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MedKoo Cat#: 584161 | Name: Retinol
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Description:

WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

Retinol, also known as Vitamin A, and derivatives of it that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of carotenoids found in plants.

Chemical Structure

Retinol
Retinol
CAS#68-26-8

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 584161

Name: Retinol

CAS#: 68-26-8

Chemical Formula: C20H30O

Exact Mass: 286.2297

Molecular Weight: 286.45

Elemental Analysis: C, 83.86; H, 10.56; O, 5.59

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
100mg USD 300.00
250mg USD 550.00
500mg USD 800.00
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Related CAS #
No Data
Synonym
Retinol; Afaxin; Aoral; Avibon; Biosterol; Prepalin; Testavol; Vafol; Vitamin A
IUPAC/Chemical Name
3,7-Dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol
InChi Key
FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C20H30O/c1-16(8-6-9-17(2)13-15-21)11-12-19-18(3)10-7-14-20(19,4)5/h6,8-9,11-13,21H,7,10,14-15H2,1-5H3/b9-6+,12-11+,16-8+,17-13+
SMILES Code
OC/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C
Appearance
Solid powder
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
More Info
Product Data
Product Data
Instruction
View handling instruction
Biological target:
Retinol is an intermediate in retinol metabolism in animals. It is metabolized to retinoic acid, a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR). RAR and RXR heterodimerize and act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators, with roles in development, reproduction, immunity, organogenesis, and cancer.
In vitro activity:
Retinol enhanced glutathione synthesis and increased glutamate-cysteine-ligase expression in a murine cultured macrophage cell line, RAW264. Reference: Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Jul 20;6(6):1650-1656. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30258608/
In vivo activity:
As the demand for vitamin A in psoriatic mice increased, retinol underwent relocation from the circulation to target tissues. RBP4, STRA6, and the transformation from retinol to retinoic acid were upregulated. These interactions may be part of the mechanism of psoriasis skin lesion formation. This study proposes that a positive feedback mechanism was formed that maintained psoriasis severity. Reference: Nutr Metab (Lond). 2020 Jan 13;17:5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31956331/
Solvent mg/mL mM
Solubility
Chloroform 10.0 34.91
DMF 30.0 104.73
DMSO 30.0 104.73
Ethanol 10.0 34.91
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 286.45 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
1. Mukai Y, Yamanishi R. Retinol but not retinoic acid can enhance the glutathione level, in a manner similar to β-carotene, in a murine cultured macrophage cell line. Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Jul 20;6(6):1650-1656. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.726. PMID: 30258608; PMCID: PMC6145222. 2. Li C, Imai M, Hasegawa S, Yamasaki M, Takahashi N. Growth Inhibition of Refractory Human Gallbladder Cancer Cells by Retinol, and Its Mechanism of Action. Biol Pharm Bull. 2017 Apr 1;40(4):495-503. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00934. Epub 2017 Jan 18. PMID: 28100868. 3. Wang HM, Wu C, Jiang YY, Wang WM, Jin HZ. Retinol and vitamin A metabolites accumulate through RBP4 and STRA6 changes in a psoriasis murine model. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2020 Jan 13;17:5. doi: 10.1186/s12986-019-0423-y. PMID: 31956331; PMCID: PMC6958599. 4. Yan J, Xia Q, Wamer WG, Boudreau MD, Warbritton A, Howard PC, Fu PP. Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the skin of SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate and concomitant exposure to simulated solar light for thirteen weeks. Toxicol Ind Health. 2007 Nov;23(10):581-9. doi: 10.1177/0748233708090904. PMID: 18717516.
In vitro protocol:
1. Mukai Y, Yamanishi R. Retinol but not retinoic acid can enhance the glutathione level, in a manner similar to β-carotene, in a murine cultured macrophage cell line. Food Sci Nutr. 2018 Jul 20;6(6):1650-1656. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.726. PMID: 30258608; PMCID: PMC6145222. 2. Li C, Imai M, Hasegawa S, Yamasaki M, Takahashi N. Growth Inhibition of Refractory Human Gallbladder Cancer Cells by Retinol, and Its Mechanism of Action. Biol Pharm Bull. 2017 Apr 1;40(4):495-503. doi: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00934. Epub 2017 Jan 18. PMID: 28100868.
In vivo protocol:
1. Wang HM, Wu C, Jiang YY, Wang WM, Jin HZ. Retinol and vitamin A metabolites accumulate through RBP4 and STRA6 changes in a psoriasis murine model. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2020 Jan 13;17:5. doi: 10.1186/s12986-019-0423-y. PMID: 31956331; PMCID: PMC6958599. 2. Yan J, Xia Q, Wamer WG, Boudreau MD, Warbritton A, Howard PC, Fu PP. Levels of retinyl palmitate and retinol in the skin of SKH-1 mice topically treated with retinyl palmitate and concomitant exposure to simulated solar light for thirteen weeks. Toxicol Ind Health. 2007 Nov;23(10):581-9. doi: 10.1177/0748233708090904. PMID: 18717516.
1: Yousefi S, Nateghi L, Rashidi L. Improvement of margarine shelf-life using alginate-chitosan coated multiple W/O/W nanoemulsions containing sesamol and retinol. Food Chem X. 2024 Sep 2;24:101803. doi: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101803. PMID: 39296483; PMCID: PMC11408155. 2: Engin A. Bariatric Surgery in Obesity: Metabolic Quality Analysis and Comparison of Surgical Options. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1460:697-726. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-63657-8_24. PMID: 39287870. 3: Wu L, Wang XP, Zhu YX, Tan YP, Li CM. Proteomics for early prenatal screening of gestational diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases. 2024 Sep 16;12(26):5850-5853. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i26.5850. PMID: 39286373; PMCID: PMC11287507. 4: Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006–. Vitamin A. 2024 Sep 15. PMID: 30000990. 5: Maltseva I, Yakoviichuk A, Maltseva S, Cherkashina S, Kulikovskiy M, Maltsev Y. Biochemical and Antioxidant Characteristics of Chlorococcum oleofaciens (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) under Various Cultivation Conditions. Plants (Basel). 2024 Aug 29;13(17):2413. doi: 10.3390/plants13172413. PMID: 39273897; PMCID: PMC11397108. 6: Dłubała K, Wasiek S, Pilarska P, Szewczyk-Golec K, Mila-Kierzenkowska C, Łączkowski KZ, Sobiesiak M, Gackowski M, Tylkowski B, Hołyńska-Iwan I. The Influence of Retinol Ointment on Rabbit Skin (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Ion Transport-An In Vitro Study. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 6;25(17):9670. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179670. PMID: 39273618; PMCID: PMC11395161. 7: T D, R P, S G S, S V, S P. Exploring nematicidal biomolecules from Xenorhabdus nematophila as a novel source for Meloidogyne incognita management. Toxicon. 2024 Sep 12;250:108101. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108101. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39270986. 8: Yang B, Zhang M, Shi Y, Zheng BQ, Shi C, Lu D, Yang ZZ, Dong YM, Zhu L, Ma X, Zhang J, He J, Zhang Y, Hu K, Lin H, Liao JY, Yin D. PerturbDB for unraveling gene functions and regulatory networks. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024 Sep 11:gkae777. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkae777. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39265120. 9: Mikoluc B, Sawicka-Powierza J, Berk K, Maciejczyk M, Powierza K, Zalewska A, Szulimowska J, MacDonald J, Koput A, Karpinska J, Sawczuk R, Hryniewicka M, Bakunowicz-Lazarczyk A. Reduced retinol (vitamin A) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E) blood levels and increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in children with high myopia. Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 11;14(1):21231. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72426-8. PMID: 39261545; PMCID: PMC11390734. 10: Beers BG, Corbee RJ, Veraa S, Hartmann A, Geiger C, Schauerte N, Sonsbeek LGRB. CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF THE FREQUENCY AND ETIOLOGY OF ATAXIA IN ASIATIC LIONS (PANTHERA LEO PERSICA) BETWEEN 2002 AND 2020. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2024 Sep;55(3):653-664. doi: 10.1638/2022-0156. PMID: 39255206. 11: Helder M, Pandeya N, Seviiri M, Olsen CM, Whiteman DC, Law MH. 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PMID: 39224343; PMCID: PMC11367511. 18: Lee M, Leskova W, Eshaq RS, Amezquita Z, Harris NR. Mechanisms of retinal photoreceptor loss in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Exp Eye Res. 2024 Oct;247:110065. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.110065. Epub 2024 Aug 31. PMID: 39222765; PMCID: PMC11412233. 19: Tan X, Tan PY, Som SV, Nguyen SD, Tran DT, Tran NT, Tran VK, Moore JB, Gong YY. Micronutrient deficiencies and the double burden of malnutrition in Vietnamese female adolescents: a national cross-sectional study in 2020. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2024 Aug 7;50:101164. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2024.101164. PMID: 39219625; PMCID: PMC11363818. 20: Tschuck J, Padmanabhan Nair V, Galhoz A, Zaratiegui C, Tai HM, Ciceri G, Rothenaigner I, Tchieu J, Stockwell BR, Studer L, Cabianca DS, Menden MP, Vincendeau M, Hadian K. Suppression of ferroptosis by vitamin A or radical- trapping antioxidants is essential for neuronal development. Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 1;15(1):7611. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51996-1. 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