Synonym
PD-151746; PD 151746; PD151746;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
3-(5-Fluoro-3-indolyl)-2-mercapto-2-propenoic Acid
InChi Key
HWMQHECFXSVZGN-KMKOMSMNSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C11H8FNO2S/c12-7-1-2-9-8(4-7)6(5-13-9)3-10(16)11(14)15/h1-5,13,16H,(H,14,15)/b10-3-
SMILES Code
O=C(O)/C(S)=C/C1=CNC2=C1C=C(F)C=C2
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>3 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.03.00
Biological target:
PD151746 is a calpain inhibitor, shows a 20-fold selectivity for u-calpain (Ki = 0.26 ± 0.03 μM) over m-calpain (Ki = 5.33 ± 0.77 μM).
In vitro activity:
This study investigated the effects of the calpains 1 and 2 inhibitor PD151746 on insulin signaling and insulin action in human hepatoma G2 cells (HepG2). Incubation with PD151746 resulted in a significant reduction of insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis compared with cells not pre-incubated with the calpain inhibitor (-PD: t(0), 4.90 +/- 1.20%; t(5), 5.90 +/- 1.02%; t(15), 5.29 +/- 0.95%; t(30), 5.60 +/- 1.10%; t(45), 5.52 +/- 0.90%; t(60), 5.67 +/- 0.97%;+PD: t(0), 4.56 +/- 1.10%; t(5), 6.16 +/- 1.05%; t(15), 7.52 +/- 1.09%; t(30), 7.68 +/- 1.10%; t(45), 8.28 +/- 0.89%; t(60), 7.69 +/- 0.98%; P < 0.05). Incubation with PD151746 significantly increased the protein amount of PTPepsilon in the cells after 12 h (-PD: t(1), 0.85 +/- 0.18 RU (Relative unit); t(8), 0.87 +/- 0.18 RU; t(12), 0.9 +/- 0.13 RU; +PD: t(1), 0.92 +/- 0.21 RU; t(8), 1.1 +/- 0.15 RU; t(12), 1.34 +/- 0.16 RU; P < 0.05).
Reference: J Endocrinol. 2007 Apr;193(1):45-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17400802/
In vivo activity:
The data showed that post-ischemic EE inhibited calpain 1 activity, and increased the expression of phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) in the ischemic hemisphere of enriched mice at 21 dpi. Calpain 1-specific inhibitor PD151746 further increased p-STAT3 expression and augmented the promoting effects of EE on post-stroke SVZ neural precursor cells (NPCs) proliferation and functional recovery.
Reference: Brain Res Bull. 2018 May;139:133-143. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29477834/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
42.3 |
289.43 |
| Ethanol |
47.0 |
198.10 |
| Methanol |
5.0 |
21.07 |
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
237.25
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Wang YY, Zhang H, Ma T, Lu Y, Xie HY, Wang W, Ma YH, Li GH, Li YW. Piezo1 mediates neuron oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury via Ca2+/calpain signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 May 21;513(1):147-153. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.163. Epub 2019 Apr 1. PMID: 30948157.
2. Meier M, Klein HH, Kramer J, Drenckhan M, Schütt M. Calpain inhibition impairs glycogen syntheses in HepG2 hepatoma cells without altering insulin signaling. J Endocrinol. 2007 Apr;193(1):45-51. doi: 10.1677/joe.1.07087. PMID: 17400802.
3. Wu X, Liu S, Hu Z, Zhu G, Zheng G, Wang G. Enriched housing promotes post-stroke neurogenesis through calpain 1-STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling. Brain Res Bull. 2018 May;139:133-143. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.02.018. Epub 2018 Mar 22. PMID: 29477834.
4. Lei H, Li X, Jing B, Xu H, Wu Y. Human S100A7 Induces Mature Interleukin1α Expression by RAGE-p38 MAPK-Calpain1 Pathway in Psoriasis. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 6;12(1):e0169788. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169788. PMID: 28060905; PMCID: PMC5218466.
In vitro protocol:
1. Wang YY, Zhang H, Ma T, Lu Y, Xie HY, Wang W, Ma YH, Li GH, Li YW. Piezo1 mediates neuron oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation injury via Ca2+/calpain signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2019 May 21;513(1):147-153. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.163. Epub 2019 Apr 1. PMID: 30948157.
2. Meier M, Klein HH, Kramer J, Drenckhan M, Schütt M. Calpain inhibition impairs glycogen syntheses in HepG2 hepatoma cells without altering insulin signaling. J Endocrinol. 2007 Apr;193(1):45-51. doi: 10.1677/joe.1.07087. PMID: 17400802.
In vivo protocol:
1. Wu X, Liu S, Hu Z, Zhu G, Zheng G, Wang G. Enriched housing promotes post-stroke neurogenesis through calpain 1-STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling. Brain Res Bull. 2018 May;139:133-143. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.02.018. Epub 2018 Mar 22. PMID: 29477834.
2. Lei H, Li X, Jing B, Xu H, Wu Y. Human S100A7 Induces Mature Interleukin1α Expression by RAGE-p38 MAPK-Calpain1 Pathway in Psoriasis. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 6;12(1):e0169788. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169788. PMID: 28060905; PMCID: PMC5218466.
1: Lei H, Li X, Jing B, Xu H, Wu Y. Human S100A7 Induces Mature Interleukin1α Expression by RAGE-p38 MAPK-Calpain1 Pathway in Psoriasis. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 6;12(1):e0169788. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169788. eCollection 2017. PubMed PMID: 28060905; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5218466.
2: Fujita H, Kato T, Watanabe N, Takahashi T, Kitagawa S. Stimulation of human formyl peptide receptors by calpain inhibitors: homology modeling of receptors and ligand docking simulation. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2011 Dec 15;516(2):121-7. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2011.09.017. Epub 2011 Oct 7. PubMed PMID: 22005393.
3: Meier M, Klein HH, Kramer J, Drenckhan M, Schütt M. Calpain inhibition impairs glycogen syntheses in HepG2 hepatoma cells without altering insulin signaling. J Endocrinol. 2007 Apr;193(1):45-51. PubMed PMID: 17400802.
4: Jost MM, Jost P, Klein J, Klein HH. The beta3-adrenergic agonist CL316,243 inhibits insulin signaling but not glucose uptake in primary human adipocytes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2005 Sep;113(8):418-22. PubMed PMID: 16151974.
5: Pörn-Ares MI, Saido TC, Andersson T, Ares MP. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces calpain-dependent cell death and ubiquitination of caspase 3 in HMEC-1 endothelial cells. Biochem J. 2003 Sep 1;374(Pt 2):403-11. PubMed PMID: 12775216; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1223604.
6: Squier MK, Sehnert AJ, Sellins KS, Malkinson AM, Takano E, Cohen JJ. Calpain and calpastatin regulate neutrophil apoptosis. J Cell Physiol. 1999 Mar;178(3):311-9. PubMed PMID: 9989777.
Wu X, Liu S, Hu Z, Zhu G, Zheng G, Wang G. Enriched housing promotes post-stroke neurogenesis through calpain 1-STAT3/HIF-1α/VEGF signaling. Brain Res Bull. 2018 May;139:133-143. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.02.018. Epub 2018 Mar 22. PMID: 29477834.
Zhang ZQ, Lu Y, Zhang H, Dong SH, Wu YT, Wang SN, Huang AH, Jiang QS, Yin SM. Enriched environment ameliorates fear memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation via inhibiting PIEZO1/calpain/autophagy signaling pathway in the basal forebrain. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2024 Feb;30(2):e14365. doi: 10.1111/cns.14365. Epub 2023 Jul 23. PMID: 37485782; PMCID: PMC10848088.
