AG 126 | CAS#118409-62-4

MedKoo Cat#: 524137 | Name: AG 126

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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

AG 126 selectively inhibits the phosphorylation. It also acts as a cell-permeable inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced synthesis of tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide in murine peritoneal macrophages.

Chemical Structure

AG 126

CAS#118409-62-4

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 524137

Name: AG 126

CAS#: 118409-62-4

Chemical Formula: C10H5N3O3

Exact Mass: 215.0331

Molecular Weight: 215.17

Elemental Analysis: C, 55.82; H, 2.34; N, 19.53; O, 22.31

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability
5mg	USD 250.00	2 Weeks
10mg	USD 400.00	2 Weeks
25mg	USD 750.00	2 Weeks

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Synonym

AG 126; AG126; AG-126; Tyrphostin AG 126; UNII-7YA4AMD1JC; Tyrphostin A 10; alpha-Cyano-(3-hydroxy-4-nitro)cinnamonitrile;

IUPAC/Chemical Name

Propanedinitrile, ((3-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)methylene)-

InChi Key

DUQADSPERJRQBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C10H5N3O3/c11-5-8(6-12)3-7-1-2-9(13(15)16)10(14)4-7/h1-4,14H

SMILES Code

N#C/C(C#N)=C/C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO, not in water

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

AG126 is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor which can prevent the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase p42MAPK (ERK2).

In vitro activity:

The effect of tyrphostin AG126 on the 7-ketocholesterol toxicity was examined in PC12 cells that are differentiated by nerve growth factor. The incidence of cell death after exposure to 100 μM 7-ketocholesterol for 24 h was about 58%. Tyrphostin AG126 significantly reduced the 100 μM 7-ketocholesterol-induced cell death. When cells were treated with 100 μM 7-ketocholesterol in the presence of 5 μM AG126, cell death decreased to 22%, which represented about 62% inhibition; beyond this concentration the inhibitory effect of AG126 was slightly decreased (Fig. 1). Although tyrphostin AG126 alone at 10 μM caused about 4% cell death, it attenuated the 7-ketocholesterol-induced cell death. Reference: Neurochem Res. 2010 Apr;35(4):603-12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19957203/

In vivo activity:

Since AG126, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor is a potential therapeutic agent for inflammation, this study showed the protective mechanism of tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG126 treatment in BTBR mice (Fig. 1). As shown Fig. 2A, untreated BTBR mice exhibited significant increases in IL-21R-producing CD8+ T cells as compared to that in C57 control mice. However, the production of IL-21R by CD8+ T cells in BTBR mice was dramatically decreased by AG126 treatment (Fig. 2A). To determine if AG126 treatment could exert neuroprotective on BTBR mice, this study studied its effect on IL-21 production by flow cytometry. Treating BTBR mice with AG126 resulted in decreases in IL-21-producing CD8+ T cells as compared to that in untreated BTBR mice (Fig. 2B). Moreover, our results also revealed that AG126 could decrease IL-21 mRNA expression in BTBR mice (Fig. 2C) and reduce protein levels of this marker in brain tissues (Fig. 2D). Reference: Neurotoxicology. 2020 Mar;77:1-11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31811869/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	DMSO	51.0	237.02
	DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1)	0.5	2.32
	DMF	10.0	46.47
	Ethanol	0.2	0.70

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 215.17 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Voss K, Amaya M, Mueller C, Roberts B, Kehn-Hall K, Bailey C, Petricoin E 3rd, Narayanan A. Inhibition of host extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation decreases new world alphavirus multiplication in infected cells. Virology. 2014 Nov;468-470:490-503. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.09.005. Epub 2014 Sep 27. PMID: 25261871; PMCID: PMC7127730. 2. Kim YJ, Lee CS. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG126 reduces 7-ketocholesterol-induced cell death by suppressing mitochondria-mediated apoptotic process. Neurochem Res. 2010 Apr;35(4):603-12. doi: 10.1007/s11064-009-0105-7. Epub 2009 Dec 3. PMID: 19957203. 3. Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Alsanea S, Al-Hosaini KA, Mahmood HM, Alzahrani MZ, Attia SM. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase signaling by tyrphostin AG126 downregulates the IL-21/IL-21R and JAK/STAT pathway in the BTBR mouse model of autism. Neurotoxicology. 2020 Mar;77:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.12.003. Epub 2019 Dec 4. PMID: 31811869. 4. Menzfeld C, John M, van Rossum D, Regen T, Scheffel J, Janova H, Götz A, Ribes S, Nau R, Borisch A, Boutin P, Neumann K, Bremes V, Wienands J, Reichardt HM, Lühder F, Tischner D, Waetzig V, Herdegen T, Teismann P, Greig I, Müller M, Pukrop T, Mildner A, Kettenmann H, Brück W, Prinz M, Rotshenker S, Weber MS, Hanisch UK. Tyrphostin AG126 exerts neuroprotection in CNS inflammation by a dual mechanism. Glia. 2015 Jun;63(6):1083-99. doi: 10.1002/glia.22803. Epub 2015 Mar 2. PMID: 25731696.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Ahmad SF, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Bakheet SA, Alsanea S, Al-Hosaini KA, Mahmood HM, Alzahrani MZ, Attia SM. Inhibition of tyrosine kinase signaling by tyrphostin AG126 downregulates the IL-21/IL-21R and JAK/STAT pathway in the BTBR mouse model of autism. Neurotoxicology. 2020 Mar;77:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.12.003. Epub 2019 Dec 4. PMID: 31811869. 2. Menzfeld C, John M, van Rossum D, Regen T, Scheffel J, Janova H, Götz A, Ribes S, Nau R, Borisch A, Boutin P, Neumann K, Bremes V, Wienands J, Reichardt HM, Lühder F, Tischner D, Waetzig V, Herdegen T, Teismann P, Greig I, Müller M, Pukrop T, Mildner A, Kettenmann H, Brück W, Prinz M, Rotshenker S, Weber MS, Hanisch UK. Tyrphostin AG126 exerts neuroprotection in CNS inflammation by a dual mechanism. Glia. 2015 Jun;63(6):1083-99. doi: 10.1002/glia.22803. Epub 2015 Mar 2. PMID: 25731696.

1: Moore BA, Türler A, Pezzone MA, Dyer K, Grandis J, Bauer AJ. Tyrphostin AG 126 inhibits development of postoperative ileus induced by surgical manipulation of murine colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2004 Feb;286(2):G214-24. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00312.2003. Epub 2003 Sep 25. PMID: 14512290. 2: Dugo L, Chatterjee PK, Mazzon E, McDonald MC, Paola RD, Fulia F, Caputi AP, Thiemermann C, Cuzzocrea S. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG 126 reduces the multiple organ failure induced by zymosan in the rat. Intensive Care Med. 2002 Jun;28(6):775-88. doi: 10.1007/s00134-002-1308-4. Epub 2002 Apr 30. PMID: 12107686. 3: Cuzzocrea S, McDonald MC, Mazzon E, Mota-Filipe H, Lepore V, Ciccolo A, Terranova ML, Britti D, Caputi AP, Thiemermann C. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor tyrphostin AG 126 reduced the development of colitis in the rat. Lab Invest. 2000 Sep;80(9):1439-53. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.3780151. PMID: 11005212. 4: Gonçalves S, Fernandez-Sanchez R, Sanchez-Niño MD, Tejedor A, Neria F, Egido J, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ortiz A. Tyrphostins as potential therapeutic agents for acute kidney injury. Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(10):974-86. doi: 10.2174/092986710790820642. PMID: 20156166. 5: Sevransky JE, Shaked G, Novogrodsky A, Levitzki A, Gazit A, Hoffman A, Elin RJ, Quezado ZM, Freeman BD, Eichacker PQ, Danner RL, Banks SM, Bacher J, Thomas ML 3rd, Natanson C. Tyrphostin AG 556 improves survival and reduces multiorgan failure in canine Escherichia coli peritonitis. J Clin Invest. 1997 Apr 15;99(8):1966-73. doi: 10.1172/JCI119364. PMID: 9109441; PMCID: PMC508021. 6: Turpaev K, Drapier JC. Stimulatory effect of benzylidenemalononitrile tyrphostins on expression of NO-dependent genes in U-937 monocytic cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 2009 Mar 15;606(1-3):1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.01.015. Epub 2009 Jan 21. PMID: 19374863. 7: Balachandra S, Genovese T, Mazzon E, Di Paola R, Thiemerman C, Siriwardena AK, Cuzzocrea S. Inhibition of tyrosine-kinase-mediated cellular signaling by tyrphostins AG 126 and AG556 modulates murine experimental acute pancreatitis. Surgery. 2005 Nov;138(5):913-23. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2005.05.021. PMID: 16291393. 8: Marzocco S, Mazzon E, Pinto A, Autore G, Cuzzocrea S. Tyrphostin AG 126 reduces intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2006 Feb;372(5):362-73. doi: 10.1007/s00210-005-0029-y. Epub 2006 Feb 17. PMID: 16485131. 9: Szabó C. Simultaneous targeting or multiple pathways of shock: how promising, how novel? Shock. 1999 Apr;11(4):296-7. doi: 10.1097/00024382-199904000-00012. PMID: 10220308. 10: Voss K, Amaya M, Mueller C, Roberts B, Kehn-Hall K, Bailey C, Petricoin E 3rd, Narayanan A. Inhibition of host extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation decreases new world alphavirus multiplication in infected cells. Virology. 2014 Nov;468-470:490-503. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.09.005. Epub 2014 Sep 27. PMID: 25261871; PMCID: PMC7127730. 11: Turpaev K, Welsh N. Aromatic malononitriles stimulate the resistance of insulin-producing beta-cells to oxidants and inflammatory cytokines. Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 Aug 5;784:69-80. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.010. Epub 2016 May 10. PMID: 27178899. 12: George J, Barshack I, Goldberg I, Keren P, Gazit A, Levitzki A, Keren G, Roth A. The effect of early and late treatment with the tyrphostin AG-556 on the progression of experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Exp Mol Pathol. 2004 Jun;76(3):234-41. doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2003.12.011. PMID: 15126106. 13: Gavrilin MA, Prather ER, Vompe AD, McAndrew CC, Wewers MD. cAbl Kinase Regulates Inflammasome Activation and Pyroptosis via ASC Phosphorylation. J Immunol. 2021 Mar 15;206(6):1329-1336. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000969. Epub 2021 Feb 10. PMID: 33568399; PMCID: PMC7946721. 14: Li S, Jiang C, Chen H, Zhang L, Ke L, Chen X, Lin C. Pre-injection of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) tnfb Polyclonal Antibody Decreases the Mortality of Vibrio vulnificus Infected Zebrafish. Front Vet Sci. 2021 Nov 18;8:741242. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.741242. PMID: 34869718; PMCID: PMC8637402. 15: Brenner T, Poradosu E, Soffer D, Sicsic C, Gazit A, Levitzki A. Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by tyrphostin AG-556. Exp Neurol. 1998 Dec;154(2):489-98. doi: 10.1006/exnr.1998.6971. PMID: 9878184. 16: Novogrodsky A, Vanichkin A, Patya M, Gazit A, Osherov N, Levitzki A. Prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced lethal toxicity by tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Science. 1994 May 27;264(5163):1319-22. doi: 10.1126/science.8191285. PMID: 8191285. 17: Tedeschi A, Lorini M, Galbiati S, Gibelli S, Miadonna A. Inhibition of basophil histamine release by tyrosine kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitors. Int J Immunopharmacol. 2000 Oct;22(10):797-808. doi: 10.1016/s0192-0561(00)00041-2. PMID: 10963852. 18: Rojas M, Olivier M, García LF. Activation of JAK2/STAT1-alpha-dependent signaling events during Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced macrophage apoptosis. Cell Immunol. 2002 May-Jun;217(1-2):58-66. doi: 10.1016/s0008-8749(02)00515-4. PMID: 12426001. 19: Kahlenberg JM, Dubyak GR. Mechanisms of caspase-1 activation by P2X7 receptor-mediated K+ release. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004 May;286(5):C1100-8. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00494.2003. Epub 2003 Dec 24. PMID: 15075209. 20: Hao Y, Xu A, Sui X, Wang Y. A Modified Extended Kalman Filter for a Two- Antenna GPS/INS Vehicular Navigation System. Sensors (Basel). 2018 Nov 6;18(11):3809. doi: 10.3390/s18113809. PMID: 30404244; PMCID: PMC6263503.