Synonym
Delnatex; Delnav; Deltic; Dioxane phosphate; Dioxathion; Dioxation;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
S,S'-(p-Dioxane-2,3-diyl)bis(O,O-diethylphosphorodithioate)
InChi Key
VBKKVDGJXVOLNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C12H26O6P2S4/c1-5-15-19(21,16-6-2)23-11-12(14-10-9-13-11)24-20(22,17-7-3)18-8-4/h11-12H,5-10H2,1-4H3
SMILES Code
S=P(OCC)(SC1OCCOC1SP(OCC)(OCC)=S)OCC
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Dioxation is an organophosphate pesticide.
In vivo activity:
The ranch with dioxathion treatment experienced an overall tsetse reduction of 19.15% during the thirteenth to fifteenth weeks and the factors contributing to this are discussed.
Reference: Trop Anim Health Prod. 1994 Feb;26(1):21-7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8009646/
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
456.52
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Okello-Onen J, Heinonen R, Ssekitto CM, Mwayi WT, Kakaire D, Kabarema M. Control of tsetse flies in Uganda by dipping cattle in deltamethrin. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1994 Feb;26(1):21-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02241128. PMID: 8009646.
2. Davey RB, Ahrens EH, George JE. Ovicidal activity of topically applied acaricides against eggs of the southern cattle tick (Acari: Ixodidae). J Econ Entomol. 1989 Apr;82(2):539-42. doi: 10.1093/jee/82.2.539. PMID: 2708632.
In vivo protocol:
1. Okello-Onen J, Heinonen R, Ssekitto CM, Mwayi WT, Kakaire D, Kabarema M. Control of tsetse flies in Uganda by dipping cattle in deltamethrin. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1994 Feb;26(1):21-7. doi: 10.1007/BF02241128. PMID: 8009646.
2. Davey RB, Ahrens EH, George JE. Ovicidal activity of topically applied acaricides against eggs of the southern cattle tick (Acari: Ixodidae). J Econ Entomol. 1989 Apr;82(2):539-42. doi: 10.1093/jee/82.2.539. PMID: 2708632.
1: Keating MI. Excretion of toxaphene and dioxathion in the milk of dairy. Bull Anim Health Prod Afr. 1979 Dec;27(4):279-86. PubMed PMID: 548142.
2: PALMER JS. OBSERVATIONS OF BRAHMAN AND HEREFORD CATTLE SPRAYED WITH DIOXATHION. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1965 Feb 1;146:221-3. PubMed PMID: 14296166.
3: Luguru SM, Banda DS, Pegram RG. Susceptibility of ticks to acaricides in Zambia. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1984 Feb;16(1):21-6. PubMed PMID: 6730000.
4: Natala AJ, Agyei AD, Awumbila B. Susceptibility of Amblyomma variegatum ticks to acaricides in Ghana. Exp Appl Acarol. 2005;35(3):259-68. PubMed PMID: 15792105.
5: Morzaria SP, Irvin AD, Wathanga J, D'Souza D, Katende J, Young AS, Scott J, Gettinby G. The effect of East Coast fever immunisation and different acaricidal treatments on the productivity of beef cattle. Vet Rec. 1988 Sep 17;123(12):313-20. PubMed PMID: 3143177.
6: Keating MI. Dioxathion (Delnav) residues in milk in Kenya. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1987 Aug;19(3):147-52. PubMed PMID: 3660448.
7: PALMER JS. OXIME THERAPY FOR CATTLE WITH DIOXATHION POISONING. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1965 Apr 1;146:697-700. PubMed PMID: 14317601.
8: Mosha RD, Schyum P. The efficacy of ethion EC (1010 g/l) against cattle ticks in Morogoro, Tanzania. Acta Trop. 1992 Dec;52(2-3):129-33. PubMed PMID: 1363176.
9: FRAWLEY JP, WEIR R, TUSING T, DUBOIS KP, CALANDRA JC. TOXICOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS ON DELNAV. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1963 Sep;5:605-24. PubMed PMID: 14068278.
10: Nigg HN, Stamper JH. Comparative disappearance of dioxathion, malathion, oxydemetonmethyl and dialifor from Florida citrus leaf and fruit surfaces. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1981 Jul;10(4):497-504. PubMed PMID: 7259310.
11: Baker JA, Jordaan JO, Robertson WD. Ixodicidal resistance in Boophilus microplus (Canestrini) in the Republic of South Africa and Transkei. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1979 Dec;50(4):296-301. PubMed PMID: 553968.
12: Keating MI. Tick control by chemical ixodicides in Kenya: a review 1912 to 1981. Trop Anim Health Prod. 1983 Feb;15(1):1-6. Review. PubMed PMID: 6342241.
13: Matthewson MD, Blackman GG, Hirst RG. Resistance to certain organophosphorus ixodicides in strains of Boophilus decoloratus from Zambia. Vet Rec. 1980 Nov 22;107(21):491. PubMed PMID: 7445350.
14: Spickett AM, Nari Henrioud AJ. The efficacy of the Drummond adult test on Boophilus microplus females (Acarina: Ixodidae) subjected to various periods of cold storage prior to organophosphate testing. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1983 Sep;50(3):197-8. PubMed PMID: 6646662.
15: Nevill EM. The effect of arsenical dips on Parafilaria bovicola in artificially infected cattle in South Africa. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1985 Dec;52(4):221-5. PubMed PMID: 4088635.
16: Hogsette JA, Prichard DL, Ruff JP. Economic effects of horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations on beef cattle exposed to three pesticide treatment regimes. J Econ Entomol. 1991 Aug;84(4):1270-4. PubMed PMID: 1842800.
17: Spickett AM, van Ark H. Fitting the Gompertz function to dose-response data of larval tick populations. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1990 Jun;57(2):115-8. PubMed PMID: 2216342.
18: Cunningham ML, Elwell MR, Matthews HB. Relationship of carcinogenicity and cellular proliferation induced by mutagenic noncarcinogens vs carcinogens. III. Organophosphate pesticides vs tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1994 Oct;23(3):363-9. PubMed PMID: 7835536.
19: Solomon KR, Baker MK, Heyne H, van Kleef J. The use of frequency diagrams in the survey of resistance to pesticides in ticks in Southern Africa. Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1979 Sep;46(3):171-7. PubMed PMID: 551365.
20: National Toxicology Program. Bioassay of dioxathion for possible carcinogenicity. Natl Cancer Inst Carcinog Tech Rep Ser. 1978;125:1-99. PubMed PMID: 12799667.
