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MedKoo Cat#: 317959 | Name: Furazolidone
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Furazolidone is a nitrofuran antibacterial agent. It is a nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone binds bacterial DNA which leads to the gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. It is marketed by Roberts Laboratories under the brand name Furoxone and by GlaxoSmithKline as Dependal-M.

Chemical Structure

Furazolidone
Furazolidone
CAS# 67-45-8

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 317959

Name: Furazolidone

CAS#: 67-45-8

Chemical Formula: C8H7N3O5

Exact Mass: 225.0386

Molecular Weight: 225.16

Elemental Analysis: C, 42.67; H, 3.13; N, 18.66; O, 35.53

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
2g USD 150.00 Ready to ship
5g USD 250.00 Ready to ship
10g USD 350.00 Ready to ship
20g USD 550.00 Ready to ship
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Synonym
Furazolidone; Furazolidine; Furoxone; Nitrofurazolidone; Nitrofuroxon; Furazolidon;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
3-[(E)-(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methylideneamino]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one
InChi Key
PLHJDBGFXBMTGZ-WEVVVXLNSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C8H7N3O5/c12-8-10(3-4-15-8)9-5-6-1-2-7(16-6)11(13)14/h1-2,5H,3-4H2/b9-5+
SMILES Code
C1COC(=O)N1/N=C/C2=CC=C(O2)[N+](=O)[O-]
Appearance
Light yellow to yellow crystalline powder.
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Certificate of Analysis
View CoA: current batch, Lot#T20C07I06
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
View Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Furazolidone is a nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity that inhibits AML1-ETO transformed cells with IC50 value of 12.7 μM
In vitro activity:
To assess the effects of FZD (furazolidone) on NF-κB signaling, luciferase assay was first conducted. As shown in Figure 1A,B, FZD significantly decreased NF-κB-driven luciferase activity in the basic level of SCLC cells. Additionally, FZD also significantly reduced TNFα-triggered luciferase activity in SCLC cells (Figure 1B). These data indicated that FZD could downregulate NF-κB signaling in SCLC cells. To further confirm above results, the activation level of NF-κB p65 was assessed. As shown in Figure 2A,B, FZD markedly downregulated the constitutive phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 dose-dependently in SCLC cells. And FZD also markedly downregulated TNFα-triggered phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 dose-dependently in SCLC cells (Figure 2C,D). FZD obviously induced the cleavages of PARP and Caspase3, the biomarkers of cell apoptosis, which suggested that FZD could induce SCLC cell apoptosis (Figure 4C). To further confirm it, FZD-treated SCLC cells were stained with PI and Annexin V, and flow cytometry was performed to assess the status of cell apoptosis. As shown in Figure 4D, the flow cytometry showed that FZD significantly upregulated the population of Annexin V-positive cells in both of H1417 and H1882 cells, which further suggested that FZD induced cell apoptosis in SCLC cells. J Med Sci. 2020 Dec;36(12):998-1003. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/kjm2.12281
In vivo activity:
To identify the dose of FZD on the survival time of irradiated mice, a postirradiation 15-day survival trial was conducted. Mice were also divided into 4 groups and treated with TBI+saline, TBI+60 mg/kg FZD, TBI+100 mg/kg FZD, and TBI+140 mg/kg FZD by intragastric administration. Mice were exposed to a lethal dose (8 Gy, for the survival time study only) of TBI. Irradiated mice treated with FZD exhibited a better physical situation than those without the treatment. FZD administration significantly improved the survival time of irradiated mice; moreover, higher FZD treatment showed better effect (Figure 1(c)). To investigate whether FZD protects mice from TBI-induced hematopoietic injury, the peripheral blood cell counts were measured at 15 d after 4 Gy TBI. Compared with saline-treated mice, the numbers of WBCs exhibited a clear increase in FZD-administrated mice (Figure 2(a)). To determine whether FZD treatment protected mice from IR-induced organ index changes, the spleen index and thymus index were measured, and FZD attenuated the decrease in the spleen index and thymus index following radiation treatment (Figures 2(b). Villi were observed in the intestines of mice pretreated with saline or FZD. Irradiation resulted in villus shortening and crypt dilating accompanied by epithelial atrophy or slough and even marked edema and inflammatory cell infiltration. FZD significantly recovered the damage (Figures 3(b) and 3(c)). In summary, FZD treatment can improve the survival of mice treated with lethal dose radiation by alleviating TBI-induced injury and inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021; 2021: 6610726. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878070/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMSO 28.0 124.36
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 225.16 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Yu JG, Ji CH, Shi MH. The anti-infection drug furazolidone inhibits NF-κB signaling and induces cell apoptosis in small cell lung cancer. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2020 Dec;36(12):998-1003. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.12281. Epub 2020 Aug 6. PMID: 32767507. 2. Jiang X, Sun L, Qiu JJ, Sun X, Li S, Wang X, So CW, Dong S. A novel application of furazolidone: anti-leukemic activity in acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 9;8(8):e72335. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072335. PMID: 23951311; PMCID: PMC3739762. 3. Zhang M, Wei J, Shan H, Wang H, Zhu Y, Xue J, Lin L, Yan R. Calreticulin-STAT3 signaling pathway modulates mitochondrial function in a rat model of furazolidone-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 20;8(6):e66779. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066779. PMID: 23818963; PMCID: PMC3688564. 4. Ma S, Jin Z, Liu Y, Liu L, Feng H, Li P, Tian Z, Ren M, Liu X. Furazolidone Increases Survival of Mice Exposed to Lethal Total Body Irradiation through the Antiapoptosis and Antiautophagy Mechanism. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Feb 4;2021:6610726. doi: 10.1155/2021/6610726. PMID: 33613823; PMCID: PMC7878070.
In vitro protocol:
1. Yu JG, Ji CH, Shi MH. The anti-infection drug furazolidone inhibits NF-κB signaling and induces cell apoptosis in small cell lung cancer. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2020 Dec;36(12):998-1003. doi: 10.1002/kjm2.12281. Epub 2020 Aug 6. PMID: 32767507. 2. Jiang X, Sun L, Qiu JJ, Sun X, Li S, Wang X, So CW, Dong S. A novel application of furazolidone: anti-leukemic activity in acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 9;8(8):e72335. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072335. PMID: 23951311; PMCID: PMC3739762.
In vivo protocol:
1. Zhang M, Wei J, Shan H, Wang H, Zhu Y, Xue J, Lin L, Yan R. Calreticulin-STAT3 signaling pathway modulates mitochondrial function in a rat model of furazolidone-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 20;8(6):e66779. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066779. PMID: 23818963; PMCID: PMC3688564. 2. Ma S, Jin Z, Liu Y, Liu L, Feng H, Li P, Tian Z, Ren M, Liu X. Furazolidone Increases Survival of Mice Exposed to Lethal Total Body Irradiation through the Antiapoptosis and Antiautophagy Mechanism. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Feb 4;2021:6610726. doi: 10.1155/2021/6610726. PMID: 33613823; PMCID: PMC7878070.
1: Deng S, Tang S, Dai C, Zhou Y, Yang X, Li D, Xiao X. P21(Waf1/Cip1) plays a critical role in furazolidone-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through influencing the caspase-3 activation and ROS generation. Food Chem Toxicol. 2016 Feb;88:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 11. PubMed PMID: 26687534. 2: Shahrokhian S, Naderi L, Ghalkhani M. Modified glassy carbon electrodes based on carbon nanostructures for ultrasensitive electrochemical determination of furazolidone. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2016 Apr 1;61:842-50. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.01.025. Epub 2016 Jan 12. PubMed PMID: 26838915. 3: Alam MI, Paget T, Elkordy AA. Formulation and advantages of furazolidone in liposomal drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2016 Jan 18;84:139-145. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.01.017. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26796143. 4: Martínez-Puchol S, Gomes C, Pons MJ, Ruiz-Roldán L, Torrents de la Peña A, Ochoa TJ, Ruiz J. Development and analysis of furazolidone-resistant Escherichia coli mutants. APMIS. 2015 Aug;123(8):676-81. doi: 10.1111/apm.12401. Epub 2015 May 25. PubMed PMID: 26011027. 5: Yu Q, Fang W, Zhu N, Zheng X, Na R, Liu B, Meng L, Li Z, Li Q, Li X. Beneficial effects of intramyocardial mesenchymal stem cells and VEGF165 plasmid injection in rats with furazolidone induced dilated cardiomyopathy. J Cell Mol Med. 2015 Aug;19(8):1868-76. doi: 10.1111/jcmm.12558. Epub 2015 Mar 5. PubMed PMID: 25753859; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4549037. 6: Sun Y, Tang S, Xiao X. The Effect of GADD45a on Furazolidone-Induced S-Phase Cell-Cycle Arrest in Human Hepatoma G2 Cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2015 Jun 11. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21719. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26095818. 7: Talebi Bezmin Abadi A. Furazolidone and Helicobacter pylori Treatment. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2015 Apr;7(2):110-1. PubMed PMID: 26106473; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4430792. 8: Mokhtare M, Hosseini V, Tirgar Fakheri H, Maleki I, Taghvaei T, Valizadeh SM, Sardarian H, Agah S, Khalilian A. Comparison of quadruple and triple Furazolidone containing regimens on eradication of helicobacter pylori. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2015 Apr 6;29:195. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 26157713; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4476222. 9: Deng S, Tang S, Zhang S, Zhang C, Wang C, Zhou Y, Dai C, Xiao X. Furazolidone induces apoptosis through activating reactive oxygen species-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway and suppressing PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 2015 Jan;75:173-86. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.11.019. Epub 2014 Nov 27. PubMed PMID: 25434308. 10: Shan H, Wei J, Zhang M, Lin L, Yan R, Zhu Y, Zhang R. Calreticulin is localized at mitochondria of rat cardiomyocytes and affected by furazolidone. Mol Cell Biochem. 2014 Dec;397(1-2):125-30. doi: 10.1007/s11010-014-2179-z. Epub 2014 Aug 3. PubMed PMID: 25087122. 11: Passos SR, Rodrigues Tde A, Madureira AP, Giunchetti RC, Zanini MS. Clinical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in dogs with furazolidone and domperidone. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2014 Nov;44(5):463-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.07.011. Epub 2014 Aug 27. PubMed PMID: 25219877. 12: Hosseini V, Mokhtare M, Gholami M, Taghvaei T, Maleki I, Valizadeh M, Bari Z, Fakheri H. A Comparison between Moderate- and High-dose Furazolidone in Triple Regimens for Helicobacterpylori Eradication in Iran. Middle East J Dig Dis. 2014 Oct;6(4):195-202. PubMed PMID: 25349682; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4208927. 13: Zhang Y, Gao W, Cheng H, Zhang X, Hu F. Tetracycline- and furazolidone-containing quadruple regimen as rescue treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection: a single center retrospective study. Helicobacter. 2014 Oct;19(5):382-6. doi: 10.1111/hel.12143. Epub 2014 May 21. PubMed PMID: 24849129. 14: Xie Y, Zhu Y, Zhou H, Lu ZF, Yang Z, Shu X, Guo XB, Fan HZ, Tang JH, Zeng XP, Wen JB, Li XQ, He XX, Ma JH, Liu DS, Huang CB, Xu NJ, Wang NR, Lu NH. Furazolidone-based triple and quadruple eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Aug 28;20(32):11415-21. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i32.11415. PubMed PMID: 25170230; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4145784. 15: Hajaghamohammadi A, Safiabadi Tali SH, Samimi R, Oveisi S, Kazemifar AM. Low dose furazolidone for eradication of H- pylori instead of clarithromycin: a clinical trial. Glob J Health Sci. 2014 Aug 31;7(1):235-9. doi: 10.5539/gjhs.v7n1p235. PubMed PMID: 25560342. 16: Liu X, Cheng H, Gao W, Dong X, Hu F. [Efficacy and safety of 14-day amoxicillin and furazolidone-based quadruple rescue regimen for eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a retrospective study]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2014 Mar 4;94(8):567-71. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 24762682. 17: Lü Z, Xie Y, Lü N, Zhou H, Liu Z, Zhu X, Chen Y, He X, Liu D, Ma J. [Efficacy of triple versus quadruple furazolidone-based eradication regimens for Helicobacter pylori infection]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2014 Mar 4;94(8):572-5. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 24762683. 18: Jester EL, Abraham A, Wang Y, El Said KR, Plakas SM. Performance evaluation of commercial ELISA kits for screening of furazolidone and furaltadone residues in fish. Food Chem. 2014 Feb 15;145:593-8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.090. Epub 2013 Sep 3. PubMed PMID: 24128519. 19: Yin K, Zhang W, Chen L. Pyoverdine secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a biological recognition element for the fluorescent detection of furazolidone. Biosens Bioelectron. 2014 Jan 15;51:90-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.07.038. Epub 2013 Jul 29. PubMed PMID: 23942357. 20: Sun Y, Tang S, Jin X, Zhang C, Zhao W, Xiao X. Involvement of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in S-phase cell-cycle arrest induced by Furazolidone in human hepatoma G2 cells. J Appl Toxicol. 2013 Dec;33(12):1500-5. doi: 10.1002/jat.2829. Epub 2012 Oct 30. PubMed PMID: 23112108.