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MedKoo Cat#: 562207 | Name: Ectoine
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Ectoine is an inhibitor of protein misfolding. It acts by significantly down-regulating Syp, Mapk3 and Tnfα and up-regulating Vegf in rat's hippocampus, prohibiting insulin amyloid formation in vitro.

Chemical Structure

Ectoine
Ectoine
CAS#96702-03-3

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 562207

Name: Ectoine

CAS#: 96702-03-3

Chemical Formula: C6H10N2O2

Exact Mass: 142.0742

Molecular Weight: 142.15

Elemental Analysis: C, 50.69; H, 7.09; N, 19.71; O, 22.51

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
1g USD 250.00 2 Weeks
5g USD 450.00 2 Weeks
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Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
Ectoine; L-Ectoine; Ectoin; NSC-614616; NSC614616; NSC 614616;
IUPAC/Chemical Name
(6S)-2-Methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid
InChi Key
WQXNXVUDBPYKBA-YFKPBYRVSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C6H10N2O2/c1-4-7-3-2-5(8-4)6(9)10/h5H,2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t5-/m0/s1
SMILES Code
O=C([C@@H]1CCN=C(C)N1)O
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Ectoine serves as an osmoregulatory compatible solute, increasing the hydration of the skin surface and stabilizing lipid layers.
In vitro activity:
MTT data indicated that when compared to the untreated control cells, Ectoine pre-treated (0.5–1.5 μM) and 3 J/cm2 UVA exposed HaCaT cells were unable to show a significant decrease in cell viability (Figure 1B). Further, Ectoine pretreatment attenuated the UVA (3 J/cm2)-induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner (Figure 1B). Reference: Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jan; 9(1): 63. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7022695/
In vivo activity:
IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, PGE2, and MDA are significantly elevated in the CNS and testes of x-irradiated rat groups when compared with controls. IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and PGE2 significantly elevated at one week than one day while MDA significantly decreased. A significant decrease in the concentration of GSH and in the GSH/GSSG ratios coupled with an opposite effect on GSSG was noted. Ectoine treatment significantly ameliorated the biochemical effects induced by whole body x-irradiation. Reference: Pharmacol Rep. 2018 Apr;70(2):304-308. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29477038/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
PBS (pH 7.2) 10.0 70.35
Water 139.0 977.84
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 142.15 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Hseu YC, Chen XZ, Vudhya Gowrisankar Y, Yen HR, Chuang JY, Yang HL. The Skin-Whitening Effects of Ectoine via the Suppression of α-MSH-Stimulated Melanogenesis and the Activation of Antioxidant Nrf2 Pathways in UVA-Irradiated Keratinocytes. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jan 10;9(1):63. doi: 10.3390/antiox9010063. PMID: 31936771; PMCID: PMC7022695. 2. Schröter MA, Meyer S, Hahn MB, Solomun T, Sturm H, Kunte HJ. Ectoine protects DNA from damage by ionizing radiation. Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 10;7(1):15272. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15512-4. PMID: 29127339; PMCID: PMC5681641. 3. Refaat R, Sarhan D, Kotb M, El-Abd E, El-Bassiouni E. Post-irradiation protective effects of ectoine on brain and testicles in male mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2018 Apr;70(2):304-308. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 4. PMID: 29477038.
In vitro protocol:
1. Hseu YC, Chen XZ, Vudhya Gowrisankar Y, Yen HR, Chuang JY, Yang HL. The Skin-Whitening Effects of Ectoine via the Suppression of α-MSH-Stimulated Melanogenesis and the Activation of Antioxidant Nrf2 Pathways in UVA-Irradiated Keratinocytes. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jan 10;9(1):63. doi: 10.3390/antiox9010063. PMID: 31936771; PMCID: PMC7022695. 2. Schröter MA, Meyer S, Hahn MB, Solomun T, Sturm H, Kunte HJ. Ectoine protects DNA from damage by ionizing radiation. Sci Rep. 2017 Nov 10;7(1):15272. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15512-4. PMID: 29127339; PMCID: PMC5681641.
In vivo protocol:
1. Refaat R, Sarhan D, Kotb M, El-Abd E, El-Bassiouni E. Post-irradiation protective effects of ectoine on brain and testicles in male mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2018 Apr;70(2):304-308. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 4. PMID: 29477038.
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