IUPAC/Chemical Name
7-((6-O-(6-Deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-5-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one
InChi Key
YFVGIJBUXMQFOF-PJOVQGMDSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C28H32O14/c1-11-21(31)23(33)25(35)27(39-11)38-10-19-22(32)24(34)26(36)28(42-19)40-14-7-15(29)20-16(30)9-17(41-18(20)8-14)12-3-5-13(37-2)6-4-12/h3-9,11,19,21-29,31-36H,10H2,1-2H3/t11-,19+,21-,22+,23+,24-,25+,26+,27+,28+/m0/s1
SMILES Code
O=C1C=C(C2=CC=C(OC)C=C2)OC3=CC(O[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO[C@H]5[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](C)O5)O)O)O)O4)O)O)O)=CC(O)=C13
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
Linarin (Buddleoside), isolated from the flower extract of Mentha arvensis, shows selective dose dependent inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
In vitro activity:
Based on the preliminary experiments, this study selected the concentrations of linarin at 5, 10, and 15 μmol/L to determine the cell viability and relative glucose consumption of HepG2 cells. (Fig. 3). Linarin could significantly increase the relative glucoseconsumption without affecting the cell viability at 10 and 15 μmol/L.
Reference: Chin Herb Med. 2021 Dec 1;14(1):97-103. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36120128/
In vivo activity:
The study aimed to investigate the protective effect of linarin supplementation on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice and its potential mechanisms. Linarin significantly suppressed the levels of myeloperoxidase activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-1β) in the colon, and enhanced the mRNA level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Moreover, 50 mg kg-1 day-1 linarin reversed the gut microbiota damaged by DSS, including Alistipes, Rikenella and Clostridia UCG-014_norank. Collectively, linarin attenuates DSS-induced colitis in mice, suggesting that linarin may be a promising nutritional strategy for reducing inflammatory bowel disease.
Reference: Food Funct. 2022 Oct 17;13(20):10574-10586. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36155608/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
comments |
| Solubility |
| DMSO |
130.0 |
219.39 |
|
| DMSO:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:1) |
0.5 |
0.84 |
|
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
592.55
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Wang Z, Bai Z, Yan J, Liu T, Li Y, Xu J, Meng X, Bi Y. Anti-diabetic effects of linarin from Chrysanthemi Indici Flos via AMPK activation. Chin Herb Med. 2021 Dec 1;14(1):97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.11.002. PMID: 36120128; PMCID: PMC9476778.
2. Qi W, Chen Y, Sun S, Xu X, Zhan J, Yan Z, Shang P, Pan X, Liu H. Inhibiting TLR4 signaling by linarin for preventing inflammatory response in osteoarthritis. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Feb 1;13(4):5369-5382. doi: 10.18632/aging.202469. Epub 2021 Feb 1. PMID: 33536347; PMCID: PMC7950270.
3. Jin C, Liu J, Jin R, Yao Y, He S, Lei M, Peng X. Linarin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice via the improvement of intestinal barrier, suppression of inflammatory responses and modulation of gut microbiota. Food Funct. 2022 Oct 17;13(20):10574-10586. doi: 10.1039/d2fo02128e. PMID: 36155608.
4. Yang Y, Cheng R, Liu J, Fang J, Wang X, Cui Y, Zhang P, Du B. Linarin Protects against Cadmium-Induced Osteoporosis Via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Altering RANK/RANKL/OPG Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Aug;200(8):3688-3700. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02967-w. Epub 2021 Oct 21. Erratum in: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Jan 14;: PMID: 34674107.
In vitro protocol:
1. Wang Z, Bai Z, Yan J, Liu T, Li Y, Xu J, Meng X, Bi Y. Anti-diabetic effects of linarin from Chrysanthemi Indici Flos via AMPK activation. Chin Herb Med. 2021 Dec 1;14(1):97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.chmed.2021.11.002. PMID: 36120128; PMCID: PMC9476778.
2. Qi W, Chen Y, Sun S, Xu X, Zhan J, Yan Z, Shang P, Pan X, Liu H. Inhibiting TLR4 signaling by linarin for preventing inflammatory response in osteoarthritis. Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Feb 1;13(4):5369-5382. doi: 10.18632/aging.202469. Epub 2021 Feb 1. PMID: 33536347; PMCID: PMC7950270.
In vivo protocol:
1. Jin C, Liu J, Jin R, Yao Y, He S, Lei M, Peng X. Linarin ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice via the improvement of intestinal barrier, suppression of inflammatory responses and modulation of gut microbiota. Food Funct. 2022 Oct 17;13(20):10574-10586. doi: 10.1039/d2fo02128e. PMID: 36155608.
2. Yang Y, Cheng R, Liu J, Fang J, Wang X, Cui Y, Zhang P, Du B. Linarin Protects against Cadmium-Induced Osteoporosis Via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Altering RANK/RANKL/OPG Pathway. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Aug;200(8):3688-3700. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02967-w. Epub 2021 Oct 21. Erratum in: Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Jan 14;: PMID: 34674107.
1. Xu, Z.-F., Sun, X.-K., Lan, Y., et al. Linarin sensitizes tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis (TRAIL)-induced ligand-triggered apoptosis in human glioma cells and in xenograft nude mice. Biomed. Pharmacother. 95, 1607-1618 (2017).
2. Han, X., Wu, Y.-C., Meng, M., et al. Linarin prevents LPS‑induced acute lung injury by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation via inhibition of TXNIP/NLRP3 and NF‑κB pathways. Int. J. Mol. Med. 42(3), 1460-1472 (2018).
3. Pan, H., Zhang, J., Wang, Y., et al. Linarin improves the dyskinesia recovery in Alzheimer’s disease zebrafish by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase activity. Life Sci. 222, 112-116 (2019).
