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MedKoo Cat#: 577851 | Name: Patulin
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Patulin is an unsaturated heterocyclic lactone mycotoxin with antibiotic properties. Patulin is carcinogenic and mutagenic, as well as causing chromosome damage in biological systems.

Chemical Structure

Patulin
Patulin
CAS#149-29-1

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 577851

Name: Patulin

CAS#: 149-29-1

Chemical Formula: C7H6O4

Exact Mass: 154.0266

Molecular Weight: 154.12

Elemental Analysis: C, 54.55; H, 3.92; O, 41.52

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5mg USD 245.00 2 Weeks
10mg USD 415.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
Clairformin; Clavacin; Clavatin; Claviform; Claviformin; Expansin; Mycoin; Mycosin; Patulin; Penicidin; Terinin
IUPAC/Chemical Name
4,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2-one
InChi Key
ZRWPUFFVAOMMNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C7H6O4/c8-6-3-4-5(11-6)1-2-10-7(4)9/h1,3,7,9H,2H2
SMILES Code
OC1OCC=C2OC(=O)C=C12
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
To be determined
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
To be determined
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 154.12 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
1: Qin M, Li S, Ma P, Lin X, Khan IM, Ding N, Zhang Y, Wang Z. An ultrasensitive dual-mode aptasensor for patulin based on the upconversion particles and G-Quadruplex-hemin DNAzyme. Talanta. 2024 Jul 31;279:126653. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126653. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39098239. 2: Liu M, Zhang X, Luan H, Zhang Y, Xu W, Feng W, Song P. Bioenzymatic detoxification of mycotoxins. Front Microbiol. 2024 Jul 18;15:1434987. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1434987. PMID: 39091297; PMCID: PMC11291262. 3: Qin Y, Zhou H, Yang Y, Guo T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Ma L. Metabolome and Its Mechanism Profiling in the Synergistic Toxic Effects Induced by Co-Exposure of Tenuazonic Acid and Patulin in Caco-2 Cells. Toxins (Basel). 2024 Jul 15;16(7):319. doi: 10.3390/toxins16070319. PMID: 39057959; PMCID: PMC11281550. 4: Wang F, Ma L, Wang Q, Hammock BD, Xiao G, Liu R. Evaluation of the Immune Response of Patulin by Proteomics. Biosensors (Basel). 2024 Jun 27;14(7):322. doi: 10.3390/bios14070322. PMID: 39056598; PMCID: PMC11274796. 5: Choi D, Alshannaq AF, Yu JH. Safe and effective degradation of aflatoxins by food-grade culture broth of Aspergillus oryzae. PNAS Nexus. 2024 Jul 4;3(7):pgae271. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae271. PMID: 39010939; PMCID: PMC11249075. 6: Duncan H, Agulló C, Mercader JV, Abad-Somovilla A, Abad-Fuentes A. Harnessing the Intrinsic Chemical Reactivity of the Mycotoxin Patulin for Immunosensing. Anal Chem. 2024 Jul 15;96(30):12370–7. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01631. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39007758; PMCID: PMC11295118. 7: Qin G, Li H, He J, Wang H, Chen Y, Lao S, Cheng L, Lu W, Luo L, Tang L, Mo R, Wei Y, Zhou Q. A fluorescence aptamer sensor utilizing WS2 nanosheets for sensitive detection of patulin: enhanced specificity and wide applicability. Anal Methods. 2024 Jul 18;16(28):4873-4879. doi: 10.1039/d4ay00730a. PMID: 38973381. 8: Ulaganambi M, S LK, Kumar S, Tetala KKR. In silico studies and development of a protein-based electrochemical sensor for selective and sensitive detection of aflatoxin B1. Mikrochim Acta. 2024 Jun 27;191(7):426. doi: 10.1007/s00604-024-06495-x. PMID: 38935329. 9: Wang H, Zhang J, Ji Y, Guo Y, Liu Q, Chang Y, Qiang S, Chen S. Structure- Based Design, Virtual Screening, and Discovery of Novel Patulin Derivatives as Biogenic Photosystem II Inhibiting Herbicides. Plants (Basel). 2024 Jun 20;13(12):1710. doi: 10.3390/plants13121710. PMID: 38931142; PMCID: PMC11207439. 10: Zhang K, Zhang L. Determination of Patulin in Apple Juice and Apple-Derived Products Using a Robotic Sample Preparation System and LC-APCI-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel). 2024 May 23;16(6):238. doi: 10.3390/toxins16060238. PMID: 38922133; PMCID: PMC11209136. 11: El Filali Z, El Idrissi Boutaher A, Oumato J, Abdelmoumen H, Bourais I. Validation and screening of patulin in apple beverages marketed in Morocco. Food Chem. 2024 Oct 30;456:139994. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139994. Epub 2024 Jun 5. PMID: 38914035. 12: Bata-Vidács I, Rodrigues EL, Kosztik J, Tóth Á, Zalán Z, Csernus O, Kukolya J. Molecular and chemical evaluation of patulin production of Aspergillus and Penicillium-like species isolated from Hungarian apples. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2024 Aug;41(8):990-1002. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2024.2364364. Epub 2024 Jun 24. PMID: 38913828. 13: Zhai J, Chen Z, Zhu Q, Guo Z, Sun X, Jiang L, Li J, Wang N, Yao X, Zhang C, Deng H, Wang S, Yang G. Curcumin inhibits PAT-induced renal ferroptosis via the p62/Keap1/Nrf2 signalling pathway. Toxicology. 2024 Aug;506:153863. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153863. Epub 2024 Jun 13. PMID: 38878878. 14: Zhao W, Hong SY, Kim JY, Om AS. Effects of temperature, pH, and relative humidity on the growth of Penicillium paneum OM1 isolated from pears and its patulin production. Fungal Biol. 2024 Jun;128(4):1885-1897. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2024.05.005. Epub 2024 May 22. PMID: 38876541. 15: Ma J, Li H, Han S. Evaluating the Efficacy of Chinese Patent Medicine Paiteling in Treating Vaginal Stump Disease VaIN: An Analysis of 67 Clinical Cases. Altern Ther Health Med. 2024 Jun 14:AT10329. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38870504. 16: Garello M, Piombo E, Buonsenso F, Prencipe S, Valente S, Meloni GR, Marcet- Houben M, Gabaldón T, Spadaro D. Several secondary metabolite gene clusters in the genomes of ten Penicillium spp. raise the risk of multiple mycotoxin occurrence in chestnuts. Food Microbiol. 2024 Sep;122:104532. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104532. Epub 2024 Apr 4. PMID: 38839238. 17: Rangaraj VM, Mabrook G, Hathi Z, Mettu S, Banat F, Taher H. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus encapsulated cross-linked Keratin-Chitosan hydrogel for removal of patulin from apple juice. Food Chem. 2024 Oct 1;454:139619. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139619. Epub 2024 May 13. PMID: 38811285. 18: Mazibuko M, Ghazi T, Chuturgoon A. Patulin alters alpha-adrenergic receptor signalling and induces epigenetic modifications in the kidneys of C57BL/6 mice. Arch Toxicol. 2024 Jul;98(7):2143-2152. doi: 10.1007/s00204-024-03728-z. Epub 2024 May 28. PMID: 38806716; PMCID: PMC11168996. 19: Dor S, Nudel K, Eagan JL, Cohen R, Hull CM, Keller NP, Prusky D, Afriat- Jurnou L. Bacterial-fungal crosstalk is defined by a fungal lactone mycotoxin and its degradation by a bacterial lactonase. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2024 Jun 18;90(6):e0029924. doi: 10.1128/aem.00299-24. Epub 2024 May 24. PMID: 38786360; PMCID: PMC11218642. 20: Liu S, Meng S, Li Y, Dong N, Wei Y, Li Y, Liu D, You T. Integrated Photoelectrochemical-SERS Platform Based on Plasmonic Metal-Semiconductor Heterostructures for Multidimensional Charge Transfer Analysis and Enhanced Patulin Detection. ACS Sens. 2024 Jun 28;9(6):3377-3386. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00715. Epub 2024 May 23. PMID: 38783424.