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MedKoo Cat#: 596349 | Name: Pyriproxyfen
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator; a juvenile hormone analog and insect growth regulator used to control insects by disrupting metamorphosis. Has been effective in controlling mosquito larvae. Pyriproxyfen is approved for use in drinking water tanks for human consumption.

Chemical Structure

Pyriproxyfen
Pyriproxyfen
CAS#95737-68-1

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 596349

Name: Pyriproxyfen

CAS#: 95737-68-1

Chemical Formula: C20H19NO3

Exact Mass: 321.1365

Molecular Weight: 321.37

Elemental Analysis: C, 74.75; H, 5.96; N, 4.36; O, 14.93

Price and Availability

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50mg USD 550.00
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Synonym
Pyriproxyfen; Sumilarv; Tiger 10EC; Knack; Pluto MC; OMS 3019; SK 591; Nylar;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
2-((1-(4-phenoxyphenoxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)pyridine
InChi Key
NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C20H19NO3/c1-16(23-20-9-5-6-14-21-20)15-22-17-10-12-19(13-11-17)24-18-7-3-2-4-8-18/h2-14,16H,15H2,1H3
SMILES Code
CC(OC1=NC=CC=C1)COC2=CC=C(OC3=CC=CC=C3)C=C2
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO and ethanol
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine insecticide that mimics juvenile growth hormone, which prevents larvae from developing into reproduction-capable adults. The LD50 of pyriproxyfen in rats is >5,000 mg/kg, >1,300 mg/cubic meter/4 hours, and >2,000 mg/kg through oral, inhalation, or percutaneous dosing, respectively. In addition, in zebrafish, even very high doses (0.1 µg/ml, compared with 0.01 µg/ml used in practice for pest control) pyriproxyfen does not induce microcephaly or other brain malformations.
In vitro activity:
Pyriproxyfen boosted vesicular stomatitis virus replication, altered cell membranes, and promoted the formation of large extracellular vesicles containing both the virus and mitochondria. While its impact on cell viability varied across cell types, it increased viability in Jurkat cells but decreased it when combined with vesicular stomatitis virus, hinting at a disruption of mammalian cell lipid environments that affect viral replication. Reference: Virol J. 2020 Jul 6;17(1):93. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32631404/
In vivo activity:
In zebrafish exposed to 56.6 μg/L pyriproxyfen, thyroid hormone receptor β gene expression stayed the same, but thyroid-stimulating hormone β subunit, iodtyronin deiodinase 2, and thyroid hormone receptor α gene expression decreased significantly compared to the control group. In zebrafish exposed to higher pyriproxyfen concentrations (111.7 or 250.7 μg/L), iodtyronin deiodinase 1 gene expression significantly increased. This suggests that pyriproxyfen disrupts thyroid hormone function and hinders zebrafish growth. Reference: Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Jul;269:109632. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37075951/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMSO 64.0 199.15
Ethanol 64.0 199.15
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 321.37 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Faria Waziry PA, Raja A, Salmon C, Aldana N, Damodar S, Fukushima AR, Mayi BS. Impact of pyriproxyfen on virus behavior: implications for pesticide-induced virulence and mechanism of transmission. Virol J. 2020 Jul 6;17(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12985-020-01378-y. PMID: 32631404; PMCID: PMC7339562. 2. Bayoumi AE, Pérez-Pertejo Y, Zidan HZ, Balaña-Fouce R, Ordóñez C, Ordóñez D. Cytotoxic effects of two antimolting insecticides in mammalian CHO-K1 cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2003 May;55(1):19-23. doi: 10.1016/s0147-6513(02)00068-4. PMID: 12706389. 3. Horie Y, Mitsunaga K, Yap CK. Pyriproxyfen influences growth as well as thyroid hormone-related and gh/igf-1 gene expression during the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Jul;269:109632. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109632. Epub 2023 Apr 17. PMID: 37075951. 4. Azevedo RDS, Falcão KVG, Assis CRD, Martins RMG, Araújo MC, Yogui GT, Neves JL, Seabra GM, Maia MBS, Amaral IPG, Leite ACR, Bezerra RS. Effects of pyriproxyfen on zebrafish brain mitochondria and acetylcholinesterase. Chemosphere. 2021 Jan;263:128029. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128029. Epub 2020 Aug 23. PMID: 33297050.
In vitro protocol:
1. Faria Waziry PA, Raja A, Salmon C, Aldana N, Damodar S, Fukushima AR, Mayi BS. Impact of pyriproxyfen on virus behavior: implications for pesticide-induced virulence and mechanism of transmission. Virol J. 2020 Jul 6;17(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12985-020-01378-y. PMID: 32631404; PMCID: PMC7339562. 2. Bayoumi AE, Pérez-Pertejo Y, Zidan HZ, Balaña-Fouce R, Ordóñez C, Ordóñez D. Cytotoxic effects of two antimolting insecticides in mammalian CHO-K1 cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2003 May;55(1):19-23. doi: 10.1016/s0147-6513(02)00068-4. PMID: 12706389.
In vivo protocol:
1. Horie Y, Mitsunaga K, Yap CK. Pyriproxyfen influences growth as well as thyroid hormone-related and gh/igf-1 gene expression during the early life stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2023 Jul;269:109632. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109632. Epub 2023 Apr 17. PMID: 37075951. 2. Azevedo RDS, Falcão KVG, Assis CRD, Martins RMG, Araújo MC, Yogui GT, Neves JL, Seabra GM, Maia MBS, Amaral IPG, Leite ACR, Bezerra RS. Effects of pyriproxyfen on zebrafish brain mitochondria and acetylcholinesterase. Chemosphere. 2021 Jan;263:128029. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128029. Epub 2020 Aug 23. PMID: 33297050.
1: Xu Z, Zheng Q, Li N, Deng W, Qin T, Lv T, Wang L, Li M, Chen X, Zhang W, Liu B, Peng X. Rational design of a dual-mode fluorescent probe for portable detection of pyriproxyfen in the environment and food. J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jul 28;477:135364. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135364. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39111178. 2: McNamara TD, Vargas N, McDuffie D, Bartz CE, Mosore MT, Kline DL, Buckner EA, Jiang Y, Martin EM. Evaluation of the In2Care Mosquito Station at low deployment density: a field study to manage Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in North Central Florida. J Med Entomol. 2024 Aug 2:tjae089. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjae089. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39093689. 3: Li Y, Peng J, Li H, Zhang R, Chen J, Hou X, Yang G. Integrating pyriproxyfen into the incompatible insect technique enhances mosquito population suppression efficiency and eliminates the risk of population replacement. Pest Manag Sci. 2024 Jul 28. doi: 10.1002/ps.8339. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39072896. 4: da Silva AS, de Mello TF, Fagá HFE, Knorst JK, Silva FRMB, Leite GAA. Female Mice Exposed to Pyriproxyfen Since Prepuberty Showed Reproductive Impairment During Sexual Maturity and Increased Fetal Death in Their Offspring. Environ Toxicol. 2024 Jul 22. doi: 10.1002/tox.24374. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39037111. 5: Gouveia AS, Codeço CT, Ferreira FADS, Cortés JJC, Luz SLB. Diflubenzuron larvicide auto-dissemination: A modeling study. Acta Trop. 2024 Jul 20;258:107325. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107325. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39032848. 6: Kancharlapalli SJ, Brelsfoard CL. The impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen on male and female Aedes albopictus reproductive fitness. Front Insect Sci. 2024 Jul 2;4:1430422. doi: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1430422. PMID: 39015484; PMCID: PMC11250599. 7: Lukole EA, Cook J, Mosha JF, Mallya E, Aziz T, Kulkarni MA, Matowo NS, Martin J, Rowland M, Kleinschmidt I, Manjurano A, Mosha FW, Protopopoff N. Will a lack of fabric durability be their downfall? Impact of textile durability on the efficacy of three types of dual-active-ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets: a secondary analysis on malaria prevalence and incidence from a cluster- randomized trial in north-west Tanzania. Malar J. 2024 Jun 28;23(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12936-024-05020-y. PMID: 38943155; PMCID: PMC11212245. 8: Li H, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Guo X, Hou J, Li H, Wei J, Li X. Effects of pyriproxyfen on development and hormone of the aphis, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae). J Econ Entomol. 2024 Jun 27:toae141. doi: 10.1093/jee/toae141. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38935064. 9: Padilha RMO, da Silva Gomes S, da Silva JF, Silva RPF, de Andrade ALC, Dos Santos Magnabosco AR, Santos TP, de Lima Silva AR, da Silva MLSC, Cadena MRS, Cadena PG. Assessment of toxicity of pyriproxyfen, Bacillus thuringiensis, and malathion and their mixtures used for mosquito control on embryo-larval development and behavior of zebrafish. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Jun;31(30):42672-42685. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33955-x. Epub 2024 Jun 14. PMID: 38874756. 10: Khalid MZ, Liu J, Zhang J, Yang L, Sun Z, Zhong G. Pyriproxyfen enhances germline stem cell proliferation and reduces reproduction in Drosophila by up- regulating juvenile hormone signaling. Pest Manag Sci. 2024 Jun 12. doi: 10.1002/ps.8234. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38865711. 11: Sovi A, Yovogan B, Adoha CJ, Akinro B, Accrombessi M, Dangbénon E, Assongba L, Salako AS, Padonou GG, Messenger LA, Ngufor C, Cook J, Protopopoff N, Akogbéto MC. Efficacy of pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen and pyrethroid-chlorfenapyr nets on entomological indicators of malaria transmission: third year of a randomised controlled trial in Benin. Sci Rep. 2024 Jun 5;14(1):12958. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-63883-2. PMID: 38839981; PMCID: PMC11153598. 12: Myers A, Fagbohoun J, Houetohossou G, Ndombidje B, Govoetchan R, Todjinou D, Ngufor C. Identifying suitable methods for evaluating the sterilizing effects of pyriproxyfen on adult malaria vectors: a comparison of the oviposition and ovary dissection methods. Malar J. 2024 May 24;23(1):164. doi: 10.1186/s12936-024-04983-2. PMID: 38789998; PMCID: PMC11127354. 13: Jiang S, Lin J, Zhang R, Wu Q, Li H, Zhang Q, Wang M, Dai L, Xie D, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Han B. In situ mass spectrometry imaging reveals pesticide residues and key metabolic pathways throughout the entire cowpea growth process. J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jul 5;472:134534. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134534. Epub 2024 May 7. PMID: 38733786. 14: Ur Rahman A, Khan I, Usman A, Khan H. Evaluation of Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) as biological pesticides for control of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. J Vector Borne Dis. 2024 Jan 1;61(1):129-135. doi: 10.4103/0972-9062.392257. Epub 2024 Mar 23. PMID: 38648415. 15: Durrance-Bagale A, Hoe N, Lai J, Liew JWK, Clapham H, Howard N. Dengue vector control in high-income, city settings: A scoping review of approaches and methods. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Apr 17;18(4):e0012081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012081. PMID: 38630673; PMCID: PMC11023197. 16: Iqbal N, Sadiq N, Naqqash MN, Usman M, Khan HAA, Abid AD, Shahzad MS. Transgenerational effects of pyriproxyfen in a field strain of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae). PLoS One. 2024 Mar 22;19(3):e0300922. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300922. PMID: 38517921; PMCID: PMC10959378. 17: Müller JN, Galardo AKR, Corrêa APSA, Macoris MLDG, de Melo-Santos MAV, Nakazawa MM, Martins AJ, Lima JBP. Impact of SumiLarv® 2MR on Aedes aegypti larvae: a multicenter study in Brazil. Parasit Vectors. 2024 Feb 26;17(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s13071-023-06064-w. PMID: 38409019; PMCID: PMC10895835. 18: Accrombessi M, Cook J, Dangbenon E, Sovi A, Yovogan B, Assongba L, Adoha CJ, Akinro B, Affoukou C, Padonou GG, Kleinschmidt I, Messenger LA, Rowland M, Ngufor C, Akogbeto MC, Protopopoff N. Effectiveness of pyriproxyfen-pyrethroid and chlorfenapyr-pyrethroid long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs for malaria control in the third year post-distribution: a secondary analysis of a cluster-randomised controlled trial in Benin. Lancet Infect Dis. 2024 Jun;24(6):619-628. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00002-1. Epub 2024 Feb 21. PMID: 38401551. 19: Teixeira JRS, de Souza AM, Macedo-Sampaio JV, Menezes FP, Pereira BF, de Medeiros SRB, Luchiari AC. Embryotoxic Effects of Pesticides in Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Diflubenzuron, Pyriproxyfen, and Its Mixtures. Toxics. 2024 Feb 18;12(2):160. doi: 10.3390/toxics12020160. PMID: 38393255; PMCID: PMC10892354. 20: Martin J, Lukole E, Messenger LA, Aziz T, Mallya E, Bernard E, Matowo NS, Mosha JF, Rowland M, Mosha FW, Manjurano A, Protopopoff N. Monitoring of Fabric Integrity and Attrition Rate of Dual-Active Ingredient Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets in Tanzania: A Prospective Cohort Study Nested in a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Insects. 2024 Feb 4;15(2):108. doi: 10.3390/insects15020108. PMID: 38392527; PMCID: PMC10889750.

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