1: Smieja D, Czupalla O, Günther C, Bussi S, Coppo A, Jones P, Forni M, Fretellier N, Bourrinet P, Luetjens CM. Evaluation of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Juvenile Non-Human Primates Including Behavioral Evaluations Such as Learning and Memory. Birth Defects Res. 2025 Apr;117(4):e2470. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2470. PMID: 40237208.
2: Kong Y, Liu K, Qiu S, Wang J, Zhang S, Xu K. Exploring gadolinium deposition in maternal and offspring mice: Impacts of gestational and lactational exposure. Toxicol Lett. 2025 Apr 2;408:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2025.03.010. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 40185213.
3: Henderson IM, Benevidez AD, Mowry CD, Watt J, Bachand GD, Kirk ML, Dokładny K, DeAguero J, Escobar GP, Wagner B. Precipitation of gadolinium from magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents may be the Brass tacks of toxicity. Magn Reson Imaging. 2025 Jun;119:110383. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2025.110383. Epub 2025 Mar 8. PMID: 40064247.
4: Huang Z, Lin XJ, Li SS, Luo HC, Li KY. Differentiating atypical hepatocellular carcinoma from focal nodular Hyperplasia: The value of Kupffer phase imaging with Sonazoid-Contrast-Enhanced ultrasound compared to Gadodiamide-Enhanced MRI. Eur J Radiol. 2025 Mar;184:111991. doi: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2025.111991. Epub 2025 Feb 7. PMID: 39954323.
5: Shahid I, Lancelot E. Symptoms Associated With Gadolinium Exposure: Different Patterns and Rates Between Linear and Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents. Invest Radiol. 2025 Feb 17. doi: 10.1097/RLI.0000000000001160. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39951051.
6: Wang C, Tang Y, Tang J, Zhang J, Wang S, Wu F, Wang S. Long-term effects of linear versus macrocyclic GBCAs on gene expression in the central nervous system of mice. Eur Radiol Exp. 2025 Jan 10;9(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s41747-024-00546-x. PMID: 39792203; PMCID: PMC11723877.
7: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006–. Gadodiamide. 2024 Dec 15. PMID: 30000472.
8: Bian S, Wang Z, Li L, Cui L, Xu Y, Guan K, Zhao B, Xue H. Anaphylactic risk associated with iodinated and gadolinium-based contrast media. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2024 Nov 29:1-7. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2024.2435431. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39611610.
9: Zhou C, Feng SJ, Leong S, Breil E, Voruz F, Valentini C, Hammer DR, Aksit A, Olson ES, Guo J, Kysar JW, Lalwani AK. Contrast Enhancement of Cochlea after Direct Microneedle Intracochlear Injection of Gadodiamide through the Round Window Membrane with Minimal Dosage. Acad Radiol. 2025 Apr;32(4):2152-2162. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.10.022. Epub 2024 Nov 4. PMID: 39500641.
10: Shi K, Chen X, Zhao Y, Li P, Chai J, Qiu J, Shen Z, Guo J, Jie W. Identification of potential therapeutic targets for nonischemic cardiomyopathy in European ancestry: an integrated multiomics analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024 Sep 12;23(1):338. doi: 10.1186/s12933-024-02431-8. PMID: 39267096; PMCID: PMC11396958.
11: Prybylski JP, Jastrzemski O, Jay M. The effect of iron status on gadolinium deposition in the rat brain: mechanistic implications. Front Toxicol. 2024 Aug 26;6:1403031. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1403031. PMID: 39253330; PMCID: PMC11381947.
12: Cunningham A, Kirk M, Hong E, Yang J, Howard T, Brearley A, Sáenz-Trevizo A, Krawchuck J, Watt J, Henderson I, Dokladny K, DeAguero J, Escobar GP, Wagner B. The safety of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. Front Toxicol. 2024 Aug 12;6:1376587. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2024.1376587. PMID: 39188505; PMCID: PMC11345262.
13: Weng D, Guo R, Dong C, Luo Y, Qiu D, Xu L, Xu G. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Protein Using a Targeted Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent. Mol Pharm. 2024 Aug 19. doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01250. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39159402.
14: Qu H, Li W, Wu Z, Wang Y, Feng T, Li N, Qi C, Li X, Wei T, Fan G, Lou Y. Differences in hypersensitivity reactions and gadolinium deposition disease/symptoms associated with gadolinium exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents: new insights based on global databases VigiBase, FAERS, and IQVIA-MIDAS. BMC Med. 2024 Aug 13;22(1):329. doi: 10.1186/s12916-024-03537-2. PMID: 39135199; PMCID: PMC11321222.
15: Yao X, Hu J, Wang G, Lin X, Sun J, Dong G, Kang J, Feng W, Xie B, Huang Y, Tian X, Chen E. Deposition of Gadolinium in the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and Its Effects on Sensory, Cognitive, and Athletic Implications after Multiple Injections of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Rats. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2024 Aug 9;45(8):1153-1161. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A8295. PMID: 38991773; PMCID: PMC11383410.
16: Malik V, Kesavadas C, Thomas B, N DA, K KK. Diagnostic Utility of Integration of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced and Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast MR Perfusion Employing Split Bolus Technique in Differentiating High-Grade Glioma. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2024 Jan 17;34(3):382-389. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1777742. PMID: 38912247; PMCID: PMC11188723.
17: Cesarini G, Spani F, Patricelli R, Quattrocchi CC, Colasanti M, Scalici M. Assessing teratogenic risks of gadolinium in freshwater environments: Implications for environmental health. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Jun 15;278:116442. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116442. Epub 2024 May 9. PMID: 38728946.
18: Naresh-Babu J, Gajendra, Prajwal GS. ISSLS prize in clinical/bioengineering science 2024: How standing and supine positions influence nutrient transport in human lumbar discs?-A serial post-contrast MRI study evaluating interplay between convection and diffusion. Eur Spine J. 2024 May;33(5):1728-1736. doi: 10.1007/s00586-024-08243-4. Epub 2024 Apr 25. PMID: 38662214.
19: Bilgin B, Adam M, Hekim MG, Bulut F, Ozcan M. Gadolinium-based contrast agents aggravate mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in a nitroglycerine-induced migraine model in male mice. Magn Reson Imaging. 2024 Sep;111:67-73. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.04.007. Epub 2024 Apr 9. PMID: 38604348.
20: Yao X, Zhang H, Hu J, Lin X, Sun J, Kang J, Huang Z, Wang G, Tian X, Chen E, Ren K. Effects of Gadolinium Retention in the Brains of Type 2 Diabetic Rats after Repeated Administration of Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agents on Neurobiology and NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2024 Nov;60(5):2156-2170. doi: 10.1002/jmri.29313. Epub 2024 Feb 24. PMID: 38400842.