MedKoo Biosciences, Inc.
Tel:   +1-919-636-5577    Fax:   +1-919-980-4831    Email:   sales@medkoo.com
Search
Login Register
Search
MedKoo Cat#: 584943 | Name: Violacein
Featured

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Violacein is produced by BB-78 strain of Chromobacterium violaceum and is a bisindole antibiotic effective against Gram-positive bacteria.

Chemical Structure

Violacein
Violacein
CAS#548-54-9

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 584943

Name: Violacein

CAS#: 548-54-9

Chemical Formula: C20H13N3O3

Exact Mass: 343.0957

Molecular Weight: 343.34

Elemental Analysis: C, 69.97; H, 3.82; N, 12.24; O, 13.98

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
1mg USD 500.00
Bulk Inquiry
Buy Now
Add to Cart
Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
Violacein
IUPAC/Chemical Name
2-Indolinone, 3-(2-(5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)-5-oxo-2-pyrrolin-4-ylidene)-
InChi Key
XAPNKXIRQFHCHN-AQTBWJFISA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C20H13N3O3/c24-10-5-6-15-12(7-10)14(9-21-15)17-8-13(19(25)23-17)18-11-3-1-2-4-16(11)22-20(18)26/h1-9,21,24H,(H,22,26)(H,23,25)/b18-13-
SMILES Code
O=C1NC2=C(C=CC=C2)/C1=C3C=C(C4=CNC5=C4C=C(O)C=C5)NC\3=O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 343.34 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
1: Chauhan A, Mathkor DM, Joshi H, Chauhan R, Sharma U, Sharma V, Kumar M, Saini RV, Saini AK, Tuli HS, Kaur D, Haque S. Mechanistic Insight of Pharmacological Aspects of Violacein: Recent Trends and Advancements. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2025 Feb;39(2):e70114. doi: 10.1002/jbt.70114. PMID: 39865920. 2: Karthikeyan A, Thirugnanasambantham MK, Khan F, Mani AK. Bacteria-Inspired Synthesis of Silver-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites: A Novel Synergistic Approach in Controlling Biofilm and Quorum-Sensing-Regulated Virulence Factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Jan 9;14(1):59. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14010059. PMID: 39858345; PMCID: PMC11761197. 3: Mahendrarajan V, Easwaran N. Quorum quenching effects of linoleic and stearic acids on outer membrane vesicle-mediated virulence in Chromobacterium violaceum. Biofouling. 2025 Jan;41(1):92-102. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2024.2446930. Epub 2024 Dec 27. PMID: 39726991. 4: Luís Â, Domingues F. Quorum sensing inhibition evaluation method: An experiment-based microbiology laboratory course. Biochem Mol Biol Educ. 2024 Dec 23. doi: 10.1002/bmb.21874. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39715620. 5: Raghoonanadan A, Dweba Y, Aruwa CE, Sabiu S. Metabolomic fingerprinting, molecular modelling and experimental bioprospection of Helianthus annuus seed cultivars as Pseudomonas aeruginosa LasR modulators. Bioorg Chem. 2025 Jan;154:108046. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.108046. Epub 2024 Dec 10. PMID: 39693924. 6: Chadha J, Moudgil G, Harjai K. Synergism Between α-Terpineol and Terpinen-4-ol Potentiates Antivirulence Response Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Indian J Microbiol. 2024 Dec;64(4):1951-1955. doi: 10.1007/s12088-024-01189-7. Epub 2024 Feb 3. PMID: 39678954; PMCID: PMC11645376. 7: Samreen, Ahmad I. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy of 1,4-naphthoquinone against Chromobacterium violaceum: an in vitro and in silico investigation. Arch Microbiol. 2024 Dec 7;207(1):11. doi: 10.1007/s00203-024-04209-8. PMID: 39644379. 8: Kowalska P, Mierzejewska J, Skrzeszewska P, Witkowska A, Oksejuk K, Sitkiewicz E, Krawczyk M, Świadek M, Głuchowska A, Marlicka K, Sobiepanek A, Milner-Krawczyk M. Extracellular vesicles of Janthinobacterium lividum as violacein carriers in melanoma cell treatment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Dec 5;108(1):529. doi: 10.1007/s00253-024-13358-1. PMID: 39636419; PMCID: PMC11621134. 9: Sindhu R, Bhat SS, Sangta J, Dharmashekar C, Shreevatsa B, Shivamallu C, Devegowda D, Kollur SP, Ahmad SF, Attia SM, Sommano SR, Prasad SK. Gaining molecular insights towards inhibition of foodborne fungi Aspergillus fumigatus by a food colourant violacein via computational approach. Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 2;14(1):29905. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-81471-2. PMID: 39622982; PMCID: PMC11612196. 10: Paul E, Sharma C, Chaturvedi P, Bhatnagar P. Quorum quenching activity of endophytic Bacillus sp. EBS9 from Tecomella undulata and its biocontrol applications. Curr Res Microb Sci. 2024 Oct 31;7:100307. doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100307. PMID: 39584039; PMCID: PMC11585653. 11: Tang AY, Jung S, Carrasco-López C, Avalos JL. Light-Induced Nanobody- Mediated Targeted Protein Degradation for Metabolic Flux Control. ACS Synth Biol. 2024 Dec 20;13(12):4110-4118. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00552. Epub 2024 Nov 11. PMID: 39527810. 12: Bassett S, Suganda JC, Da Silva NA. Engineering peroxisomal surface display for enhanced biosynthesis in the emerging yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. Metab Eng. 2024 Nov;86:326-336. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2024.10.014. Epub 2024 Nov 1. PMID: 39489214. 13: Kanelli M, Bardhan NM, Sarmadi M, Eshaghi B, Alsaiari SK, Rothwell WT, Pardeshi A, Varshney D, De Fiesta DC, Mak H, Spanoudaki V, Henning N, Kumar A, Han J, Belcher AM, Langer R, Jaklenec A. A Machine Learning-Optimized System for Pulsatile, Photo- and Chemotherapeutic Treatment Using Near-Infrared Responsive MoS2-Based Microparticles in a Breast Cancer Model. ACS Nano. 2024 Nov 5;18(44):30433-30447. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07843. Epub 2024 Oct 27. PMID: 39462900. 14: Wang M, Lv L, Liu R, Han Y, Luan M, Tang SY, Niu G. Engineering of tnaC-Based Tryptophan Biosensors for Dynamic Control of Violacein Production. J Agric Food Chem. 2024 Nov 6;72(44):24668-24676. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c07638. Epub 2024 Oct 23. PMID: 39440815. 15: Schick S, Müller T, Takors R, Sprenger GA. Stability of a Mutualistic Escherichia coli Co-Culture During Violacein Production Depends on the Kind of Carbon Source. Eng Life Sci. 2024 Sep 8;24(10):e202400025. doi: 10.1002/elsc.202400025. PMID: 39391271; PMCID: PMC11464148. 16: Cavanaugh NT, Kumar G, Reverdy Pearson A, Colbert J, Riquelme C, Hudson AO, Chai Y, Godoy-Carter V. Whole-genome sequencing of a Janthinobacterium sp. isolated from the Patagonian Desert. Microbiol Resour Announc. 2024 Nov 12;13(11):e0060024. doi: 10.1128/mra.00600-24. Epub 2024 Oct 9. PMID: 39382303; PMCID: PMC11556059. 17: Yang Q, Luan M, Wang M, Zhang Y, Liu G, Niu G. Characterizing and Engineering Rhamnose-Inducible Regulatory Systems for Dynamic Control of Metabolic Pathways in Streptomyces. ACS Synth Biol. 2024 Oct 18;13(10):3461-3470. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00626. Epub 2024 Oct 8. PMID: 39377938. 18: Verma N, Choksket S, Singla R, Pinnaka AK, Korpole S. Chromobacterium indicum sp. nov., a Pigment-Producing Bacterium Isolated from Soil. Curr Microbiol. 2024 Oct 2;81(11):385. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-03910-7. PMID: 39356301. 19: Abdelgadir A, Adnan M, Patel M, Saxena J, Alam MJ, Alshahrani MM, Singh R, Sachidanandan M, Badraoui R, Siddiqui AJ. Probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-LS): A sustainable approach and multifaceted biomedical application. Heliyon. 2024 Sep 17;10(18):e37987. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37987. PMID: 39347420; PMCID: PMC11437860. 20: Huang X, Gan L, He Z, Jiang G, He T. Bacterial Pigments as a Promising Alternative to Synthetic Colorants: From Fundamentals to Applications. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Nov 28;34(11):2153-2165. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04018. Epub 2024 Sep 11. PMID: 39344344; PMCID: PMC11637871.