Glutamine | CAS#56-85-9 | amino acid

MedKoo Cat#: 596425 | Name: Glutamine

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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Glutamine is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.

Chemical Structure

Glutamine

CAS#56-85-9

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 596425

Name: Glutamine

CAS#: 56-85-9

Chemical Formula: C5H10N2O3

Exact Mass: 146.0691

Molecular Weight: 146.15

Elemental Analysis: C, 41.09; H, 6.90; N, 19.17; O, 32.84

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability	Quantity
5g	USD 250.00	2 Weeks
25g	USD 450.00	2 Weeks

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Related CAS #

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Synonym

Glutamine; Glumin; Glavamin; Levoglutamide; L-Glutamine; H-Gln-OH; NSC 27421; NSC-27421; NSC27421;

IUPAC/Chemical Name

L-glutamine

InChi Key

ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N

InChi Code

InChI=1S/C5H10N2O3/c6-3(5(9)10)1-2-4(7)8/h3H,1-2,6H2,(H2,7,8)(H,9,10)/t3-/m0/s1

SMILES Code

N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(O)=O

Appearance

Solid powder

Purity

>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition

Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition

Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility

Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life

>2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation

This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage

0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code

2934.99.9001

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Product Data

Product Data

Instruction

View handling instruction

Biological target:

L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes.

In vitro activity:

The results showed that CD8+ T cells in the group lacking Gln had increased PD-1 expression (Figure 10A) and decreased secretion of PRF1 (Figure 10B) and GZMB (Figure 10C) compared with those in the control group. Similarly, JC-1 staining was decreased (Figure 10D), and the levels of ROS (Figure 10E) and apoptosis (Figure 10F) were increased. Together, these data showed that hepatoma cells competed with CD8+ T cells for Gln. Gln deficiency inhibited the function of CD8+ T cells and induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis. Reference: World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022 Jun 15;14(6):1124-1140. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35949216/

In vivo activity:

These immunocompetent Atg5+/+ mice fed with high glutamine diet developed significantly smaller tumors after orthotopic tumor implantation (Figure 6C). H&E staining of the excised tumors from mice fed with high glutamine diet showed areas of residual normal glandular parenchyma (Figure S6). IHC staining revealed that infiltrating cytotoxic CD8+ T cells were more notably abundant with overall less Foxp3+ Tregs detected in tumor sections from high glutamine-fed mice (Figure 6D, upper 4 panels). Reference: Theranostics. 2022 Aug 8;12(13):6038-6056. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35966597/

	Solvent	mg/mL	mM
Solubility
	Water	17.9	122.21

Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 146.15 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:

1. Wang W, Guo MN, Li N, Pang DQ, Wu JH. Glutamine deprivation impairs function of infiltrating CD8+ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing mitochondrial damage and apoptosis. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022 Jun 15;14(6):1124-1140. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i6.1124. PMID: 35949216; PMCID: PMC9244988. 2. Corless M, Kiely A, McClenaghan NH, Flatt PR, Newsholme P. Glutamine regulates expression of key transcription factor, signal transduction, metabolic gene, and protein expression in a clonal pancreatic beta-cell line. J Endocrinol. 2006 Sep;190(3):719-27. doi: 10.1677/joe.1.06892. PMID: 17003273. 3. Cao S, Hung YW, Wang YC, Chung Y, Qi Y, Ouyang C, Zhong X, Hu W, Coblentz A, Maghami E, Sun Z, Lin HH, Ann DK. Glutamine is essential for overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment in malignant salivary gland tumors. Theranostics. 2022 Aug 8;12(13):6038-6056. doi: 10.7150/thno.73896. PMID: 35966597; PMCID: PMC9373812. 4. Zhou J, Chen H, Du J, Tai H, Han X, Huang N, Wang X, Gong H, Yang M, Xiao H. Glutamine Availability Regulates the Development of Aging Mediated by mTOR Signaling and Autophagy. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 4;13:924081. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924081. PMID: 35860029; PMCID: PMC9289448.

In vitro protocol:

In vivo protocol:

1. Cao S, Hung YW, Wang YC, Chung Y, Qi Y, Ouyang C, Zhong X, Hu W, Coblentz A, Maghami E, Sun Z, Lin HH, Ann DK. Glutamine is essential for overcoming the immunosuppressive microenvironment in malignant salivary gland tumors. Theranostics. 2022 Aug 8;12(13):6038-6056. doi: 10.7150/thno.73896. PMID: 35966597; PMCID: PMC9373812. 2. Zhou J, Chen H, Du J, Tai H, Han X, Huang N, Wang X, Gong H, Yang M, Xiao H. Glutamine Availability Regulates the Development of Aging Mediated by mTOR Signaling and Autophagy. Front Pharmacol. 2022 Jul 4;13:924081. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924081. PMID: 35860029; PMCID: PMC9289448.

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