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MedKoo Cat#: 581239 | Name: Diuron
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Diuron is a phenylurea herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis by preventing the formation of ATP and NADH.1 It decreases total respiration in roots of wheat by 50% and ground respiration by 100% when used at a concentration of 25 nM/ml.2 Diuron (2,500 ppm, dietary) increases the incidence of urinary bladder urothelial carcinomas in male and female mice by 73 and 27%, respectively.1 It increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma and BeWo human placental choriocarcinoma cells when used at a concentration of 200 µM and reduces viability of BeWo, but not MCF-7, cells when used at concentrations of 50 and 200 µM.3 Formulations containing diuron have been used to control broadleaf and grass weeds and as a biocidal antifouling agent.

Chemical Structure

Diuron
Diuron
CAS#330-54-1

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 581239

Name: Diuron

CAS#: 330-54-1

Chemical Formula: C9H10Cl2N2O

Exact Mass: 232.0170

Molecular Weight: 233.09

Elemental Analysis: C, 46.38; H, 4.32; Cl, 30.42; N, 12.02; O, 6.86

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5g USD 250.00 2 weeks
25g USD 450.00 2 weeks
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Related CAS #
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Synonym
Diuron; Dirurol; HW 920; Karmex; Lucenit; Marmer; Seduron; Daion; DCMU; Duran; NSC 8950; NSC8950; NSC-8950;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
1,1-Dimethyl-3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea
InChi Key
XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C9H10Cl2N2O/c1-13(2)9(14)12-6-3-4-7(10)8(11)5-6/h3-5H,1-2H3,(H,12,14)
SMILES Code
O=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1)N(C)C
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Diuron is a phenylurea herbicide that inhibits photosynthesis by preventing the formation of ATP and NADH.
In vitro activity:
Diuron clearly reduced the viability of BeWo, but not MCF-7 cells. The relative cell number was decreased in both cell lines indicative of inhibition of cell proliferation. In the Comet assay, diuron increased DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 but not in BeWo cells. The expressions of p53 protein, a marker for cell stress, and p21 protein, a transcriptional target of p53, were increased, but only in MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that diuron is cytotoxic and potentially genotoxic in a tissue-specific manner and that ROS play a role in its toxicity. Reference: Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Oct;29(7):1577-86. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26086120/
In vivo activity:
Moreover, the proportion of diuron metabolites (DCPMU and DCPU) was increased in fish, but the proportion of diuron was decreased with the increasing of exposure concentration. Diuron, DCPMU, and DCPU was identified as aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist (AhR) agonist using in silico and in vivo models. DCPMU and DCPU induced the gene expression of AhR signaling and metabolizing enzymes (such as cyp1a1) in the livers. Reference: Chemosphere. 2022 Oct;305:135388. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35718029/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
DMSO 250.0 1,072.54
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 233.09 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Huovinen M, Loikkanen J, Naarala J, Vähäkangas K. Toxicity of diuron in human cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Oct;29(7):1577-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.013. Epub 2015 Jun 15. PMID: 26086120. 2. Da Rocha MS, Arnold LL, Dodmane PR, Pennington KL, Qiu F, De Camargo JL, Cohen SM. Diuron metabolites and urothelial cytotoxicity: in vivo, in vitro and molecular approaches. Toxicology. 2013 Dec 15;314(2-3):238-46. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Oct 27. PMID: 24172598. 3. Zhou Y, Zhu K, Wang Q, Chen M, He C, Yang C, Zuo Z. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist diuron and its metabolites cause reproductive disorders in male marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Chemosphere. 2022 Oct;305:135388. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135388. Epub 2022 Jun 16. PMID: 35718029. 4. Lima TRR, de Oliveira Lima E, Delafiori J, Ramos Catharino R, Viana de Camargo JL, Pereira LC. Molecular signatures associated with diuron exposure on rat urothelial mitochondria. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2022 Oct;32(8):628-635. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2062271. Epub 2022 Apr 18. PMID: 35379061.
In vitro protocol:
1. Huovinen M, Loikkanen J, Naarala J, Vähäkangas K. Toxicity of diuron in human cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Oct;29(7):1577-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.013. Epub 2015 Jun 15. PMID: 26086120. 2. Da Rocha MS, Arnold LL, Dodmane PR, Pennington KL, Qiu F, De Camargo JL, Cohen SM. Diuron metabolites and urothelial cytotoxicity: in vivo, in vitro and molecular approaches. Toxicology. 2013 Dec 15;314(2-3):238-46. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Oct 27. PMID: 24172598.
In vivo protocol:
1. Zhou Y, Zhu K, Wang Q, Chen M, He C, Yang C, Zuo Z. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist diuron and its metabolites cause reproductive disorders in male marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Chemosphere. 2022 Oct;305:135388. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135388. Epub 2022 Jun 16. PMID: 35718029. 2. Lima TRR, de Oliveira Lima E, Delafiori J, Ramos Catharino R, Viana de Camargo JL, Pereira LC. Molecular signatures associated with diuron exposure on rat urothelial mitochondria. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2022 Oct;32(8):628-635. doi: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2062271. Epub 2022 Apr 18. PMID: 35379061.
1: Huovinen M, Loikkanen J, Naarala J, Vähäkangas K. Toxicity of diuron in human cancer cells. Toxicol In Vitro. 2015 Oct;29(7):1577-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.013. Epub 2015 Jun 15. PubMed PMID: 26086120. 2: Durmuş N, Bekircan T. Pretreatment with polyamines alleviate the deleterious effects of diuron in maize leaves. Acta Biol Hung. 2015 Mar;66(1):52-65. doi: 10.1556/ABiol.66.2015.1.5. PubMed PMID: 25740438. 3: Moisset S, Kim Tiam S, Feurtet-Mazel A, Morin S, Delmas F, Mazzella N, Gonzalez P. Genetic and physiological responses of three freshwater diatoms to realistic diuron exposures. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Mar;22(6):4046-55. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3523-2. Epub 2014 Sep 16. PubMed PMID: 25223354. 4: Kaonga CC, Takeda K, Sakugawa H. Diuron, Irgarol 1051 and Fenitrothion contamination for a river passing through an agricultural and urban area in Higashi Hiroshima City, Japan. Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jun 15;518-519:450-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.03.022. Epub 2015 Mar 13. PubMed PMID: 25777951. 5: Negri AP, Flores F, Mercurio P, Mueller JF, Collier CJ. Lethal and sub-lethal chronic effects of the herbicide diuron on seagrass. Aquat Toxicol. 2015 Aug;165:73-83. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.007. Epub 2015 May 14. PubMed PMID: 26026671. 6: Pereira TS, Boscolo CN, Silva DG, Batlouni SR, Schlenk D, Almeida EA. Anti-androgenic activities of diuron and its metabolites in male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquat Toxicol. 2015 Jul;164:10-5. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.04.013. Epub 2015 Apr 13. PubMed PMID: 25930013. 7: Da Rocha MS, Arnold LL, Dodmane PR, Pennington KL, Qiu F, De Camargo JL, Cohen SM. Diuron metabolites and urothelial cytotoxicity: in vivo, in vitro and molecular approaches. Toxicology. 2013 Dec 15;314(2-3):238-46. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.005. Epub 2013 Oct 27. PubMed PMID: 24172598. 8: Rubio-Bellido M, Madrid F, Morillo E, Villaverde J. Assisted attenuation of a soil contaminated by diuron using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and organic amendments. Sci Total Environ. 2015 Jan 1;502:699-705. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.052. Epub 2014 Oct 11. PubMed PMID: 25310830. 9: Tasmin R, Shimasaki Y, Tsuyama M, Qiu X, Khalil F, Okino N, Yamada N, Fukuda S, Kang IJ, Oshima Y. Elevated water temperature reduces the acute toxicity of the widely used herbicide diuron to a green alga, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Jan;21(2):1064-70. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-1989-y. Epub 2013 Jul 20. PubMed PMID: 23872901. 10: Dupraz V, Coquillé N, Ménard D, Sussarellu R, Haugarreau L, Stachowski-Haberkorn S. Microalgal sensitivity varies between a diuron-resistant strain and two wild strains when exposed to diuron and irgarol, alone and in mixtures. Chemosphere. 2016 May;151:241-52. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.073. Epub 2016 Mar 15. PubMed PMID: 26945240. 11: Ellegaard-Jensen L, Knudsen BE, Johansen A, Albers CN, Aamand J, Rosendahl S. Fungal-bacterial consortia increase diuron degradation in water-unsaturated systems. Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jan 1;466-467:699-705. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.095. Epub 2013 Aug 25. PubMed PMID: 23973535. 12: Barranger A, Akcha F, Rouxel J, Brizard R, Maurouard E, Pallud M, Menard D, Tapie N, Budzinski H, Burgeot T, Benabdelmouna A. Study of genetic damage in the Japanese oyster induced by an environmentally-relevant exposure to diuron: evidence of vertical transmission of DNA damage. Aquat Toxicol. 2014 Jan;146:93-104. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.10.032. Epub 2013 Nov 7. PubMed PMID: 24291084. 13: Mansano AS, Moreira RA, Pierozzi M, Oliveira TMA, Vieira EM, Rocha O, Regali-Seleghim MH. Effects of diuron and carbofuran pesticides in their pure and commercial forms on Paramecium caudatum: The use of protozoan in ecotoxicology. Environ Pollut. 2016 Jun;213:160-172. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.054. Epub 2016 Feb 16. PubMed PMID: 26890484. 14: Da Rocha MS, Arnold LL, De Oliveira ML, Catalano SM, Cardoso AP, Pontes MG, Ferrucio B, Dodmane PR, Cohen SM, De Camargo JL. Diuron-induced rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis: mode of action and human relevance evaluations using the International Programme on Chemical Safety framework. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2014 May;44(5):393-406. doi: 10.3109/10408444.2013.877870. Epub 2014 Feb 11. Review. PubMed PMID: 24512549. 15: Pesce S, Beguet J, Rouard N, Devers-Lamrani M, Martin-Laurent F. Response of a diuron-degrading community to diuron exposure assessed by real-time quantitative PCR monitoring of phenylurea hydrolase A and B encoding genes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Feb;97(4):1661-8. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4318-3. Epub 2012 Aug 2. PubMed PMID: 22854895. 16: Sørensen SR, Juhler RK, Aamand J. Degradation and mineralisation of diuron by Sphingomonas sp. SRS2 and its potential for remediating at a realistic µg L(-1) diuron concentration. Pest Manag Sci. 2013 Nov;69(11):1239-44. doi: 10.1002/ps.3490. Epub 2013 Mar 13. PubMed PMID: 23494959. 17: Ali HR, Arifin MM, Sheikh MA, Shazili NA, Bakari SS, Bachok Z. Contamination of diuron in coastal waters around Malaysian Peninsular. Mar Pollut Bull. 2014 Aug 15;85(1):287-91. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.05.049. Epub 2014 Jun 13. PubMed PMID: 24934440. 18: Barranger A, Benabdelmouna A, Dégremont L, Burgeot T, Akcha F. Parental exposure to environmental concentrations of diuron leads to aneuploidy in embryos of the Pacific oyster, as evidenced by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Aquat Toxicol. 2015 Feb;159:36-43. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.11.011. Epub 2014 Nov 24. PubMed PMID: 25498420. 19: Coelho-Moreira Jda S, Bracht A, de Souza AC, Oliveira RF, de Sá-Nakanishi AB, de Souza CG, Peralta RM. Degradation of diuron by Phanerochaete chrysosporium: role of ligninolytic enzymes and cytochrome P450. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:251354. doi: 10.1155/2013/251354. Epub 2013 Dec 31. PubMed PMID: 24490150; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3892757. 20: Dages C, Samouëlian A, Negro S, Storck V, Huttel O, Voltz M. Seepage patterns of Diuron in a ditch bed during a sequence of flood events. Sci Total Environ. 2015 Dec 15;537:120-8. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.130. Epub 2015 Aug 14. PubMed PMID: 26282746.