Synonym
LY379268; LY 379268; LY-379268.
IUPAC/Chemical Name
(1S,2R,5R,6R)-2-amino-4-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic acid
InChi Key
YASVRZWVUGJELU-MDASVERJSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C7H9NO5/c8-7(6(11)12)1-13-4-2(3(4)7)5(9)10/h2-4H,1,8H2,(H,9,10)(H,11,12)/t2-,3-,4+,7+/m1/s1
SMILES Code
O=C([C@@]1(N)[C@]2([H])[C@@H](C(O)=O)[C@]2([H])OC1)O
Purity
>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition
Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition
Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility
Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life
>2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation
This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage
0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Biological target:
LY379268 is a potent, selective and brain-penetrant mGlu2/3R agonist with EC50 values of 2.69 nM (mGlu2) and 4.48 nM (mGlu3).
In vitro activity:
This study aimed to determine whether LY379268, an mGlu3R agonist, exerts an antioxidant effect on aged cultured rat astrocytes. Treatment of 9w astrocytes with LY379268 resulted in an increase in mGlu3R and Nrf2 protein levels and SOD activity, and decreased mitochondrial ROS levels and apoptosis.
Reference: Neurochem Int. 2020 Nov;140:104837. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32858088/
In vivo activity:
In testing the drug in rats as an analgesic to acute noxious stimuli, LY379268 (in doses up to 3 mg kg(-1) i.p.) did not affect withdrawal latencies to either mechanical or thermal stimulation. In a model of mouse tail withdrawal to warm water, LY379268 (12 mg kg(-1) i.p.), given before a subcutaneous tail injection of capsaicin, reduced the subsequent neurogenic hyperalgesia.
Reference: Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Mar;135(5):1255-62. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11877334/
|
Solvent |
mg/mL |
mM |
| Solubility |
| Water |
2.9 |
15.34 |
Note: There can be variations in solubility for the same chemical from different vendors or different batches from the same vendor. The following factors can affect the solubility of the same chemical: solvent used for crystallization, residual solvent content, polymorphism, salt versus free form, degree of hydration, solvent temperature. Please use the solubility data as a reference only. Warming and sonication will facilitate dissolving. Still have questions? Please contact our Technical Support scientists.
Preparing Stock Solutions
The following data is based on the
product
molecular weight
187.15
Batch specific molecular weights may vary
from batch to batch
due to the degree of hydration, which will
affect the solvent
volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass |
1 mg |
5 mg |
10 mg |
| 1 mM |
1.15 mL |
5.76 mL |
11.51 mL |
| 5 mM |
0.23 mL |
1.15 mL |
2.3 mL |
| 10 mM |
0.12 mL |
0.58 mL |
1.15 mL |
| 50 mM |
0.02 mL |
0.12 mL |
0.23 mL |
Formulation protocol:
1. Turati J, Ramírez D, Carniglia L, Saba J, Caruso C, Quarleri J, Durand D, Lasaga M. Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of mGlu3 receptor activation on astrocytes aged in vitro. Neurochem Int. 2020 Nov;140:104837. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104837. Epub 2020 Aug 25. PMID: 32858088.
2. Hu YJ, Sun Q, Zhang WH, Huo YJ, Xu CJ, Liu JF. Specific activation of mGlu2 induced IGF-1R transactivation in vitro through FAK phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2019 Apr;40(4):460-467. doi: 10.1038/s41401-018-0033-7. Epub 2018 Jun 26. PMID: 29946167; PMCID: PMC6461959.
3. Sharpe EF, Kingston AE, Lodge D, Monn JA, Headley PM. Systemic pre-treatment with a group II mGlu agonist, LY379268, reduces hyperalgesia in vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Mar;135(5):1255-62. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704583. PMID: 11877334; PMCID: PMC1573247.
4. Bond A, Jones NM, Hicks CA, Whiffin GM, Ward MA, O'Neill MF, Kingston AE, Monn JA, Ornstein PL, Schoepp DD, Lodge D, O'Neill MJ. Neuroprotective effects of LY379268, a selective mGlu2/3 receptor agonist: investigations into possible mechanism of action in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Sep;294(3):800-9. PMID: 10945827.
In vitro protocol:
1. Turati J, Ramírez D, Carniglia L, Saba J, Caruso C, Quarleri J, Durand D, Lasaga M. Antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of mGlu3 receptor activation on astrocytes aged in vitro. Neurochem Int. 2020 Nov;140:104837. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104837. Epub 2020 Aug 25. PMID: 32858088.
2. Hu YJ, Sun Q, Zhang WH, Huo YJ, Xu CJ, Liu JF. Specific activation of mGlu2 induced IGF-1R transactivation in vitro through FAK phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2019 Apr;40(4):460-467. doi: 10.1038/s41401-018-0033-7. Epub 2018 Jun 26. PMID: 29946167; PMCID: PMC6461959.
In vivo protocol:
1. Sharpe EF, Kingston AE, Lodge D, Monn JA, Headley PM. Systemic pre-treatment with a group II mGlu agonist, LY379268, reduces hyperalgesia in vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Mar;135(5):1255-62. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704583. PMID: 11877334; PMCID: PMC1573247.
2. Bond A, Jones NM, Hicks CA, Whiffin GM, Ward MA, O'Neill MF, Kingston AE, Monn JA, Ornstein PL, Schoepp DD, Lodge D, O'Neill MJ. Neuroprotective effects of LY379268, a selective mGlu2/3 receptor agonist: investigations into possible mechanism of action in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Sep;294(3):800-9. PMID: 10945827.
1: Karkhanis AN, Beveridge TJ, Blough BE, Jones SR, Ferris MJ. The individual and combined effects of phenmetrazine and mgluR2/3 agonist LY379268 on the motivation to self-administer cocaine. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2016 Sep 1;166:51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.06.020. PubMed PMID: 27394931; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5003316.
2: Engel M, Snikeris P, Matosin N, Newell KA, Huang XF, Frank E. Erratum to: mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 rescues NMDA and GABAA receptor level deficits induced in a two-hit mouse model of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016 Apr;233(8):1537. doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4261-6. PubMed PMID: 26955838.
3: Engel M, Snikeris P, Matosin N, Newell KA, Huang XF, Frank E. mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 rescues NMDA and GABAA receptor level deficits induced in a two-hit mouse model of schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016 Apr;233(8):1349-59. doi: 10.1007/s00213-016-4230-0. Erratum in: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016 Apr;233(8):1537. PubMed PMID: 26861891.
4: Myal S, O'Donnell P, Counotte DS. Nucleus accumbens injections of the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 increase cue-induced sucrose seeking following adult, but not adolescent sucrose self-administration. Neuroscience. 2015 Oct 1;305:309-15. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.07.077. PubMed PMID: 26241341; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4559755.
5: Justinova Z, Le Foll B, Redhi GH, Markou A, Goldberg SR. Differential effects of the metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor agonist LY379268 on nicotine versus cocaine self-administration and relapse in squirrel monkeys. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2016 May;233(10):1791-800. doi: 10.1007/s00213-015-3994-y. PubMed PMID: 26149611; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4706511.
