Achatin I | CAS#121912-19-4 | neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide

MedKoo Cat#: 596925 | Name: Achatin I

Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Achatin I is a neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide from Achatina fulica Ferussac (African giant snail); achatin-I has D-Phe residue; achatin-II has L-Phe.

Chemical Structure

Achatin I

CAS#121912-19-4

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 596925

Name: Achatin I

CAS#: 121912-19-4

Chemical Formula: C18H24N4O7

Exact Mass: 408.1645

Molecular Weight: 408.41

Elemental Analysis: C, 52.94; H, 5.92; N, 13.72; O, 27.42

Price and Availability

This product is currently not in stock but may be available through custom synthesis. To ensure cost efficiency, the minimum order quantity is 1 gram. The estimated lead time is 2 to 4 months, with pricing dependent on the complexity of the synthesis (typically high for intricate chemistries). Quotes for quantities below 1 gram will not be provided. To request a quote, please click the button below. Note: If this product becomes available in stock in the future, pricing will be listed accordingly.

Bulk Inquiry

Related CAS #

No Data

Synonym

Achatin I; Achatin-II; Achatin-I; Achatin II; Gfad peptide;

IUPAC/Chemical Name

glycyl-D-phenylalanyl-L-alanyl-L-aspartic acid

InChi Key

ZCPBEAHAVUJKAE-UHTWSYAYSA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C18H24N4O7/c1-10(16(26)22-13(18(28)29)8-15(24)25)20-17(27)12(21-14(23)9-19)7-11-5-3-2-4-6-11/h2-6,10,12-13H,7-9,19H2,1H3,(H,20,27)(H,21,23)(H,22,26)(H,24,25)(H,28,29)/t10-,12+,13-/m0/s1

SMILES Code

O=C(O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC([C@H](C)NC([C@@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(CN)=O)=O)=O

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

More Info

Instruction

View handling instruction

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 408.41 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

1: Pang X, Jia C, Chen Z, Li L. Structural Characterization of Monomers and Oligomers of D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides Using T-Wave Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom. 2017 Jan;28(1):110-118. doi: 10.1007/s13361-016-1523-9. Epub 2016 Nov 7. PubMed PMID: 27822705; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5177490. 2: Jia C, Lietz CB, Yu Q, Li L. Site-specific characterization of (D)-amino acid containing peptide epimers by ion mobility spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2014 Mar 18;86(6):2972-81. doi: 10.1021/ac4033824. Epub 2014 Jan 3. PubMed PMID: 24328107; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4000271. 3: Bai L, Livnat I, Romanova EV, Alexeeva V, Yau PM, Vilim FS, Weiss KR, Jing J, Sweedler JV. Characterization of GdFFD, a D-amino acid-containing neuropeptide that functions as an extrinsic modulator of the Aplysia feeding circuit. J Biol Chem. 2013 Nov 15;288(46):32837-51. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.486670. Epub 2013 Sep 27. PubMed PMID: 24078634; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3829136. 4: Kimura T, Ninomiya K, Futaki S. NMR investigation of the electrostatic effect in binding of a neuropeptide, achatin-I, to phosphatidylcholine bilayers. J Phys Chem B. 2007 Apr 12;111(14):3831-8. Epub 2007 Mar 16. PubMed PMID: 17388516. 5: Kimura T, Okamura E, Matubayasi N, Asami K, Nakahara M. NMR study on the binding of neuropeptide achatin-I to phospholipid bilayer: the equilibrium, location, and peptide conformation. Biophys J. 2004 Jul;87(1):375-85. PubMed PMID: 15240472; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1304359. 6: Kimura T, Matubayasi N, Nakahara M. Side-chain conformational thermodynamics of aspartic acid residue in the peptides and achatin-I in aqueous solution. Biophys J. 2004 Feb;86(2):1124-37. PubMed PMID: 14747347; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1303905. 7: Satake H, Yasuda-Kamatani Y, Takuwa K, Nomoto K, Minakata H, Nagahama T, Nakabayashi K, Matsushima O. Characterization of a cDNA encoding a precursor polypeptide of a D-amino acid-containing peptide, achatin-I and localized expression of the achatin-I and fulicin genes. Eur J Biochem. 1999 Apr;261(1):130-6. PubMed PMID: 10103043. 8: Yasuda-Kamatani Y. Molluscan neuropeptides. EXS. 1998;85:37-56. Review. PubMed PMID: 9949867. 9: Poteryaev DA, Zakharov IS, Balaban PM, Belyavsky AV. A novel neuropeptide precursor gene is expressed in the terrestrial snail central nervous system by a group of neurons that control mating behavior. J Neurobiol. 1998 May;35(2):183-97. PubMed PMID: 9581973. 10: Zhang W, Takeuchi H, Kurono M, Emaduddin M. Ouabain-sensitive K(+)-dependent outward current caused by threo-beta-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid on a snail neuron. Gen Pharmacol. 1997 Oct;29(4):625-32. PubMed PMID: 9352313. 11: Han XY, Salunga TL, Zhang W, Takeuchi H, Matsunami K. Modulation by APGW-amide, an Achatina endogenous inhibitory tetrapeptide, of currents induced by neuroactive compounds on Achatina neurons: peptides. Gen Pharmacol. 1997 Oct;29(4):531-8. PubMed PMID: 9352298. 12: Emaduddin M, Takeuchi H, Jain RM, Chauhan VS. Synthesis of achatin-I (Gly-D-Phe-L-Ala-L-Asp) analogs having dehydrophenylalanine or aminoisobutyric acid residue at position 2, and their effects on Achatina giant neurons. Gen Pharmacol. 1997 Feb;28(2):265-7. PubMed PMID: 9013205. 13: Salunga TL, Han XY, Wong SM, Takeuchi H, Matsunami K, Upton C, Mercer AD. Blocking effects of promethazine, triprolidine and their analogues on the excitation caused by the peptide, achatin-I. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 May 23;304(1-3):163-71. PubMed PMID: 8813599. 14: Emaduddin M, Liu GJ, Takeuchi H, Munekata E. Multiple intracellular signal transduction pathways mediating inward current produced by the neuropeptide, achatin-I. Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Apr 29;302(1-3):129-39. PubMed PMID: 8791001. 15: Takeuchi H, Araki Y, Emaduddin M, Zhang W, Han XY, Salunga TL, Wong SM. Identifiable Achatina giant neurones: their localizations in ganglia, axonal pathways and pharmacological features. Gen Pharmacol. 1996 Jan;27(1):3-32. Review. PubMed PMID: 8742492. 16: Araki Y, Liu GJ, Zhang W, Takeuchi H, Munekata E. Further mapping of the Achatina giant neurone types sensitive to the neuroactive peptides isolated from invertebrates. Gen Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;26(8):1701-8. PubMed PMID: 8745159. 17: Liu GJ, Takeuchi H. Suppressing effects of neuroactive peptides on the inward current caused by achatin-I, an Achatina endogenous peptide. Gen Pharmacol. 1995 Jul;26(4):765-72. PubMed PMID: 7543426. 18: Santos DE, Liu GJ, Takeuchi H. Blockers for excitatory effects of achatin-I, a tetrapeptide having a D-phenylalanine residue, on a snail neurone. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Jan 16;272(2-3):231-9. PubMed PMID: 7713167. 19: Takeuchi H, Emaduddin M, Araki Y, Zhang W, Han XY, Salunga TL, Wong SM. Further study on the effects of achatin-I, an Achatina endogenous neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide having a D-phenylalanine residue, on Achatina neurones. Acta Biol Hung. 1995;46(2-4):395-400. PubMed PMID: 8853710. 20: Akamatsu M, Yamaguchi H, Nishimura K, Sawada H, Nomoto K, Ueno T. Structure-depolarizing activity relationship for achatin-I, a tetrapeptide with a D-Phe residue, and its derivatives toward the crayfish giant axon. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1994 Jun;58(6):1123-7. PubMed PMID: 7765350.