1: Liou SF, Hsu JH, Chen YT, Chen IJ, Yeh JL. KMUP-1 Attenuates Endothelin-1-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy through Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Suppression of the Akt/GSK-3β, Calcineurin/NFATc4 and RhoA/ROCK Pathways. Molecules. 2015 Jun 5;20(6):10435-49. doi: 10.3390/molecules200610435. PubMed PMID: 26056815.
2: Dai ZK, Liu YW, Hsu JH, Yeh JL, Chen IJ, Wu JR, Wu BN. The Xanthine Derivative KMUP-1 Attenuates Serotonin-Induced Vasoconstriction and K⁺-Channel Inhibitory Activity via the PKC Pathway in Pulmonary Arteries. Int J Biol Sci. 2015 Apr 25;11(6):633-42. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.11127. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 25999786; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4440253.
3: Liou SF, Hsu JH, Chu HC, Lin HH, Chen IJ, Yeh JL. KMUP-1 Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation Through cAMP and cGMP Pathways and Signaling of BMP-2/Smad1/5/8 and Wnt/β-Catenin. J Cell Physiol. 2015 Sep;230(9):2038-48. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24904. PubMed PMID: 25536014.
4: Lo YC, Tseng YT, Liu CM, Wu BN, Wu SN. Actions of KMUP-1, a xanthine and piperazine derivative, on voltage-gated Na(+) and Ca(2+) -activated K(+) currents in GH3 pituitary tumour cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2015 Nov;172(21):5110-22. doi: 10.1111/bph.13276. Epub 2015 Oct 25. PubMed PMID: 26276211; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4687803.
5: Wu JR, Kao LP, Wu BN, Dai ZK, Wang YY, Chai CY, Chen IJ. Buffered l-ascorbic acid, alone or bound to KMUP-1 or sildenafil, reduces vascular endothelium growth factor and restores endothelium nitric oxide synthase in hypoxic pulmonary artery. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2015 May;31(5):241-54. doi: 10.1016/j.kjms.2015.02.005. Epub 2015 Mar 23. PubMed PMID: 25910559.
6: Kuo KK, Wu BN, Liu CP, Yang TY, Kao LP, Wu JR, Lai WT, Chen IJ. Xanthine-based KMUP-1 improves HDL via PPARγ/SR-B1, LDL via LDLRs, and HSL via PKA/PKG for hepatic fat loss. J Lipid Res. 2015 Nov;56(11):2070-84. doi: 10.1194/jlr.M057547. Epub 2015 Sep 8. PubMed PMID: 26351364; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4617394.
7: Dai ZK, Lin TC, Liou JC, Cheng KI, Chen JY, Chu LW, Chen IJ, Wu BN. Xanthine derivative KMUP-1 reduces inflammation and hyperalgesia in a bilateral chronic constriction injury model by suppressing MAPK and NFκB activation. Mol Pharm. 2014 May 5;11(5):1621-31. doi: 10.1021/mp5000086. Epub 2014 Apr 7. PubMed PMID: 24669856.
8: Liu CP, Kuo MS, Wu BN, Chai CY, Huang HT, Chung PW, Chen IJ. NO-releasing xanthine KMUP-1 bonded by simvastatin attenuates bleomycin-induced lung inflammation and delayed fibrosis. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Feb;27(1):17-28. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2013.03.003. Epub 2013 Mar 19. PubMed PMID: 23518214.
9: Liu CP, Hsieh CH, Wu BN, Yeh JL, Dai ZK, Chai CY, Chen IJ. Inhaled KMUP-1 Prevents Allergic Pulmonary Vascular Inflammation and Remodeling via NO and Suppressed MMP-9 and ICAM-1/VCAM-1. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets. 2012 Aug 1;11(4):251-61. PubMed PMID: 22452605.
10: Kuo KK, Wu BN, Chiu EY, Tseng CJ, Yeh JL, Liu CP, Chai CY, Chen IJ. NO donor KMUP-1 improves hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and hypoxic cell injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory signaling. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2013 Jan-Mar;26(1):93-106. PubMed PMID: 23527712.
11: Liou SF, Hsu JH, Lin IL, Ho ML, Hsu PC, Chen LW, Chen IJ, Yeh JL. KMUP-1 suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss: roles of MAPKs, Akt, NF-κB and calcium/calcineurin/NFATc1 pathways. PLoS One. 2013 Jul 25;8(7):e69468. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069468. Print 2013. PubMed PMID: 23936022; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3723916.
12: Wu BN, Kuo KK, Chen YH, Chang CT, Huang HT, Chai CY, Dai ZK, Chen IJ. Theophylline-Based KMUP-1 Improves Steatohepatitis via MMP-9/IL-10 and Lipolysis via HSL/p-HSL in Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Aug 17;17(8). pii: E1345. doi: 10.3390/ijms17081345. PubMed PMID: 27548140; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5000741.
13: Chen JY, Cheng KI, Tsai YL, Hong YR, Howng SL, Kwan AL, Chen IJ, Wu BN. Potassium-channel openers KMUP-1 and pinacidil prevent subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced vasospasm by restoring the BKCa-channel activity. Shock. 2012 Aug;38(2):203-12. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31825b2d82. PubMed PMID: 22576001.
14: Chung CL, Tsai HP, Lee KS, Chen KI, Wu SC, Kuo YH, Winardi W, Chen IC, Kwan AL. Assisted peripheral nerve recovery by KMUP-1, an activator of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channel, in a rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2012 Oct;154(10):1773-9. doi: 10.1007/s00701-012-1433-y. Epub 2012 Jul 8. PubMed PMID: 22772399.
15: Yeh JL, Liu CP, Hsu JH, Tseng CJ, Wu PJ, Wang YY, Wu JR, Chen IJ. KMUP-1 inhibits hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy through regulation of nitric oxide synthases, ERK1/2, and calcineurin. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2012 Nov;28(11):567-76. doi: 10.1016/j.kjms.2012.04.022. Epub 2012 Jul 25. PubMed PMID: 23140764.
16: Dai ZK, Kao CL, Hsieh SL, Chen IJ, Wu BN. Restoration of uridine 5'-triphosphate-suppressed delayed rectifying K(+) currents by an NO activator KMUP-1 involves RhoA/Rho kinase signaling in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2016 Dec;32(12):607-613. doi: 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.09.008. Epub 2016 Oct 27. PubMed PMID: 27914611.
17: Wu JR, Hsu JH, Dai ZK, Wu BN, Chen IJ, Liou SF, Yeh JL. Activation of endothelial NO synthase by a xanthine derivative ameliorates hypoxia-induced apoptosis in endothelial progenitor cells. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2016 Jun;68(6):810-8. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12555. Epub 2016 Apr 25. PubMed PMID: 27109251.
18: Wu BN, Chen HY, Liu CP, Hsu LY, Chen IJ. KMUP-1 inhibits H441 lung epithelial cell growth, migration and proinflammation via increased NO/CGMP and inhibited RHO kinase/VEGF signaling pathways. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011 Oct-Dec;24(4):925-39. PubMed PMID: 22230399.
19: Liu CP, Dai ZK, Huang CH, Yeh JL, Wu BN, Wu JR, Chen IJ. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase-enhancing G-protein coupled receptor antagonist inhibits pulmonary artery hypertension by endothelin-1-dependent and endothelin-1-independent pathways in a monocrotaline model. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2014 Jun;30(6):267-78. doi: 10.1016/j.kjms.2014.02.014. Epub 2014 Apr 30. PubMed PMID: 24835346.
20: Yeh JL, Hsu JH, Wu PJ, Liou SF, Liu CP, Chen IJ, Wu BN, Dai ZK, Wu JR. KMUP-1 attenuates isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats through NO/cGMP/PKG and ERK1/2/calcineurin A pathways. Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Mar;159(5):1151-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00587.x. Epub 2010 Feb 2. PubMed PMID: 20132211; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2839273.