: Wang Q, Zhang J, Yin X, Liu T, Li C, Yuan H, Li D. Antiurolithiatic effect of triptonide in ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2024 Oct;34(8):926-935. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2024.2364882. Epub 2024 Jun 26. PMID: 38922301.
12: Geng S, Chen L, Lin W, Wan F, Le Z, Hu W, Chen H, Liu X, Huang Q, Zhang H, Lu JJ, Kong L. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Triptonide in Salivary Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Approach Involving Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. Curr Pharm Des. 2024;30(29):2276-2289. doi: 10.2174/0113816128315277240610052453. PMID: 38910414.
13: Ma J, Lang B, Wang L, Zhou Y, Fu C, Tian C, Xue L. Pan-Cancer Analysis and Experimental Validation of CEND1 as a Prognostic and Immune Infiltration- Associated Biomarker for Gliomas. Mol Biotechnol. 2025 Jun;67(6):2286-2304. doi: 10.1007/s12033-024-01197-4. Epub 2024 Jun 5. PMID: 38836983.
14: Koilpillai JN, Nunan E, Butler L, Pinaffi F, Butcher JT. Reversible Contraception in Males: An Obtainable Target? Biology (Basel). 2024 Apr 25;13(5):291. doi: 10.3390/biology13050291. PMID: 38785772; PMCID: PMC11117788.
15: Zhao Y, Guo J. Integrated study reveals mechanism of Tripterygium Wilfordii against cholangiocarcinoma based on bioinformatics approaches and molecular dynamics simulation. Comput Biol Chem. 2024 Apr;109:108030. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108030. Epub 2024 Feb 14. PMID: 38387122.
16: Huang Q, Tan C, Zheng C, Meng H, Wang Z, Lin GQ, Zhang W, Chen B, He QL. DCTPP1, a reliable Q-biomarker for comprehensive evaluation of the quality of tripterygium glycoside tablets based on chemical references. Phytomedicine. 2023 Oct;119:154972. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154972. Epub 2023 Jul 23. PMID: 37531903.
17: Song J, He GN, Dai L. A comprehensive review on celastrol, triptolide and triptonide: Insights on their pharmacological activity, toxicity, combination therapy, new dosage form and novel drug delivery routes. Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Jun;162:114705. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114705. Epub 2023 Apr 14. PMID: 37062220.
18: Ge JC, Qian Q, Gao YH, Zhang YF, Li YX, Wang X, Fu Y, Ma YM, Wang Q. Toxic effects of Tripterygium glycoside tablets on the reproductive system of male rats by metabolomics, cytotoxicity, and molecular docking. Phytomedicine. 2023 Jun;114:154813. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154813. Epub 2023 Apr 10. PMID: 37062137.
19: Luo Y, Liu Y, Wang B, Tu X. CHIR99021-Treated Osteocytes with Wnt Activation in 3D-Printed Module Form an Osteogenic Microenvironment for Enhanced Osteogenesis and Vasculogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 22;24(6):6008. doi: 10.3390/ijms24066008. PMID: 36983081; PMCID: PMC10052982.
20: Zhang H, Mao Y, Zou X, Niu J, Jiang J, Chen X, Zhu M, Yang X, Dong T. Triptonide inhibits growth and metastasis in HCC by suppressing EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling. Neoplasma. 2023 Feb;70(1):94-102. doi: 10.4149/neo_2022_221118N1112. Epub 2023 Jan 13. PMID: 36637084.