Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate | CAS#5965-60-6 | precursor

MedKoo Cat#: 597403 | Name: Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate is a precursor of kynurenic acid which is the only recognized endogenous excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist in the central nervous system. L-Kyn is known to be a pigment generating component in animals. In mammals, it modulates the transmission of glutamate neurotransmitter. It is also considered to be a sex-attracting pheromone in vertebrates. L-Kynurenine is a key intermediate in the breakdown of L-tryptophan and the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) via the kynurenine pathway. L-kynurenine is involved in a variety of neurological processes and diseases. L-kynurenine is a substrate for kynureninase/kynurenine hydrolase; kynurenine 3-monooxygenase and kynurenine-oxoglutarate transaminase.

Chemical Structure

Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate

CAS#5965-60-6

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 597403

Name: Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate

CAS#: 5965-60-6

Chemical Formula: C10H16N2O8S

Exact Mass: 324.0627

Molecular Weight: 324.30

Elemental Analysis: C, 37.04; H, 4.97; N, 8.64; O, 39.47; S, 9.89

Price and Availability

This product is currently not in stock but may be available through custom synthesis. To ensure cost efficiency, the minimum order quantity is 1 gram. The estimated lead time is 2 to 4 months, with pricing dependent on the complexity of the synthesis (typically high for intricate chemistries). Quotes for quantities below 1 gram will not be provided. To request a quote, please click the button below. Note: If this product becomes available in stock in the future, pricing will be listed accordingly.

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Related CAS #

No Data

Synonym

Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate; L-Kynurenine sulfate monohydrate;

IUPAC/Chemical Name

(S)-2-amino-4-(2-aminophenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid compound with sulfuric acid (1:1) hydrate

InChi Key

SHULPFGDFMGUFP-JZGIKJSDSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C10H12N2O3.H2O4S.H2O/c11-7-4-2-1-3-6(7)9(13)5-8(12)10(14)15;1-5(2,3)4;/h1-4,8H,5,11-12H2,(H,14,15);(H2,1,2,3,4);1H2/t8-;;/m0../s1

SMILES Code

O=C(O)[C@@H](N)CC(C1=CC=CC=C1N)=O.O=S(O)(O)=O.[H]O[H]

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life

>3 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.03.00

More Info

Instruction

View handling instruction

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 324.30 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

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PubMed PMID: 22108404; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3246337. 6: Gellért L, Knapp L, Németh K, Herédi J, Varga D, Oláh G, Kocsis K, Menyhárt A, Kis Z, Farkas T, Vécsei L, Toldi J. Post-ischemic treatment with L-kynurenine sulfate exacerbates neuronal damage after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neuroscience. 2013 Sep 5;247:95-101. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.063. Epub 2013 May 16. PubMed PMID: 23685169. 7: Mándi Y, Vécsei L. The kynurenine system and immunoregulation. J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2012 Feb;119(2):197-209. doi: 10.1007/s00702-011-0681-y. Epub 2011 Jul 9. Review. PubMed PMID: 21744051. 8: Koshy Cherian A, Gritton H, Johnson DE, Young D, Kozak R, Sarter M. A systemically-available kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II) inhibitor restores nicotine-evoked glutamatergic activity in the cortex of rats. Neuropharmacology. 2014 Jul;82:41-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2014.03.004. Epub 2014 Mar 16. PubMed PMID: 24647121; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4372264. 9: Orsatti L, Speziale R, Orsale MV, Caretti F, Veneziano M, Zini M, Monteagudo E, Lyons K, Beconi M, Chan K, Herbst T, Toledo-Sherman L, Munoz-Sanjuan I, Bonelli F, Dominguez C. A single-run liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method to quantify neuroactive kynurenine pathway metabolites in rat plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2015 Mar 25;107:426-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.01.030. Epub 2015 Jan 24. PubMed PMID: 25668794. 10: Pérez-de la Cruz V, Amori L, Sathyasaikumar KV, Wang XD, Notarangelo FM, Wu HQ, Schwarcz R. Enzymatic transamination of D-kynurenine generates kynurenic acid in rat and human brain. J Neurochem. 2012 Mar;120(6):1026-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07653.x. Epub 2012 Feb 2. PubMed PMID: 22224417; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3929305. 11: Tuna D, Došlić N, Mališ M, Sobolewski AL, Domcke W. Mechanisms of photostability in kynurenines: a joint electronic-structure and dynamics study. J Phys Chem B. 2015 Feb 12;119(6):2112-24. doi: 10.1021/jp501782v. Epub 2014 Aug 1. PubMed PMID: 25054917. 12: Song H, Park H, Kim YS, Kim KD, Lee HK, Cho DH, Yang JW, Hur DY. L-kynurenine-induced apoptosis in human NK cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species. Int Immunopharmacol. 2011 Aug;11(8):932-8. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.02.005. Epub 2011 Feb 23. PubMed PMID: 21352963. 13: Apalset EM, Gjesdal CG, Ueland PM, Midttun Ø, Ulvik A, Eide GE, Meyer K, Tell GS. Interferon (IFN)-γ-mediated inflammation and the kynurenine pathway in relation to bone mineral density: the Hordaland Health Study. Clin Exp Immunol. 2014 Jun;176(3):452-60. doi: 10.1111/cei.12288. PubMed PMID: 24528145; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4008990. 14: Theofylaktopoulou D, Ulvik A, Midttun Ø, Ueland PM, Vollset SE, Nygård O, Hustad S, Tell GS, Eussen SJ. Vitamins B2 and B6 as determinants of kynurenines and related markers of interferon-γ-mediated immune activation in the community-based Hordaland Health Study. Br J Nutr. 2014 Oct 14;112(7):1065-72. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514001858. Epub 2014 Aug 8. PubMed PMID: 25105221. 15: Chauvel V, Vamos E, Pardutz A, Vecsei L, Schoenen J, Multon S. Effect of systemic kynurenine on cortical spreading depression and its modulation by sex hormones in rat. Exp Neurol. 2012 Aug;236(2):207-14. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.05.002. Epub 2012 May 14. PubMed PMID: 22587906. 16: Guo S, Vecsei L, Ashina M. The L-kynurenine signalling pathway in trigeminal pain processing: a potential therapeutic target in migraine? Cephalalgia. 2011 Jul;31(9):1029-38. doi: 10.1177/0333102411404717. Epub 2011 May 18. Review. PubMed PMID: 21593189. 17: Wang XD, Notarangelo FM, Wang JZ, Schwarcz R. Kynurenic acid and 3-hydroxykynurenine production from D-kynurenine in mice. Brain Res. 2012 May 21;1455:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.03.026. Epub 2012 Mar 17. PubMed PMID: 22498176; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3340494. 18: Klockow JL, Glass TE. Development of a fluorescent chemosensor for the detection of kynurenine. Org Lett. 2013 Jan 18;15(2):235-7. doi: 10.1021/ol303025m. Epub 2012 Dec 24. PubMed PMID: 23265271. 19: Liu XC, Holtze M, Powell SB, Terrando N, Larsson MK, Persson A, Olsson SK, Orhan F, Kegel M, Asp L, Goiny M, Schwieler L, Engberg G, Karlsson H, Erhardt S. Behavioral disturbances in adult mice following neonatal virus infection or kynurenine treatment--role of brain kynurenic acid. Brain Behav Immun. 2014 Feb;36:80-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.10.010. Epub 2013 Oct 17. PubMed PMID: 24140727; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3947209. 20: Maitrani C, Heyes DJ, Hay S, Arumugam S, Popik VV, Phillips RS. Preparation and photophysical properties of a caged kynurenine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2012 Apr 15;22(8):2734-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.02.097. Epub 2012 Mar 6. PubMed PMID: 22444682.