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MedKoo Cat#: 319636 | Name: Trofinetide
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Trofinetide, also known as NNZ-2566, is a glypromate (or Gly-Pro-Glu) analog and neuroprotectant. NNZ-2566, a glypromate analog, improves functional recovery and attenuates apoptosis and inflammation in a rat model of penetrating ballistic-type brain injury. NNZ-2566 demonstrates neuroprotective efficacy in models of traumatic brain injury. NNZ-2566 significantly decreases injury-induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6. NNZ-2566 is a potential therapeutic agent for fragile X syndrome.

Chemical Structure

Trofinetide
Trofinetide
CAS#853400-76-7

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 319636

Name: Trofinetide

CAS#: 853400-76-7

Chemical Formula: C13H21N3O6

Exact Mass: 315.1430

Molecular Weight: 315.33

Elemental Analysis: C, 49.52; H, 6.71; N, 13.33; O, 30.44

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5mg USD 750.00 2 Weeks
10mg USD 1,250.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
NNZ-2566; NNZ 2566; NNZ2566; Trofinetide
IUPAC/Chemical Name
((S)-1-glycyl-2-methylpyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)-L-glutamic acid
InChi Key
BUSXWGRAOZQTEY-SDBXPKJASA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C13H21N3O6/c1-13(5-2-6-16(13)9(17)7-14)12(22)15-8(11(20)21)3-4-10(18)19/h8H,2-7,14H2,1H3,(H,15,22)(H,18,19)(H,20,21)/t8-,13-/m0/s1
SMILES Code
O=C(O)CC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC([C@@]1(C)N(C(CN)=O)CCC1)=O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 315.33 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
1: Darwish M, Passarell J, Maxwell K, Bradley H, Bishop KM, Youakim JM. Population Pharmacokinetics of Trofinetide in a Pediatric Population Aged 2-4 Years with Rett Syndrome. Adv Ther. 2024 Dec 18. doi: 10.1007/s12325-024-03058-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39692837. 2: Darwish M, Passarell J, Maxwell K, Youakim JM, Bradley H, Bishop KM. Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Support Trofinetide Dosing for the Treatment of Rett Syndrome. Adv Ther. 2024 Dec 18. doi: 10.1007/s12325-024-03056-9. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39692836. 3: Selvam P, Mares Beltrán CF, Sen K, Morales Corado A; ACMG Therapeutics Committee5∗documents@acmg.net. Trofinetide approved for children and adults with Rett syndrome (RTT): A therapeutics bulletin of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet Med Open. 2024 Jul 15;2:101856. doi: 10.1016/j.gimo.2024.101856. PMID: 39669590; PMCID: PMC11613567. 4: Kaufmann WE, Luu S, Budimirovic DB. Drug Treatments for Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Targeting Signaling Pathways and Homeostasis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2024 Dec 6;25(1):7. doi: 10.1007/s11910-024-01394-3. PMID: 39641900. 5: Kubyshkin V, Mykhailiuk PK. Proline Analogues in Drug Design: Current Trends and Future Prospects. J Med Chem. 2024 Nov 28;67(22):20022-20055. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01987. Epub 2024 Nov 12. PMID: 39605166. 6: Camillo L, Pozzi M, Bernardo P, Pisano S, Nobile M. Profile of Trofinetide in the Treatment of Rett Syndrome: Design, Development and Potential Place in Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2024 Nov 6;18:5023-5040. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S383133. PMID: 39525048; PMCID: PMC11550706. 7: Darwish M, Marbury TC, Nunez R, Youakim JM, An D, Darling I, Lukacova V, Bishop KM. Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Trofinetide in Moderate Renal Impairment for Phase 1 Clinical Study Dose Selection with Model Validation. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet. 2024 Nov 8. doi: 10.1007/s13318-024-00924-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39516357. 8: Gold WA, Percy AK, Neul JL, Cobb SR, Pozzo-Miller L, Issar JK, Ben-Zeev B, Vignoli A, Kaufmann WE. Rett syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2024 Nov 7;10(1):84. doi: 10.1038/s41572-024-00568-0. PMID: 39511247. 9: Hagiwara S, Shiohama T, Takahashi S, Ishikawa M, Kawashima Y, Sato H, Sawada D, Uchida T, Uchikawa H, Kobayashi H, Shiota M, Nabatame S, Tsujimura K, Hamada H, Suzuki K. Comprehensive High-Depth Proteomic Analysis of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Containing Preparations in Rett Syndrome. Biomedicines. 2024 Sep 24;12(10):2172. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12102172. PMID: 39457485; PMCID: PMC11504846. 10: Tropea D. Trofinetide treatment for Rett syndrome: Lessons to learn. Med. 2024 Oct 11;5(10):1194-1196. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.028. PMID: 39395401. 11: Pozzer D, Indrigo M, Breccia M, Florio E, Franchino CA, De Rocco G, Maltecca F, Fadda A, Rossato M, Aramini A, Allegretti M, Frasca A, De Filippis L, Landsberger N. Clinical-grade intranasal NGF fuels neurological and metabolic functions of Mecp2-deficient mice. Brain. 2024 Sep 20:awae291. doi: 10.1093/brain/awae291. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39300821. 12: Percy AK, Ananth A, Neul JL. Rett Syndrome: The Emerging Landscape of Treatment Strategies. CNS Drugs. 2024 Nov;38(11):851-867. doi: 10.1007/s40263-024-01106-y. Epub 2024 Sep 9. PMID: 39251501; PMCID: PMC11486803. 13: Shen J, Liu L, Yang Y, Zhou M, Xu S, Zhang W, Zhang C. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Has the Potential to Be Used as a Diagnostic Tool and Treatment Target for Autism Spectrum Disorders. Cureus. 2024 Jul 25;16(7):e65393. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65393. PMID: 39188438; PMCID: PMC11346671. 14: Percy AK, Neul JL, Benke TA, Berry-Kravis EM, Glaze DG, Marsh ED, Barrett AM, An D, Bishop KM, Youakim JM. Trofinetide for the treatment of Rett syndrome: Long-term safety and efficacy results of the 32-month, open-label LILAC-2 study. Med. 2024 Oct 11;5(10):1275-1281.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.06.007. Epub 2024 Jul 17. PMID: 39025065. 15: Mohammed HE, Bady Z, Haseeb ME, Aboeldahab H, Sharaf-Eldin WE, Zaki MS. Is trofinetide a future treatment for Rett syndrome? A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BMC Med. 2024 Jul 18;22(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12916-024-03506-9. PMID: 39020317; PMCID: PMC11256568. 16: Trofinetide (Daybue) for Rett syndrome. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2024 Jul 8;66(1706):e115-e116. doi: 10.58347/tml.2024.1706d. PMID: 38981105. 17: Darwish M, Obianom ON, Youakim JM, Darling I, Lukacova V, Bradley H. Effect of Hepatic Impairment on Trofinetide Exposures Using an In Silico Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model. Adv Ther. 2024 Aug;41(8):3328-3341. doi: 10.1007/s12325-024-02926-6. Epub 2024 Jul 4. PMID: 38963587; PMCID: PMC11263405. 18: Percy AK, Neul JL, Benke TA, Berry-Kravis EM, Glaze DG, Marsh ED, An D, Bishop KM, Youakim JM. Trofinetide for the treatment of Rett syndrome: Results from the open-label extension LILAC study. Med. 2024 Sep 13;5(9):1178-1189.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.05.018. Epub 2024 Jun 24. PMID: 38917793. 19: Al Musaimi O. FDA's stamp of approval: Unveiling peptide breakthroughs in cardiovascular diseases, ACE, HIV, CNS, and beyond. J Pept Sci. 2024 Nov;30(11):e3627. doi: 10.1002/psc.3627. Epub 2024 Jun 17. PMID: 38885943. 20: Motil KJ, Beisang A, Smith-Hicks C, Lembo A, Standridge SM, Liu E. Recommendations for the management of gastrointestinal comorbidities with or without trofinetide use in Rett syndrome. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Jun;18(6):227-237. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2024.2368014. Epub 2024 Jun 18. PMID: 38869952.

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