Synonym
AI3-60130, HSDB 7466, Nicarbazin, MK 75, Nicarb, Nicarbasin, Nicarbazine, Nicoxin, Nicrazin, Nicrazine, Nirazin,
IUPAC/Chemical Name
Urea, N,N'-bis(4-nitrophenyl)-, compd. with 4,6-dimethyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone (1:1)
InChi Key
UKHWDRMMMYWSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
1S/C13H10N4O5.C6H8N2O/c18-13(14-9-1-5-11(6-2-9)16(19)20)15-10-3-7-12(8-4-10)17(21)22;1-4-3-5(2)8-6(9)7-4/h1-8H,(H2,14,15,18);3H,1-2H3,(H,7,8,9)
SMILES Code
c1(NC(Nc2ccc([N+](=O)[O-])cc2)=O)ccc(cc1)[N+]([O-])=O.c1(cc(nc(n1)O)C)C
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Nicarbazin is an effective anticoccidial agent for chickens.
In vitro activity:
Nicarbazin increased the activity of lipoprotein lipase in vitro at 3.9 and 7.8 microg of NCZ/mL. Nicarbazin increased intracellular calcium levels in bull sperm, suggesting it also acts as a calcium ionophore. The portion of the NCZ molecule responsible for the increase in intracellular calcium is 2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine. Nicarbazin affected vitellogenin phosphorylation but only at a concentration many times higher than expected plasma values. Nicarbazin also inhibited transglutaminase activity in vitro.
Reference: Poult Sci. 2006 Jul;85(7):1285-93. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16830870/
In vivo activity:
Shell colour is an important trait for eggs and an understanding of pigment deposition will assist potential management of egg shell colour loss. This study demonstrated that nicarbazin feeding down-regulated ALAS1 and reduced protoporphyrin IX (PP IX) in both shell gland and eggshell, indicating the role of nicarbazin in inhibiting the synthesis of PP IX.
Reference: Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 24;7(1):6253. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28740143/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
comments |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
9.0 |
21.03 |
|
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
426.39
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Yoder CA, Graham JK, Miller LA. Molecular effects of nicarbazin on avian reproduction. Poult Sci. 2006 Jul;85(7):1285-93. doi: 10.1093/ps/85.7.1285. PMID: 16830870.
2. Samiullah S, Roberts J, Wu SB. Downregulation of ALAS1 by nicarbazin treatment underlies the reduced synthesis of protoporphyrin IX in shell gland of laying hens. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 24;7(1):6253. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06527-y. PMID: 28740143; PMCID: PMC5524794.
3. Albonetti P, Marletta A, Repetto I, Sasso EA. Efficacy of nicarbazin (Ovistop®) in the containment and reduction of the populations of feral pigeons (Columba livia var. domestica) in the city of Genoa, Italy: a retrospective evaluation. Vet Ital. 2015 Jan-Mar;51(1):63-72. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.337.1448.3. PMID: 25842215.
In vitro protocol:
1. Yoder CA, Graham JK, Miller LA. Molecular effects of nicarbazin on avian reproduction. Poult Sci. 2006 Jul;85(7):1285-93. doi: 10.1093/ps/85.7.1285. PMID: 16830870.
In vivo protocol:
1. Samiullah S, Roberts J, Wu SB. Downregulation of ALAS1 by nicarbazin treatment underlies the reduced synthesis of protoporphyrin IX in shell gland of laying hens. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 24;7(1):6253. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06527-y. PMID: 28740143; PMCID: PMC5524794.
2. Albonetti P, Marletta A, Repetto I, Sasso EA. Efficacy of nicarbazin (Ovistop®) in the containment and reduction of the populations of feral pigeons (Columba livia var. domestica) in the city of Genoa, Italy: a retrospective evaluation. Vet Ital. 2015 Jan-Mar;51(1):63-72. doi: 10.12834/VetIt.337.1448.3. PMID: 25842215.
1: Bacila DM, Feddern V, Mafra LI, Scheuermann GN, Molognoni L, Daguer H. Current research, regulation, risk, analytical methods and monitoring results for nicarbazin in chicken meat: A perspective review. Food Res Int. 2017 Sep;99(Pt 1):31-40. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.011. Epub 2017 Jul 4. Review. PubMed PMID: 28784488.
2: Lima AL, Barreto F, Rau RB, Silva GRD, Lara LJC, Figueiredo TC, Assis DCS, Cançado SV. Determination of the residue levels of nicarbazin and combination nicarbazin-narasin in broiler chickens after oral administration. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 27;12(7):e0181755. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181755. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28750013; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5531545.
3: Samiullah S, Roberts J, Wu SB. Downregulation of ALAS1 by nicarbazin treatment underlies the reduced synthesis of protoporphyrin IX in shell gland of laying hens. Sci Rep. 2017 Jul 24;7(1):6253. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-06527-y. PubMed PMID: 28740143; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5524794.
4: Samiullah S, Roberts J, Wu SB. Reference gene selection for the shell gland of laying hens in response to time-points of eggshell formation and nicarbazin. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 3;12(7):e0180432. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180432. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28671969; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5495395.
5: da Costa MJ, Bafundo KW, Pesti GM, Kimminau EA, Cervantes HM. Performance and anticoccidial effects of nicarbazin-fed broilers reared at standard or reduced environmental temperatures. Poult Sci. 2017 Jun 1;96(6):1615-1622. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew475. PubMed PMID: 28339759.
