Norepinephrine bitartrate salt | CAS# 3414-63-9 | Neurotransmitter

MedKoo Cat#: 573281 | Name: Norepinephrine bitartrate salt

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Norepinephrine bitartrate salt is an adrenergic neurotransmitter.

Chemical Structure

Norepinephrine bitartrate salt

CAS#3414-63-9

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 573281

Name: Norepinephrine bitartrate salt

CAS#: 3414-63-9

Chemical Formula: C12H17NO9

Exact Mass: 319.0903

Molecular Weight: 319.27

Elemental Analysis: C, 45.14; H, 5.37; N, 4.39; O, 45.10

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Synonym

Arterenol bitartrate, Norepinephrine bitartrate salt

IUPAC/Chemical Name

1,2-Benzenediol, 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-, (+-)-, (R-(R*,R*))- 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate (1:1) (salt)

InChi Key

WNPNNLQNNJQYFA-LREBCSMRSA-L

InChi Code

1S/C8H11NO3.C4H6O6/c9-4-8(12)5-1-2-6(10)7(11)3-5;5-1(3(7)8)2(6)4(9)10/h1-3,8,10-12H,4,9H2;1-2,5-6H,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/p-2/t;1-,2-/m.1/s1

SMILES Code

C([C@@H]([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)(=O)[O-].c1(c(cc(cc1)[C@@H](CN)O)O)O

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life

>3 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

Norepinephrine bitartrate salt is an adrenergic neurotransmitter.

In vitro activity:

In vitro, this study found that norepinephrine inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and CXCL2/MIP-2 and promoted the secretion of IL-10 from LPS-stimulated murine alveolar macrophages. Blockade of α2A-AR by a specific antagonist further inhibited the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10. Furthermore, norepinephrine down-regulated NF-κB activation in stimulated alveolar macrophages. Reference: Clin Sci (Lond). 2020 Jul 31;134(14):1957-1971. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32643759/

In vivo activity:

This study investigated the effects of aging-associated formaldehyde (FA) on the inactivation of NE (norepinephrine) in vitro and in vivo, and on memory behaviors in rodents. The results showed that age-related DNA demethylation led to hippocampal FA accumulation, and when this occurred, the hippocampal NE content was reduced in healthy male rats of different ages. Unexpectedly, an injection of FA (at a pathological level) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, a NE depletor) can mimic age-related NE deficiency, long-term potentiation (LTP) impairments, and spatial memory deficits in healthy adult rats. Conversely, an injection of NE reversed age-related deficits in both LTP and memory in aged rats. Reference: Aging Cell. 2015 Aug;14(4):659-68. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25866202/

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 319.27 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Hatala P, Lajos A, Mackei M, Sebők C, Tráj P, Vörösházi J, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Feline Uroepithelial Cell Culture as a Novel Model of Idiopathic Cystitis: Investigations on the Effects of Norepinephrine on Inflammatory Response, Oxidative Stress, and Barrier Function. Vet Sci. 2023 Feb 8;10(2):132. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10020132. PMID: 36851436; PMCID: PMC9961545. 2. Cong Z, Li D, Lv X, Yang C, Zhang Q, Wu C, Wang Z, Zhu X. α2A-adrenoceptor deficiency attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury by increasing norepinephrine levels and inhibiting alveolar macrophage activation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Sci (Lond). 2020 Jul 31;134(14):1957-1971. doi: 10.1042/CS20200586. PMID: 32643759. 3. Steinberger KJ, Bailey MT, Gross AC, Sumner LA, Voorhees JL, Crouser N, Curry JM, Wang Y, DeVries AC, Marsh CB, Glaser R, Yang EV, Eubank TD. Stress-induced Norepinephrine Downregulates CCL2 in Macrophages to Suppress Tumor Growth in a Model of Malignant Melanoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020 Sep;13(9):747-760. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0370. Epub 2020 Jun 9. PMID: 32518084; PMCID: PMC7607650. 4. Mei Y, Jiang C, Wan Y, Lv J, Jia J, Wang X, Yang X, Tong Z. Aging-associated formaldehyde-induced norepinephrine deficiency contributes to age-related memory decline. Aging Cell. 2015 Aug;14(4):659-68. doi: 10.1111/acel.12345. Epub 2015 Apr 11. PMID: 25866202; PMCID: PMC4531079.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Steinberger KJ, Bailey MT, Gross AC, Sumner LA, Voorhees JL, Crouser N, Curry JM, Wang Y, DeVries AC, Marsh CB, Glaser R, Yang EV, Eubank TD. Stress-induced Norepinephrine Downregulates CCL2 in Macrophages to Suppress Tumor Growth in a Model of Malignant Melanoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2020 Sep;13(9):747-760. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0370. Epub 2020 Jun 9. PMID: 32518084; PMCID: PMC7607650. 2. Mei Y, Jiang C, Wan Y, Lv J, Jia J, Wang X, Yang X, Tong Z. Aging-associated formaldehyde-induced norepinephrine deficiency contributes to age-related memory decline. Aging Cell. 2015 Aug;14(4):659-68. doi: 10.1111/acel.12345. Epub 2015 Apr 11. PMID: 25866202; PMCID: PMC4531079.

1: Shen H, Qu F, Xia Y, Jiang X. Straightforward and Ultrastable Surface Modification of Microfluidic Chips with Norepinephrine Bitartrate Improves Performance in Immunoassays. Anal Chem. 2018 Mar 20;90(6):3697-3702. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b05186. Epub 2018 Mar 2. PubMed PMID: 29478312. 2: Mody V, Shah S, Patel J, Thomas MC. Compatibility of Norepinephrine Bitartrate with Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin During Simulated Y-site Administration. Int J Pharm Compd. 2016 May-Jun;20(3):236-238. PubMed PMID: 28333664.